रुक्माबाई
rukmabaee
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| poora nam | rukmabaee raut |
| janm | 22 navambar, 1864 |
| janm bhoomi | mumbee |
| mrityu | 25 sitambar, 1955 |
| abhibhavak | pita- janardan paandurang, mata- jayantibaee |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | chikitsa |
| prasiddhi | bharat ki pahali mahila chikitsak |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | rukhmabaee ne apane jivanakal mean paiantis sal tak mukhy chikitsa adhikari ke roop mean kary kiya. unake 153vean janm divas ke avasar par googal ne doodal banakar unhean sammanit kiya. |
rukmabaee raut (aangrezi: Rukhmabai Raut, janm- 22 navambar, 1864; mrityu- 25 sitambar, 1955) bharat ki pratham mahila chikitsak thian. vah ek aitihasik qanooni mamale ke keandr mean bhi thian, jisake parinamasvaroop 'ej aauph k aaunseant ekt, 1891' namak qanoon bana tha. rukmabaee ko d aauktar banane ki ichchha thi aur ve logoan ki seva karana chahati thian. unake is phaisale ko gharavaloan aur logoan ka samarthan mila. isake lie 'landan skool aauf medisan' mean bhejane aur padhaee ke lie ek phand taiyar kiya gaya tha. vahaan se rukmabaee ne snatak ki upadhi prapt ki aur 1895 mean vapas bharat lautian. rukmabaee ne soorat ke mahila astapal ko chuna. unhoanne jivan bhar d aauktari ki. d aau. rukmabaee ek samajik sudharak bhi thian, jinhoanne kee buraeeyoan ke lie avaj uthaee aur mahila aur bal adhikaroan ke lie khulakar bola.
parichay
rukmabaee ka janm 22 navambar, 1864 ko badhee samuday mean muanbee mean hua tha. unake pita ka nam janardan paandurang v mata ka nam jayantibaee tha. janardan paandurang ki maut ke bad jayantibaee ne apani sanpatti 8 sal ki rukhmabaee ko sauanp di.
rukmabaee ka vivah dadaji bhikaji ke sath gyarah varsh ki umr mean hi unaki ichchha ke viruddh ho gaya tha. us samay bal vivah am bat thi. halaanki unhean apani shiksha poori karane ki ijajat thi, lekin unake pati dadaji bhikaji raut ne dhire-dhire unhean apane sath rahane ke lie majaboor kiya. march 1884 mean dadaji ne mumbee uchch nyayalay mean patni par vaivahik hakoan ko bahal karane ke lie yachika dayar ki, jisaka phaisala dadaji ke hak mean aya. nyayalay ne kaha ki ya to ve nyayalay ka phaisala mane ya unhean jel jana hoga. rukmabaee ne british sarakar se kaha ki apane pati ke sath vaivahik rishtoan mean ulajhakar rahane ke ke bajay ve jel mean rahana pasand kareangi.[1]
saloan pahale jab mahilaoan ke lie koee adhikar bhi nahian the, us vakt rukmabaee ne apane adhikaroan ke lie l daee l di aur bal vivah ke khilaph kh di hueean. unhoanne 11 sal ki umr mean vivah ki vaidhata par saval kh de kie. us vakt unake pati 19 sal ke the. unhoanne garibi aur kharab svasthy ka havala dekar pati ke sath rahane se inakar kar diya tha. 1885 mean jajoan ke nirnay ne dadaji bhikaji ke vaivahik adhikaroan ke sauanpe jane ke dave ko radd kar diya. halaanki sal 1888 mean rukmabaee aur dadaji ke bich ek samajhauta hua, jisake maddenajar rukmabaee ne pati ko muavaja diya aur shadi se poori tarah se mukti paee.
