फ़ुटबॉल

futab aaul
bharatiy futabalar baeechuang bhootiya|200px|center
vivaran	futab aaul ek samoohik khel hai jise gyarah-gyarah khila diyoan ke do daloan ke bich khela jata hai. futab aaul ko samanyat: ek ayatakar ghas ya kritrim ghas ke maidan par khela jata hai jisake donoan chhoroan par ek ek golapost hota hai.
upanam	padakanduk, s aaukar
sarvochch niyantran nikay	fedareshan iantaraneshanel di futab aaul esosieshan (fifa)
pahali bar khela gaya	19 disambar , 1863, ianglaiand
vargikaran	samoohik khel, geand ka khel
dal ke sadasy	11
upakaran	futab aaul
sthal	b da maidan
vishvakap pratiyogita	sanh 1930 se pratyek 4 varsh mean ek bar ayojit hoti hai.
olampik	sanh 1900 se olampik kheloan mean shamil hai.
any janakari	khel 45-45 minat ki do saman avadhiyoan mean khela jata hai. pahale 45 minat ke khel ke bad 10 minat ka madhyaantar hota hai.

esosieshan futab aaul (aangrezi: Association Football) duniya ke sabase lokapriy kheloan me se ek hai. yah ek samoohik khel hai aur ise gyarah khila diyoan ke do daloan ke bich khela jata hai. futab aaul ko samanyat: ek ayatakar ghas ya kritrim ghas ke maidan par khela jata hai jisake donoan chhoroan par ek ek golapost hota hai. is khel ko s aaukar bhi kaha jata hai. khila diyoan dvara virodhi dal ke golapost mean chalaki se geand ko dalana hi is khel ka uddeshy hai. khel mean golarakshak hi ek matr aisa khila di hota hai jise geand ko rokane ke lie apana hath istemal karane ki anumati hoti hai; dal ke baki khila di amataur par geand ko marane (kik) ke liye apane pair ka istemal karate haian tatha kabhi kabhi hava mean geand ko rokane ke lie ve apane dh d ya phir sir ka istemal karate haian. jo dal khel ke aant ya samay samapti tak jyada gol karata hai, vo vijayi rahata hai. khel ke aant yani samay samapti tak yadi skor barabar rahe to us mukabale ko barabar ya dra ghoshit karana, ya khel ko atirikt samay me le jana aur/ya penalti shoot aut ke dvara har jit ka phaisala karana sab pratiyogita ke svaroop par nirbhar karata hai.

khel ka maidan

akar

phutabal ka maidan ayatakar hota hai. isaki lambaee 100 gaz se kam aur 130 gaz se adhik n hogi. isaki chau daee 50 gaz se kam aur 100 gaz se adhik n hogi. aantarrashtriy maichoan mean isaki lambaee 110 gaz se 120 gaz tatha chau daee 70 gaz se 80 gaz hogi.

rekhaankan

khel ka maidan spasht rekhaoan dvara aankit hona chahie. lambi rekhaean sparsh rekhaean ya paksh rekhaean kahalati haian aur chhoti rekhaoan ko gol rekhaean kaha jata hai. maidan ke pratyek kone par 5 phut ooanche khambhe par jhandi (karnar phlaig) lagaee jaegi. yah kendriy rekha par kam se kam ek gaz p honi chahie. maidan ke madhy mean vritt lagaya jata hai jika arddh vyas 10 gaz hoga.

k aaurnar kshetr

pratyek karnar kshetr post mean khel ke kshetr ke andar ek gaz ke ardvavyas ka chauthaee vritt khiancha jaega.

gol kshetr

khel ke maidan mean donoan siroan par do rekhaane khianchi jaegi jo gol rekha par kamb hoangi. ye maidan mean 6 gaz doori tak phaili raheangi aur gol rekha ke samanaantar ek rekha se mila di jaeangi. in rekhaoan tatha gol rekhaoan dvara ghire madhy kshetr ko gol kshetr kahate hai.

