प्रबोधक काव्य

prabodhak kavy (aangrezi: Didactic Poetry) koee nishchit kavy roop nahian, balki shaili, vishay-vastu aur uddeshy ki drishti se ek vishisht kavy-prakar hai. aangrezi mean ise 'daidektik poetri' kaha jata hai. aisa kavy, jisaka uddeshy sidhe-sidhe upadesh dena aur pathakoan ka sudhar karana ho aur jisaka kalatmak paksh usake naitik ya upadeshatmak paksh se bilkul dab gaya ho, 'prabodhak kavy' kaha jata hai.

vishayavastu

kuchh kavitaoan mean kavi spasht shabdoan mean kisi vishesh vishay ya vastu ke sambandh mean paryapt soochanaean dete haian ya apane jnan ka pradarshan isalie karate haian ki pathak usase labh uthaean. aisa kavy bhi prabodhak kavy ki shreni mean hi ata hai. is drishti se madhyakalin hindi sahity ka vah samast nitikavy, jisaka uddeshy niti ka upadesh dekar pathakoan ko prabuddh ya sachetan karana tha, prabodhak kavy hi mana jaega. adhunik kal mean dvivedi yug ke bahut-se kaviyoan ne desh, samaj aur dharm-sudhar ke lie abhidhatmak shaili mean jo kavitaean likhian, ve bhi prabodhak kavy ki koti mean hi ati haian.

dvivedi yugin prabodhak kavy

rashtrakavi maithilisharan gupt dvara rachit 'bharat bharati' prabodhak kavy ka utkrisht udaharan hai. sthool adarshavad aur punarutthan ki pravritti ke karan tatha ary samaj ki atishay sudharavadi bhavana ke prabhav se dvivedi yugin kavita mean khandan-mandan, bauddhik tark-vitark aur sidhe-sade upadesh dene ki paddhati vishesh roop se apanayi gayi aur kalatmak moolyoan se adhik naitik moolyoan par bal diya gaya. is karan us yug ki kavitaean adhikaanshat: varnanatmak, sthool, upadeshatmak aur niras haian. ve pray: sabhi prabodhak kavy haian. aangrezi mean draiden aur pop ki bahut-si kavitaean tatha vardsavarth ki kuchh uttarakalin kavitaean prabodhak kavy ki koti mean mani jati haian.

vidvanh matabhed

prabodhan ya upadesh dena kavy ka prathamik uddeshy hai ya nahian, is sambandh mean prachin kal se lekar ab tak sahity-shastriyoan mean bahut matabhed raha hai. vyapak drishti se dekhane par to kavy matr prabodhak hota hai, kyoanki pratyek kavita se manushy ka kisi-n-kisi roop mean labh hota hi hai. parantu kuchh vicharak kavy ka sarvapratham uddeshy prabodhan manate haian. pleto to spasht shabdoan mean kavy ko upadesh ya naitik shikshan ka sadhan manata tha aur vishuddh likhane valoan ko vah apane adarsh ganarajy mean sthan dene tak ko taiyar nahian tha. roman kavi aur sahityashastri h aaures ne prabodhan ko kavy ka mahattvapoorn uddeshy manate hue bhi use ekamatr uddeshy nahian mana. usake anusar kavi apani kavita dvara ya to shiksha deta hai ya anand pradan karata hai ya donoan kary karata hai. adhunik yug ke vicharak raskin, t aaulsatay aur mahatma gaandhi kavy ka uddeshy prabodhanatmak hi manate haian.

bharatiy alankarik mammat ne kavy ka prayojan is prakar bataya hai-

"kavyan yash se arthakrite vyavaharavide shivetarakshataye., sady:parinirvritaye kaantasammitatayopadeshayuje."

is prakar mammat bhi manate haian ki kavy se vyavaharik jnan ki shiksha milati hai, par unhoanne yah bhi spasht kar diya hai ki yah upadesh usi prakar madhur aur akarshak roop mean hona chahie, jaise patni apane pati ko madhuryaveshtit shaili mean upadesh deti hai. at: mammat bhi h aaures ki tarah upadesh aur anand donoan ko hi kavy ka uddeshy manate haian, kiantu upadesh itana sidha aur spasht nahian hona chahie ki shrota use prarambh mean hi samajh jaean. h aaures ke shabdoan mean kavyagat upadesh bachche ko di jane vali pyale ki k davi dava hai aur usaka madhury pyale ke chhor par lipata shahad hai. jaise shahad ke sahare bachcha k davi dava pi leta hai, usi tarah madhury aur anand ke madhyam se pathak ya shrota upadesh grahan karate haian. at: jis kavita mean upadesh madhury ya kavy-saundary se poornaroopen aveshtit nahian hota, use prabodhak kavy samajhana chahiye.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh