बालमणि अम्मा

balamani amma
balamani amma|200px|center
poora nam	nalapat balamani amma
janm	19 julaee, 1909
janm bhoomi	zila malabar, keral
mrityu	29 sitambar, 2004
mrityu sthan	kochchi, keral
abhibhavak	pita- chittanjoor kuanjjanni raja, mata- nalapat koochukutti amma
pati/patni	vi. em. nayar
karm bhoomi	bharat
mukhy rachanaean	'gauraiya', 'kalakatte ka kala kutiya', 'amma', 'muthassi', 'mazhuviant katha' adi.
bhasha	sanskrit, malayalam
puraskar-upadhi	'padm bhooshan' (1987)
prasiddhi	malayalam sahityakar
nagarikata	bharatiy
any janakari	keral sahity akadami, akhitam achyutan nanboothari mean ek yadagar vaktavy ke dauran nalapat balamani amma ko "manav mahima ke nabi" ke roop mean varnit kiya gaya tha aur kavitaoan ki preranastrot kaha gaya tha.
inhean bhi dekhean	kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi

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nalapat balamani amma (aangrezi: Nalapat Balamani Amma, janm- 19 julaee, 1909, malabar, keral; mrityu- 29 sitambar, 2004, kochchi) malayalam bhasha ki prasiddh kaviyitri thian. ve mahadevi varma ki samakalin thian, jo hindi sahity mean chhayavadi yug ke char pramukh stambhoan mean se ek thian. nalapat balamani amma ki ganana bisavian shatabdi ki charchit v pratishthit malayalam kavayitriyoan mean ki jati hai. unaki rachanaean ek aise anubhooti mandal ka sakshatkar karati haian, jo malayalam mean adrishtapoorv hai. adhunik malayalam ki sabase sashakt kavayitriyoan mean se ek hone ke karan nalapat balamani amma ko "malayalam sahity ki dadi" kaha jata hai. unhoanne 500 se adhik kavitaean likhian.

janm tatha shiksha

nalapat balamani amma ka janm 19 julaee, 1909 ko keral ke malabar zile ke punnayurkulam mean pita chittanjoor kuanjjanni raja aur maan nalapat koochukutti amma ke yahaan nalapat mean hua tha. yadyapi unaka janm nalapat ke nam se pahachane-jane vale ek roodhivadi parivar mean hua, jahaan l dakiyoan ko vidyalay bhejana anuchit mana jata tha. isalie unake lie ghar mean shikshak ki vyavastha kar di gayi thi, jinase unhoanne sanskrit aur malayalam bhasha sikhi. nalapat haus ki alamariyaan pustakoan se bhari-p di thian. in pustakoan mean kagaz par chhapi pustakoan ke sath hi ta dapatroan par ukeri gee hastalipi vali pustakean bhi thian. in pustakoan mean 'barahasanhita' se lekar taigor tak ka rachana sansar sammilit tha. nalapat balamani amma ke mama en. narayan menan kavi aur darshanik the, jinhoanne unhean sahity srijan ke lie protsahit kiya. kavi aur vidvanh ghar par atithi ke roop mean ate aur haphtoan rahate the. is dauran ghar mean sahityik charchaoan ka ghatatop chhaya rahata tha. is vatavaran ne nalapat balamani amma ke chiantan ko prabhavit kiya.

vivah

nalapat balamani amma ka vivah 19 varsh ki ayu mean varsh 1928 mean vi. em. nayar se hua, jo age chalakar malayalam bhasha ke dainik samachar patr 'matribhoomi' ke prabandh sanpadak aur prabandh nideshak banean. vivah ke turant bad amma apane pati ke sath kolakata mean rahane lagian, jahaan unake pati 'velaphort traansaport kampani' mean varishth adhikari the. yah kanpani aautomobail kanpani 'rols r aauyas motar kars' aur 'beantale' ke upakaranoan ko bechati thi. is kanpani se tyagapatr dene ke bad unake pati ne dainik samachar patr 'matribhoomi' mean apani sevaean dene hetu parivar sahit kolakata chho dane ka nirnay liya. phalat: alp pravas ke bad amma apane pati ke sath kolakata chho dakar keral vapas a gayian. 1977 mean unake pati ki mrityu huee. lagabhag pachas varsh tak unaka daanpaty bana raha. unake dampaty ki jhalak unaki kuchh kavitaoan, yatha- 'amritan gamaya', 'svapn', 'parajay' mean mukhar huee hai.

