पद्मिनी
padmini
| |
| poora nam | rani padmini |
| janm | tithi ajnat |
| mrityu tithi | 1303 ee. |
| pita/mata | raja gandharv sen aur rani chanpavati |
| pati/patni | raval ratan sianh |
| vansh | sisodiya rajavansh |
| any janakari | rani padmini ki khoobasoorati par dilli ke sultan alauddin khilazi ki najar p d gee. alauddin kisi bhi kimat par rani padmini ko hasil karana chahata tha, isalie usane chittau d par hamala kar diya. |
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rani padmini / padmavati (aangrezi: Rani Padmini OR Padmawati) sianhal dvip ke raja gandharv sen aur rani chanpavati ki advitiy suandar putri thi. rani padmini ka vivah chittau d ke raval ratan sianh ke sath hua tha. rani padmini ke roop, yauvan aur jauhar vrat ki katha, madhyakal se lekar vartaman kal tak charanoan, bhatoan, kaviyoan, dharmapracharakoan aur lokagayakoan dvara vividh roopoan evan ashayoan mean vyakt huee hai. rani padmini ki khoobasoorati par dilli ke sultan alauddin khilazi ki najar p d gee. alauddin kisi bhi kimat par rani padmini ko hasil karana chahata tha, isalie usane chittau d par hamala kar diya. padmini sanbandhi kathaoan mean sarvatr yah svikar kiya gaya hai ki alauddin aisa kar sakata tha lekin kisi vishvasaniy tatha likhit praman ke abhav mean aitihasik drishti se ise poornataya saty man lena kathin hai.
ullekh
sultan ke sath chittau d ki chadhaee mean upasthit amir khusaro ne ek itihas lekhak ki sthiti se n to 'tarikhe alaee' mean aur n sahriday kavi ke roop mean alauddin ke bete khijr khaan aur gujarat ki rani devaladevi ki premagatha 'masanavi khijr khaan' mean hi isaka kuchh sanket kiya hai. isake atirikt paravarti farasi itihas lekhakoan ne bhi is sanbadh mean kuchh bhi nahian likha hai. keval farishta ne 1303 ee. mean chittau d ki chadhaee ke lagabhag 300 varsh bad aur jayasikrit 'padmavat'[1] ki rachana ke 70 varsh pashchath sanh 1610 mean 'padmavat' ke adhar par is vrittaant ka ullekh kiya jo tathy ki drishti se vishvasaniy nahian kaha ja sakata. gaurishankar hirachand ojha ka kathan hai ki padmavat, tarikhe farishta aur tad ke sankalanoan mean tathy keval yahi hai ki chadhaee aur ghere ke bad alauddin ne chittau d ko vijit kiya, vahaan ka raja ratnasianh mara gaya aur usaki rani padmini ne rajapoot ramaniyoan ke sath jauhar ki agni mean atmahuti de di.
namakaran
[[chitr:Padmini-Palace-Chittorgarh.jpg|thumb|left|rani padmini ka mahal, chittau dagadh]] ojha ji (gaurishankar hirachand) ke anusar padmini ki sthiti sianhal dvip ki rajakanya ke roop mean to ghor anaitihasik hai. ojha ji ne ratnasianh ki avasthiti siddh karane ke liye kuanbhalagadh ka jo prashastilekh prastut kiya hai, usamean use meva d ka svami aur samarasianh ka putr likha gaya hai, yadyapi yah lekh bhi ratnasianh ki mrityu 1303 ee. ke 157 varsh pashchath sanh 1460 mean utkirn hua tha. bhattikavyoan, khyatoan aur any prabandhoan ke alava paravarti kavyoan mean prasiddh 'padmini ke mahal' aur 'padmini ke talab' jaise smarakoan ke bavazood kisi thos aitihasik praman ke bina ratnasianh ki rani ko padmini nam de dena athava padmini ko hathath usake sath jo d dena asangat hai. yah sanbhav hai ki satitvaraksha ke nimitt jauhar ki adarsh paranpara ki netri chittau d ki ajnatanama rani ko, charanoan adi ne, shastraprasiddh sarvashreshth nayika padmini nam dekar tatha sati pratha sanbandhi puravritt ke adhar par is katha ko rochak tatha katharudhisanmat banane ke liye, rani ki abhijat jivani ke sath anyany prasang gadh lie hoan. astu, sauandary tatha adarsh ke lokaprasiddh pratik tatha kavyagat kalpit patr ke roop mean hi padmini nam svikar kiya jana thik lagata hai.
