राष्ट्रकूट वंश

rashtrakoot vansh ka arambh 'dantidurg' se lagabhag 736 ee. mean hua tha. usane nasik ko apani rajadhani banaya. isake uparant in shasakoan ne manyakhet, (adhunik malakhand) ko apani rajadhani banaya. rashtrakootoan ne 736 ee. se 973 ee. tak rajy kiya.

rashtrakoot vanshiy shasak

shasakoan ke nam	shasan kal
dantidurg	(736-756 ee.)
krishna pratham	(756-772 ee.)
govind dvitiy	(773-780 ee.)
dhruv dharavarsh	(780-793 ee.)
govind tritiy	(793-814 ee.)
amoghavarsh pratham	(814-878 ee.)
krishna dvitiy	(878-915 ee.)
indr tritiy	(915-917 ee.)
amoghavarsh dvitiy	(917-918 ee.)
govind chaturth	(918-934 ee.)
amoghavarsh tritiy	(934-939 ee.)
krishna tritiy	(939-967 ee.)
khottig amoghavarsh	(967-972 ee.)
kark dvitiy	(972-973 ee.)

shasan tantr

rashtrakootoan ne ek suvyavasthit shasan pranali ko janm diya tha. prashasan rajatantratmak tha. raja sarvochch shaktiman tha. rajapad anuvanshik hota tha. shasan sanchalan ke lie sampoorn rajy ko rashtroan, vishayoan, bhooktiyoan tatha gramoan mean vibhajit kiya gaya tha. rashtr, jise 'mandal' kaha jata tha, prashasan ki sabase b di ikaee thi. prashasan ki sabase chhoti ikaee 'gram' thi. rashtr ke pradhan ko 'rashtrapati' ya 'rashtrakoot' kaha jata tha. ek rashtr char ya paanch ziloan ke barabar hota tha. rashtr kee vishayoan evan ziloan mean vibhajit tha. ek vishay mean 2000 gaanv hote the. vishay ka pradhan 'vishayapati' kahalata tha. vishayapati ki sahayata ke lie 'vishay mahattar' hote the. vishay ko gramoan ya bhuktiyoan mean vibhajit kiya gaya tha. pratyek bhukti mean lagabhag 100 se 500 gaanv hote the. ye adhunik tahasil ki tarah the. bhukti ke pradhan ko 'bhogapati' ya 'bhogik' kaha jata tha. isaka pad anuvaanshik hota tha. vetan ke badale inhean karamukt bhoomi pradan ki jati thi. bhukti chhote-chhote gaanv mean baant diya gaya tha, jinamean 10 se 30 gaanv hote the. nagar ka adhikari 'nagarapati' kahalata tha.

prashasan ki sabase chhoti ikaee gram thi. gram ke adhikari ko 'gramakoot', 'gramapati', 'gavund' adi namoan se pukara jata tha. isaki ek gram sabha bhi thi, jisamean gram ke pratyek parivar ka sadasy hota tha. gaanv ke jhag de ka nipatara karana isaka pramukh kary tha.

rajasv pranali

ay ka pramukh sadhan bhoomi kar tha. niyamit karoan mean 'udrang', 'uparik', 'shulk' tatha 'vikar' pramukh kar the. udrang ya bhagakar utpadan ka 1/4 tha. mudra pranali vikasit thi. rashtrakoot mudraoan mean 'dramy', 'suvarn', 'gadhyaantak', 'katanju' tatha 'kasu' ka ullekh milata hai. isamean kalanju, gadhyaantak tatha kasu svarn mudraean thian.

dharm

rashtrakoot shasakoan ke sanrakshan mean brahman evan jain dharm ka adhik vikas hua. brahman dharm sarvadhik prachalit tha. prarambhik rashtrakoot shasak brahman dharm ke anuyayi the tatha vishnu evan shiv ki aradhana karate th. rashtrakoot shasak apani shasakiy mudraoan par garudh, shiv athava vishnu ke ayudhoan ka prayog karate the. brahman dharm ki tulana mean jain dharm ka adhik prachar-prasar hua. ise rajakiy sanrakshan pradan tha. rashtrakoot shasak amoghavarsh ke samay mean jain dharm ka sarvadhik vikas hua. amoghavarsh ke guru 'jinasen' jain the, jisane ‘adi puran’ ki rachana ki. yuvaraj krishna ka adhyapak gunabhadr prasiddh jainachary tha. gang shasak veanket ya usake putr lokadity jain dharm ke anuyayi the. rashtrakootoan ke prasiddh senapati shri vijay narasianh adi jain the.

sahityik upalabdhiyaan

rashtrakoot kal sahityik unnati ke lie bhi prasiddh raha hai. agrahar uchch sanskrit shiksha ka kendr tha. yahaan par brahman sanskrit vidya ki shiksha di jati thi. agrahar ke atirikt mandir bhi uchch shiksha ka kendr tha. manyakhet, paithan, nasik, karahad adi shiksha ke uchch kendr the. sanskrit ke anek vidvanh tatha lekhak-'kumaril bhatt', 'vachaspati', 'lall', 'katyayan', 'rajashekhar', 'aangiras' isi yug ke haian. isake atirikt any vidvanoan mean 'halayudh', 'ashlak', 'vidyanand', 'jinasen', 'prabhachandr', 'harishen', 'gunabhadr' aur 'somadev' pramukh the. halayudh, jisane ‘kavi rahasy’ namak granth likha, krishna tritiy ka darabari kavi tha. krishna tritiy ke hi shasan kal mean 'avalank' aur 'vidyanand' ne jain granth 'apt mimaansa' par 'ashtashati' evan 'ashtasahastri' tikaean likhian. isi kal mean 'manikyanandin' ne ‘parikshamukh shastr’ ki rachana ki, jo nyay shastr ka pramukh granth mana gaya hai. rashtrakoot shasak svayan ek uchchakoti ka vidvanh tha, usane kann d bhasha mean ‘kaviraj marg’ namak granth ki rachana ki. isake guru evan achary jinasen ne 'adi puran', 'harivansh' tatha 'pashrvabhyuday' ki rachana ki. isi samay ke mahanh ganitajn 'virachary' ne 'ganisarasangrah' ki rachana ki tatha shakatayan ne 'amoghavritti' ki rachana ki. rashtrakoot shasak indr tritiy ke shasan kal mean mahakavi 'trivikram' ne ‘nalachampoo’ kavy ki rachana ki. 9vian shatabdi mean somadev ne yashastik champoo namak uchch koti ke granth ki rachana ki. usaki ek any rachana ‘niti vakyamrit’ hai, jo tatkalin rajanitik siddhantoan ka manak granth mana jata hai. 10vian shatabdi ke mahanakavi 'pamp' ne kann d bhasha mean ‘adi puran’ tatha ‘vikramarjun vijay’ ki rachana ki. adi puran mean pratham jain tirthakaroan ka ullekh kiya gaya hai.

kann d kavi 'potr' (950) ne ramayan ki kahani par adharit ‘ramakatha’ tatha ‘shantipuran’ namak granth ki rachana ki. 'rann' (993 ee.) ne 'gadayuddh' tatha 'ajit tirthakar puran' ki rachana ki. gangava di rajy ke prasiddh senapati 'chamundaraj' ne ‘chamundaraj puran’ namak granth likha; jise gady sahity ka utkrisht granth mana jata hai.

kala

rashtrakootoan ke samay ka sabase vikhyat mandir elora ka kailash mandir hai. isaka nirman krishna pratham ke shasanakal mean kiya gaya tha. bh dauda abhilekh mean is mandir ki bhavyata ka varnan milata hai. dashavatar mandir do manjila brahman mandir ka ek matr udaharan hai. inake jain mandir paanch manjilean haian, jinamean indramahasabha, chhota kailash tatha jagannath sabha pramukh haian.

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