sahityik kary

nalapat balamani amma keral ki rashtravadi sahityakar thian. unhoanne rashtriy udbodhan vali kavitaoan ki rachana ki. ve mukhyatah vatsaly, mamata, manavata ke komal bhav ki kavayitri ke roop mean vikhyat haian. phir bhi svatantrataroopi dipak ki ushn lau se bhi ve achhooti nahian rahian. san 1929-1939 ke bich likhi unaki kavitaoan mean deshabhakti, gaandhi ka prabhav, svatantrata ki chah spasht parilakshit hoti hai. isake bad bhi unaki rachanaean prakashit hoti rahian. apane srijan se ve bharatiy ajadi mean anokha kary kiya. unhoanne apani kishoravastha mean hi anek kavitayean likh li thian, jo pustakakar roop mean unake vivah ke bad prakashit hueean. unake pati ne unhean sahity srijan ke lie paryapt avasar diya. unaki suvidha ke lie ghar ke kam-kaj ke sath-sath bachchoan ko sanbhalane ke lie alag se naukar-chakar laga diye the, taki ve poora samay lekhan ko samarpit kar sakean.

nalapat balamani amma vivahoparaant apane pati ke sath kalakatta (vartaman kolakata) mean rahane lagian thian. kalakatta nivas ke anubhavoan ne unaki kavy chetana ko atyant prabhavit kiya. apani pratham prakashit aur charchit kavita 'kalakatte ka kala kutiya' unhoanne apane patidev ke anurodh par likhi thi, jabaki aantaratma ki prerana se likhi gee unaki pahali kavita 'matrichuanban' hai. svatantrata aandolan ke dauran mahatma gaandhi ka prabhav unake lie aparihary ban gaya. unhoanne khadi pahani aur charakha kata. unaki praranbhik kavitaoan mean se ek 'gauraiya' shirshak kavita us daur mean atyant lokapriy huee. ise keral ki pathy-pustakoan mean sammilit kiya gaya. bad mean unhoanne garbhadharan, prasav aur shishu poshan ke strijanit anubhavoan ko apani kavitaoan mean piroya. isake ek dashak bad unhoanne ghar aur parivar ki simaoan se nikalakar adhyatmikata ke kshetr mean dastak di. tab tak yah kshetr unake lie aparichit jaisa tha.

puraskar v samman

thiyosafi ka praranbhik jnan unake mama se unhean mila. hindoo shastroan ka sahaj jnan unhean pahale se hi tha. isalie thiyosafi aur hindoo manisha ka sanyojit svaroop hi unake vicharoan ke roop mean lekhan mean utara. nalapat balamani amma ke do darjan se adhik kavy-sankalan, kee gady-sankalan aur anuvad prakashit hue haian. unhoanne chhoti avastha se hi kavitaean likhana shuroo kar diya tha. unaki pahali kavita "kooppukee" 1930 mean prakashit huee thi. unhean sarvapratham kochin british raj ke poorv shasak ram varma parikshit thanpooran ke dvara "sahity nipun puraskaram" pradan kiya gaya. 1987 mean prakashit "nivedyam" unaki kavitaoan ka charchit sangrah hai. kavi en. en. menan ki maut par shokagit ke roop mean unaka ek sangrah "lokaantharaangalil" nam se aya tha. unaki kavitaean darshanik vicharoan evan manavata ke prati agadh prem ki abhivyakti hoti haian. bachchoan ke prati prem-pagi kavitaoan ke karan malayalam-kavita mean ve "amma" aur "dadi" ke nam se samadrit haian. keral sahity akadami, akhitam achyutan nanboothari mean ek yadagar vaktavy ke dauran unhean "manav mahima ke nabi" ke roop mean varnit kiya gaya tha aur kavitaoan ki preranastrot kaha gaya tha. unhean 1987 mean bharat sarakar ne sahity evan shiksha ke kshetr mean 'padm bhooshan' se sammanit kiya tha. varsh 2009, unaki janm shatabdi ke roop mean manaya gaya.

mrityu

nalapat balamani amma ka nidhan 29 sitambar, 2004 ko kochchi, keral mean hua. amma ke sahity aur jivan par mahatma gaandhi ke vicharoan aur adarshoan ka spasht prabhav raha. unaki pramukh kritiyoan mean 'amma', 'muthassi', 'mazhuviant katha' adi haian. unhoanne malayalam kavita mean us komal shabdavali ka vikas kiya, jo abhi tak keval sanskrit mean hi sanbhav mani jati thi. isake lie unhoanne apane samay ke anukool sanskrit ke komal shabdoan ko chunakar malayalam ka jama pahanaya. unaki kavitaoan ka nad-sauandary aur paini uktiyoan ki vyanjana shaili anyatr durlabh hai. ve pratibhavan kavayitri ke sath-sath bal katha lekhika aur srijanatmak anuvadak bhi thian. apane pati vi. em. nayar ke sath milakar unhoanne apani kee kritiyoan ka any bhashaoan mean bhi anuvad kiya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

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