painalti kshetr

khel ke maidan ke donoan soroan par pratyek gol-post se 18 gaz ki doori par gol rekha ke samakon par do rekhaean khianchi jaeangi. ye maidan 18 gaz ki doori tak phaili hoangi. inhean gol-rekha ke samanaantar ek rekha khianch kar milaya jaega. in rekhaoan tatha gol rekhaoan se ghire hue kshetr ko painalti kshetr kaha jaega.

gol

gol rekha ka madhy mean se 8 gaz ya 24 phut ki doori par do pol (dande) ga de jaege. isake siroan ko ek kras bar dvara milaya jaega jisaka nichala sira bhoomi se 8 phut ooancha hoga. gol postoan tatha kras bar ki chau daee aur gaharaee 5 phut ianch se adhik nahian hogi.

smaraniy tathy phutabal ke maidan ka akar ayatakar maidan ki lambaee 100 gaz se 130 gaz chau daee 50 gaz se 100 gaz aantarrashtriy maichoan mean maidan ka nam adhikatam- 110 mitar x 75 mitar (120 gaz x 80 gaz) nyoonatam- 100 mitar x 64 mitar (100 gaz x 70 gaz) geand ki paridhi 27" se 28" geand ka vazan 14 auans se 16 auans ke madhy phutabal tim mean khila diyoan ki sankhya 11 (gyarah), 5 khila di atirikt hote hai. ek maich mean kitane khila di badale ja sakate haian 2 (do) phutabal maich mean khel ki avadhi 45-45 minat ke do charan (rauand) phutabal maich mean madhyaantar (iantaraval) ka samay 5 minat ya 10 minat ka bhi ho sakata hai. maich khilane vale adhikari 3 (1 raiphari tatha 2 laeenazamain)

geand

geand ka akar gol hota hai. yah cham de ya kisi any svikrit vastu ki bani honi chahie. isaki paridhi 27" se 28" tak honi chahiye. isaka bhar 14 auans se 16 auans tak hona chahiye. raiphari ki ajna ke bina khel ke dauran geand badali nahian ja sakati.

khila di ka saman

khila di pray: jarsi ya kamiz, nikkar, jurabean tatha boot pahan sakata hai. gol-kipar ki kamiz ya jarsi ka rang baki khila diyoan se bhinn hona chahiye. boot pahanane avashyak haian. koee bhi khila di aisi vastu nahian pahan sakata jo any khiladiyoan ke lie hanikarak ho.

khila diyoan ki sankhya

phutabal ka khel do timoan ke bich hota hai. pratyek tim mean gyarah-gyarah tatha atirikt 5 khila di hote haian. ek maich mean kisi tim ko do se adhik khila diyoan ko badalane ki ajna nahian hoti. badate hue khila di pun: us maich mean bhag lene ka adhikar nahian diya jata.

adhikari

ek raiphari, do laeenamain ek taim kipar. raiphari khel ke niyamoan ka palan karavata hai aur kisi bhi jhag de vale prashn ka nirnay karata hai. khel mean kya hua aur parinam kya nikala, is par usaka nirnay aantim hota hai.

khel ki avadhi

khel 45-45 minat ki do saman avadhiyoan mean khela jata hai. pahale 45 minat ke khel ke bad 10 minat ka madhyaantar hota hai.

khel ka arambh

khel ke prarambh mean t aaus dvara kik marane aur saeed (paksh) chunane ka nirnay kiya jata hai. t aaus jitane vali tim ko kik lagane ya saeed chunane ki choot hoti hai.

geand khel se bahar

geand khel se bahar mani jaegi:-

1. jab geand bhoomi par ya hava mean gol-rekha ya sparsh-rekha poori tarah par kar jae.
2. jab raiphari khel ko rok de.

skor (phalaankan) ya gol

jab geand niyamanasar gol-postoan ke bich kras bar ke niche aur gol-rekha ke par chali jae to gol mana jata hai. jo bhi tim adhik gol banati use hi vijayi mana jata hai. yadi koee gol nahian hota ya barabar sankhya mean gol hote haian to khel barabar mana jata hai. parantu yadi lig vidhi se toornamaiant ho raha ho to barabar rahane par donoan timoan ko ek-ek aank diya jata hai.

af saeed

koee bhi khila di apane madhy mean aph saeed nahian hota. aph saeed us samay hoti hai jab vah virodhi tim ke madhy mean ho aur usake pichhe do virodhi khila di n ho.