bharat ki pahali mahila d aauktar
'hiandoo ledi' ke nam se mashahoor hueean rukmabaee ne akhabaroan mean kee patr likhe, jis par unhean kaphi samarthan bhi mila. jab unhoanne padhane ki ichchha jataee to unake samarthan mean phand ikattha ho gaya, jisase unhean ianglaind mean landan skool aauph medisin mean padhane ka mauka mila. kama aspatal mean d aau. edith pechee ne rukmabaee ko protsahit kiya, jinhoanne unaki shiksha ke lie dhan jutane mean madad ki thi. rukmabaee 1889 mean ianglaiand gee thian. unako matadhikar karyakarta eeva maikaleran aur valtar maikaleran aur bharat ki mahilaoan ko chikitsa sahayata pradan karane ke lie dafarin ke phand ki kauantes dvara sahayata di gee thi. ediled mainiang aur kee any ne rukmabaee raksha samiti ko ek nidhi ki sthapana mean madad ki. yogadanakartaoan mean shivajirav holkar shamil the, jinhoanne paranparaoan ke viruddh hastakshep karane ka sahas dikhaya aur 500 rupaye ka dan diya tha. rukmabaee to unaki aantim pariksha ke lie edinabarg geean aur soorat mean ek aspatal mean shamil hone ke lie 1894 mean bharat laut aeean. 1904 mean, bhikaji ki mrityu ho gee aur rukmabaee ne hiandoo paranpara mean vidhavaoan ki safed sa di pahani. 1918 mean rukmabaee ne mahila chikitsa seva mean shamil hone ke prastav ko kharij kar diya aur rajakot mean mahilaoan ke lie ek rajy aspatal mean shamil ho geean. unhoanne 1929-1930 mean mumbee mean sevanivritt hone ke pashchat paiantis sal ke lie mukhy chikitsa adhikari ke roop mean kary kiya. unhoanne sudhar ke lie apana kam jari rakha. 'pardah-isaki samapti ki avashyakata' ko prakashit kiya.
rukmabaee par film
rukmabaee ki kahani ko upanyas aur filmoan mean shamil kiya gaya hai. tanishtha chatarji, jo ki ek bharatiy abhinetri haian, unhoanne 'eangri iandiyan g aaudes' 'shaidoj aauph taim', 'parchd' aur 'd aauktar rukmabaee' jaisi filmoan mean apani abhinay kshamata ka loha manavaya hai. jab tanishtha jagaran film phestival mean hissa lene aee thian, tab unaki film 'd aauktar rukmabaee' pradarshit huee. film 'dekh iandiyan sarkas' ke lie nyooy aaurk film phestival mean sarvashreshth abhinetri ka khitab jit chukian tanishtha ne rukmabaee ki bhoomika nibhane ke lie apani taraph se poori taiyari ki aur kiradar ke sath nyay karane ki koshish ki. tanishtha chatarji ka kahana tha ki- "rukmabaee bharat ki pahali mahila d aauktar thian. unaka nidhan 1955 mean hi ho jane ke karan mujhe unase milane ka saubhagy to nahian mila, lekin apani bhoomika ki taiyari ke lie maianne unaki bayographi padhi. unaki kahani akarshit karati hai. vah mahilaoan ke lie preranasrot haian. maian khushakismat hooan ki mujhe unaki bhoomika nibhane ka mauka mila." thumb|250px|rukmabaee ke 153vean janm divas par jari googal-doodal
samman
aangrezoan ke jamane mean jab uchch shiksha kisi b de ya khas parivar ke log hi hasil kar pate the, aise vaqt mean sadharan parivar ki rukmabarhi ne ooanchi shiksha prapt karake daॅktari jaise kathin peshe ko chuna. jisake bad vah us jamane mean pahali bharatiy mahila d aauktar ban gayian. rukhmabaee ne apane jivanakal mean paiantis sal tak mukhy chikitsa adhikari ke roop mean kary kiya. kam umr mean vivah ho jane ke bad bhi rukhmabaee ne apani padhaee poori ki aur d aauktar banian. rukmabaee ke 153vean janm divas ke avasar par googal ne doodal banakar unhean sammanit kiya. doodal mean rukmabaee ko ek odasvi mahila ke roop mean dikhaya gaya hai aur unake as-pas marijoan ki seva mean lage karmachariyoan ko bhi dikhaya gaya hai.
mrityu
d aauktar rukmabaee ka nidhan 25 sitambar, 1955 ko hua.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ desh ki pahali mahila mahila d aauktar rakhamabaee ki 153vian jayanti par googal ne doodal se di shraddhaanjali (hiandi) inkhabar.com. abhigaman tithi: 22 navambar, 2017.
bahari k diyaan
- janean kyoan bataur kalakar kabhi santusht nahian ho sakati tanishtha chatarji
- pahali bharatiy mahila d aauktar rukhamabaee ke bal vivah se d aauktar banane tak ki kahani
- rukmabaee jinhoanne d aauktari ke lie pati ka ghar chho da