फ़िलिपीन्स

filipins dakshin-poorv eshiya mean sthit desh hai, jisaka adhikarik nam 'filipins ganatantr' hai. is desh ki rajadhani manila hai. filipins desh karib sat hazar dvipoan se bana hai, jisamean sabase b de dvip haian- loozon, visayas aur mindanav. jvalamukhiy prakriti ke karan yahaan khanij bhandar bahutayat mean haian. ek anuman ke anusar filipins mean dakshin afrika ke bad doosara sabase b da svarn ka bhandar aur vishv ka sabase b da taanbe ka bhandar hai.

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itihas

filipins ki rajadhani manila loozon dvip ke dakshin mean sagar tat par hai. is desh ka itihas speni samrajyavad se ju da hai. speni samrajyavad ka prarambh hua 1565 ee. mean aur speni shasakoan ne hi ise apane raja philip dvitiy ke nam se filipins ka nam diya. speni shasan se pahale yah dvip anek rajyoan mean bante the, jahaan vibhinn datoo, raja aur sultan shasan karate the. speni samrajyavadiyoan ke ane se pahale in dvipoan ki sabhyata par hindoo, bauddh tatha islam dharmoan ka prabhav tha, jabaki speni shasan mean yahaan ke adhikaansh logoan ne eesaee kaitholik dharm ko apana liya. speni samrajy 1898 ee. tak chala, jab filipins ganatantr ki sthapana huee. lekin speni shasakoan ne filipins ko amarika ko bech diya aur amariki filipino yuddh ke bad, amarika ne is desh par kabza kar liya. dvitiy mahayuddh mean japani phauj ne filipins par kabza kiya aur desh ke bahut-se hisse is yuddh mean bamabari se nasht ho gaye. dvitiy mahayuddh mean karib das lakh filipin nivasiyoan ki mrityu huee. aant mean 1946 mean filipins svatantr hua.

dvip-samooh

filipins ek dvip-samooh hai, jisamean 7,107 dvip haian. isaka kul bhoo kshetraphal, aantardeshiy jal nikay milakar, lagabhag 3,00,000 varg kilomitar hai. isaki 36,281 ki.mi. lanbi tatarekha ke karan yah vishv ka paanchavaan sabase lanbi tat rekha vala desh hai. adhikatar paha di dvip jvalamukhiy mool ke haian aur ushnakatibandhiy varshavanoan se dhanke hue haian. sabase ooanchi choti mauant apo hai. yah samudr tal se 2,954 mi. (9,692 phit) oopar hai. poorvi eshiya mean dakshin koriya aur poorvi timor ke bad filipins hi aisa desh hai, jahaan jyadatar log eesaee dharm ke anuyayi haian.

bhaugolik dasha

jvalamukhiy prakriti ke karan yahaan khanij bhandar bahutayat mean haian. ek anuman ke anusar filipins mean [[dakshin afrika ke bad doosara sabase b da sone ka bhandar aur vishv ka sabase b da taanbe ka bhandar hai. isake alava nikal, kromait aur jasta mean bhi samriddh hai. kaigayan nadi filipins ki sabase b di nadi hai. bhoo-tapiy oorja, jo jvalamukhiy gatividhiyoan ka ek any utpad hai, ise filipins ne achchhi tarah upayog kiya hai. filipins, sanyukt rajy amarika ke bad, vishv ka doosara sabase b da bhoo-tapiy oorja utpadak desh hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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