1. usaki apeksha virodhi khila di apani gol rekha ke nikat n hoan.
2. vah maidan ke apane arddh-kshetr mean n ho.
3. geand aantim bar virodhi ko n lagi ho ya usake dvara kheli n gee ho.
4. use gol-kik, karnar kik, thro- in dvara geand sidhi n mili ho ya raiphari ne n pheanka ho.

dand

is niyam ka ullanghan karane par virodhi khila di ko us sthan se phri-kik di jaegi, jahaan par niyam ka ullanghan hua ho.

phri-kik

phri-kik do prakar ki hoti hai- pratyaksh phri-kik (Direct kick) tatha apratyaksh phri-kik (Indirect kick). pratyaksh phri-kik vah hai jahaan se sidha gol kiya ja sakata hai. jab tak ki geand kisi aur khila di ko chhoo n jae. jab koee khila di pratyaksh ya apratyaksh phri-kik lagata hai to any khila di geand se kam se kam das gaz ki doori par hone chahiye. ve apane paridhi path aur painalti kshetr ko par karate hi geand phauran kheleange. yadi geand painalti kshetr se pare sidhe khel mean kik nahian lagaee gee to kik pun: lagaee jaegi. phri-kik lagane vala khila di geand ko doosari bar us samay tak nahian chhoo sakata jab tak ise kisi any khila di ne n chhoo liya ho.

dand

is niyam ka ullanghan karane par rakshak tim ko ullanghan vale sthan se apratyaksh phri-kik lagane ko milegi.

painalti kik

painalti kik painalti nishan se lagaee jaegi. painalti-kik lagane ke samay kik marane bala (praharak) tatha gol-rakshak hi painalti kshetr mean hoange. baki ke khila di painalti kshetr se bahar aur painalti ke nishan se kam se kam 10 gaz door hoange. geand ko kik lagane tak gol-rakshak gol rekha par sthit kh da rahega. kik marane vala geand ko doosari bar chhoo nahian sakata jab tak ki use gol kipar chhoo nahian leta.

dand

is niyam ke ullanghan par-

1. yadi rakshak tim dvara ullanghan hota hai aur yadi gol n hua ho to kik doosari bar li jaegi.
2. yadi akramak tim dvara ullanghan hota hai to gol ho jane par bhi dobara kik li jaegi.
3. yadi painalti-kik lene vale khila di se ullanghan hota hai to virodhi khila di ullanghan vale sthan se apratyaksh phri-kik lagaega.

thro-in

[[chitr:Chandrasekharan-Nair-Football-Stadium.jpg|thumb|chandrashekhar naiyar futab aaul stediyam, tiruanantapuram]] jab geand bhoomi par ya hava mean parshv rekhaoan se bahar chali jati hai to virodhi tim ka ek khila di us sthan se jahaan se geand par huee hoti hai, kh da hokar geand maidan ke andar pheankata hai. geand andar pheankane vala khila di maidan ki or muanh karake donoan paanvoan ka koee bhag sparsh rekha ya sparsh rekha se bahar zamin par rakh kar kh da ho hata hai. vah hathoan mean geand pak d kar sir ke oopar se ghuma kar andar maidan mean pheankega. vah us samay tak geand ko nahian chhoo sakata jab tak kisi doosare khila di ne ise n chhoo liya ho.

dand

1. yadi thro-in uchit dhang se n ho to virodhi tim ka khila di thro-in karega.
2. yadi thro-in karane vala khila di geand ko kisi doosare khila di dvara chhooe jane se pahale hi svayan chhoo leta hai to virodhi tim ko ek apratyaksh phri-kik lagane ko di jaegi.