katha
raval samarasianh ke bad unaka putr ratnasianh chittau d ki rajagaddi par baitha. ratnasianh ki rani padmini apoorv sundar thi. usaki sundarata ki khyati door-door tak phaili thi. usaki sundarata ke bare mean sunakar dilli ka tatkalin badashah alauddin khilazi padmini ko pane ke lie lalayit ho utha aur usane rani ko pane hetu chittau d durg par ek vishal sena ke sath chadhaee kar di. usane chittau d ke qile ko kee mahinoan ghere rakha par chittau d ki raksharth par tainat rajapoot sainikoan ke adamy sahas v virata ke chalate kee mahinoan ki ghera bandi v yuddh ke bavazood vah chittau d ke qile mean ghus nahian paya. tab alauddin khilazi ne kootaniti se kam lene ki yojana banaee aur apane doot ko chittau d ratnasianh ke pas bhej sandesh bheja ki
"ham to apase mitrata karana chahate haian, rani ki sundarata ke bare mean bahut suna hai so hamean to sirph ek bar rani ka muanh dikha dijiye ham ghera uthakar dilli vapas laut jayeange."
ratnasianh khilazi ka yah sandesh sunakar agababoola ho uthe par rani padmini ne is avasar par dooradarshita ka parichay dete hue apane pati ratnasianh ko samajhaya ki
"mere karan vyarth hi chittau d ke sainikoan ka rakt bahana buddhimani nahian hai.
rani ko apani nahian poore meva d ki chianta thi vah nahian chahati thian ki usake chalate poora meva d rajy tabah ho jaye aur praja ko bhari duahkh uthana p de kyoanki meva d ki sena alauddin ki vishal sena ke age bahut chhoti thi. rani ne bich ka rasta nikalate hue kaha ki alauddin rani ke mukh de ko dekhane ke lie itana beqarar hai to darpan mean usake pratibianb ko dekh sakata hai.[2]
alauddin bhi samajh raha tha ki rajapoot viroan ko harana bahut kathin kam hai aur bina jit ke ghera uthane se usake sainiko ka manobal toot sakata hai aur usaki badanami hogi, usane yah prastav svikar kar liya. chittau d ke qile mean alauddin ka svagat ratnasianh ne athiti ki tarah kiya. rani padmini ka mahal sarovar ke bichoanbich tha. divar par ek b da aina lagaya gaya rani ko aine ke samane bithaya gaya. aine se khi daki ke zariye rani ke mukh ki parachhaee sarovar ke pani mean saf p dati thi vahian se alauddin ko rani ka mukharaviand dikhaya gaya. sarovar ke pani mean rani ke mukh ki parachhaee mean unaka saundary dekhakar alauddin chakit rah gaya aur tho di hi der tak dikhane vale maharani ke pratibianb ko dekhate hue usane kaha,
"is alaukik suandari ko apana bana looan, to isase badhakar bhagy aur kya ho sakata hai. jo bhi ho, isaka apaharan karake hi sahi, ise le jaooanga."
alauddin ne apane is lakshy ko sadhane ke lie ek yojana bhi bana li. maharaj ke atithy par anandit hone ka natak karate hue pyar se usane unhean gale lagaya. chooanki rani ka pratibianb dekhane matr ke lie sultan akele aya tha, isalie maharaja ratnasianh nirayudh, aangarakshakoan ke bina batean karate hue sultan ke sath gaye. alauddin se dvar ke bahar akar rana ratnasianh ne kaha-
"hamean mitroan ki tarah rahana tha, par shatruoan ki tarah vyavahar kar rahe haian. yah bhagy ka khel nahian to aur kya hai?"
tab tak aandhera chha chuka tha. akhiri bar ve donoan gale mile. dusht khilazi ne jaise hi ishara kiya jha diyoan ke pichhe se aye usake sipahiyoan ne nirayudh rana ko gher liya. maidan mean ga de gaye khemoan mean use le gaye. ab raja ka unase bachana asanbhav tha.[2]
ratnasianh ko qaid karane ke bad alauddin ne prastav rakha ki rani ko use sauanpane ke bad hi vah ratnasianh ko kaid mukt karega. rani ne bhi kootaniti ka jabab kootaniti se dene ka nishchay kiya aur unhoanne alauddin ko sandesh bheja ki-
"maian meva d ki maharani apani sat sau dasiyoan ke sath apake sammukh upasthit hone se poorv apane pati ke darshan karana chahooangi yadi apako meri yah shart svikar hai to mujhe soochit kare."
rani ka aisa sandesh pakar kamuk alauddin ki khushi ka thikana n raha, aur us adabhut sundar rani ko pane ke lie betab usane turant rani ki shart svikar kar sandesh bhijava diya. udhar rani ne apane kaka gora v bhaee badal ke sath rananiti taiyar kar sat sau doliyaan taiyar karavaee aur in doliyoan mean hathiyar band rajapoot vir sainik bitha die doliyoan ko uthane ke lie bhi kaharoan ke sthan par chhaante hue vir sainiko ko kaharoan ke vesh mean lagaya gaya. is tarah poori taiyari kar rani alauddin ke shivir mean apane pati ko chhu dane hetu chali unaki doli ke sath gora v badal jaise yuddh kala mean nipun vir chal rahe the. alauddin v usake sainik rani ke qafile ko door se dekh rahe the.[2]
sultan khilazi khemoan ke bich mean b di hi bechaini se rani padmini ke ane ka iantazar karane laga. tab usake pas gora namak hatta-katta ek rajapoot yoddha aya aur kaha-
"sarakar, maharani ko aantim bar maharaj ko dekhane ki akaanksha hai. unaki vinati kripaya svikar kijiye."
sultan soch mean p d gaya to gora ne phir se kaha-
"kya maharani ki batoan par ab bhi apako vishvas nahian hota?"
kahate hue jaise hi usane palaki ki or apana hath uthaya, to us palaki mean se ek saheli ne parade ko tho da hataya. mashaloan ki kaanti mean suandari ko dekhakar sulatan ke muanh se nikal p da "vah, sauandary ho to aisa ho." vah khushi se phool utha. rani padmini ko unake pati se milane ki izazat de di.
pratham palaki us or gayi, jahaan maharaj qaid the. rana ratnasianh ko riha karane ke lie jaise hi siti baji, palakiyoan mean se do hazar ath sau sainik hathiyar sahit bahar kood p de. palakiyaan ko dhonevale kahar bhi sainik hi the. unhoanne myanoan se talavarean nikalian aur jo bhi shatru hath mean aya, use mar dala. is akasmik parivartan par sultan hakka-bakka rah gaya. usake sainik titar-bitar ho gaye aur apani janean bachane ke lie yahaan-vahaan bhagane lage. kuchh aur palakiyaan paha d par qile ki or se nikalian. unamean rani ke hone ki ummid lekar shatru sainikoan ne unaka pichha kiya, par badal namak ek javan yoddha ke netritv mean rajapoot sainikoan ne un par hamala kiya. ek palaki mean baithakar maharaj aur gora sakshem qile mean pahuanch gaye.[3]
isake bad gora laut aya aur dushmanoan ka samana kiya. gora aur sultan ke bich mean bhayankar yuddh hua. isamean gora ne adbhut sahas dikhaya. lekin durbhagyavash dushmanoan ne charoan or se gora ko gher liya aur usaka sir kat dala. us sthiti mean bhi gora ne talavar pheanki, usase sulatan ke gho de ke do tuk de ho gaye aur sulatan khilaji niche gir gaya. bhayabhit sultan sena sahit dilli ki or mu d gaya.
rani padmini apane chacha gora v bhaee badal ki sahayata se vyooh rachakar shatruoan se bach sakati thi, par vah qile se bahar hi nahian ayi. sultan ne darpan mean jo pratibianb dekha tha, vah unaki saheli ka tha. palaki mean jo dikhayi p di, vah vahi saheli thi.[3]
rajadanpati phir se milan par khush to hue, lekin gora ki mrityu par unhean bahut du:kh hua. yoan kuchh samay bit gaya. us din ratnasianh ka janm dinotsav bahut b de paimane par manaya gaya. thaki huee chittau d ki praja ko yuddh ke naga doan v hahakaroan ne jagaya. is har se alauddin bahut lajjit hua aur usane ab chittau d vijay karane ke lie than li. akhir usake chh:mah se zyada chale ghere v yuddh ke karan qile mean khady samagri abhav ho gaya tab rajapoot sainikoan ne kesariya bana pahan kar jauhar aur shaka karane ka nishchay kiya. jauhar ke lie gomukh ke uttar vale maidan mean ek vishal chita ka nirman kiya gaya. rani padmini ke netritv mean 16000 rajapoot ramaniyoan ne gomukh mean snan kar apane sambandhiyoan ko antim pranam kar jauhar chita mean pravesh kiya. tho di hi der mean devadurlabh sauandary agni ki lapatoan mean svaha hokar kirti kuandan ban gaya. jauhar ki jvala ki lapatoan ko dekhakar alauddin khilazi bhi hataprabh ho gaya. maharana ratan sianh ke netritv mean kesariya bana dharan kar 30000 rajapoot sainik qile ke dvar khol bhookhe sianhoan ki bhaanti khilazi ki sena par toot p de bhayankar yuddh hua badal ne adbhut parakram dikhaya badal ki ayu us vaqt sirf barah varsh ki hi thi usaki virata ka ek gitakar ne is tarah varnan kiya-
badal barah baras ro, l diyoan lakhaan sath.
sari duniya pekhiyo, vo khaanda vai hath..[2]
ratnasianh yuddh ke maidan mean viragati ko prapt hue aur rani padmini rajapoot nariyoan ki kul parampara maryada aur apane kul gaurav ki raksharth jauhar ki jvalaoan mean jalakar svaha ho gayi jisaki kirti gatha aj bhi amar hai aur sadiyoan tak ane vali pidhi ko gauravapoorn atm balidan ki prerana pradan karati rahegi.
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bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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