gol-kik

kisi akramak tim ke khila di dvara khele jane par jab geand bhoomi ke sath ya hava mean gol rekha ko par kar jae to rakshak tim ka khila di ise gol kshetr se bahar kik karata hai. yadi vah gol kshetr se bahar nahian nikalati aur sidhe khel ke maidan mean nahian pahuanch pati to kik dubara lagaee jaegi. kik karane vala khila di geand ko us samay tak pun: nahian chhoo sakata jab tak ise kisi doosare khila di dvara chhoo n liya jae.

dand

yadi kik lagane vala khila di geand ko kisi any khila di dvara chhoone se pahale pun: chhoo le to virodhi tim ko usi sthan se ek apratyaksh phri-kik di jaegi jahaan ki ullanghan hua hai.

karnar kik

jab rakshak tim ke kisi khila di dvara khele jane par geand bhoomi par ya hava mean gol rekha par kar kar jae to akramak tim ka khila di nikatatam karnar-phlaig ke chauthaee vritt ke bhitar se geand ko kik lagaega. aisi kik se pratyaksh gol bhi kiya kiya ja sakata hai. jab tak karnar-kik n le jae, virodhi tim ke khila di 10 gaz door raheange. kik karane vala khila di bhi us samay tak geand ko dubara nahian chhoo sakata jab tak kisi any khila di ne use chhoo n liya ho.

dand

is niyam ke ullanghan par virodhi tim ko ullanghan vale sthan se apratyaksh phri-kik di jaegi.

phaool tatha trutiyaan

• yadi koee bhi khila di nimnalikhit avajna ya aparadhoan mean se koee bhi jan-boojh kar karata hai to virodhi dal ko avajna aparadh vale sthan se pratyaksh phri-kik di jaegi.

1. virodhi khila di ko kik mare ya kik marane ki koshish kare.
2. virodhi khila di par kood ya dhakka ya mukka mare.
3. virodhi khila di par bhayankar roop se akraman kare.
4. virodhi khila di par pichhe se akraman kare.
5. virodhi khila di ko pak de ya usake vastr pak d kar khianche.
6. virodhi khila di ko chot lagae ya lagane ki koshish kare.
7. virodhi khila di ke raste mean badha baneya taangoan ke prayog se use gira de ya girane ki koshish kare.
8. virodhi khila di ko hath ya bhuja ke kisi bhag se dhakka de.
9. geand ko hath mean pak data hai?

yadi rakshak tim ka khila di in aparadhoan mean se koee ek aparadh painalti kshetr mean karata hai to akraman tim ko painalti-kik di jaegi.

• yadi khila di nimnalikhit aparadhoan mean se koee ek aparadh karata hai to virodhi tim ko aparadh vale sthan se apratyaksh phri-kik di jaegi:-

1. jab geand ko khataranak dhang se khelata hai.
2. jab geand kuchh door ho to doosare khila di ko kandhe mare.
3. geand khelate samay virodhi khila di ko janaboojh kar rokata hai.
4. gol-kipar par akraman karana, keval un sthitiyoan ko chho d kar jab vah:-

(i) virodhi khila di ko rok raha ho.
(ii) geand pak d raha ho.
(iii) gol kshetr se bahar nikal gaya ho.
5. (k) gol rakshak ke roop mean geand bhoomi par bina tappa mare char kadam age ko jana.
(kh) gol rakshak ke roop mean aisi chalaki mean lag jana jisase khel mean badha p de, samay nasht kare aur apane paksh ka anuchit labh pahuanchane ki koshish kare.
(g) khila di ko chetavani di jaegi aur virodhi tim ko apratyaksh phri-kik di jaegi jab koee khila di:-
(i) khel ke niyamoan ka lagatar ullanghan karata hai.
(ii) durvyavahar ka aparadhi hota hai.
(iii) shabdoan ya prakriya dvara raiphari ke nirnay se matabhed prakat karata hai.
(gh) khila di ko khel ke maidan se bahar nikal diya jaega yadi:-
(i) vah gali-galoch karata hai ya phaool karata hai.
(ii) chetavani-milane par bhi bura vyavahar karata hai.
(iii) vah gambhir phaool khelata hai ya durvyavahar karata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

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