रोमन कलॅण्डर

eesa se 753 varsh pahale rom nagar ki sthapana ke samay roman sanvath prarambh hua jisake matr das mah v 304 din hote the. isake 53 sal bad vahaan ke samrat nooma pampisiyas ne janavari aur pharavari do mah aur jo dakar ise 355 dinoan ka bana diya. ee. poo. 46 mean jooliyas sizar ne ek sanshodhit panchaang nirmit kiya tha jisamean prati chauthe varsh 'lip varsh' ki vyavastha thi. parantu us panchaang ki gananaean sahi nahian rahian, kyoanki sanh 1582 mean 'vasantik vishuv' 21 march ko n hokar 10 march ko hua tha.

itihas

eesa ke janm se 46 varsh pahale tak rom samrajy mean roman kalॅndar prachalit tha. vah 1 march se praranbh hota tha. varsh mean keval 10 mah hote the -

1. martias,
2. eprilis,
3. meas,
4. joonias,
5. kviantilis,
6. saiksitilis,
7. septembar,
8. aktoobar,
9. navanbar tatha
10. disanbar.

sanshodhit panchaang

in 10 mahinoan ke varsh mean keval 304 din hote the. isake bad k dake ki sardi p dati thi aur tab koee vishesh kam nahian hota tha. lihaza 61 din ka samay chho d diya jata tha. mana jata hai ki rom ke samrat ‘numa paanpilias’ ne disanbar aur march mahinoan ke bich pharavari aur janavari mah jo de. isase varsh mean dinoan ki sankhya 354 ya 355 ho gee. har do varsh bad 22 ya 23 dinoan ka adhimas jo d kar 366 din ka varsh man liya jata tha. isamean sudhar kie jate rahe. bad mean kalaiandar ki gananaean chandrama ke bajay dinoan ke adhar par ki jane lagian. prithvi dvara soory ki parikrama ki ganana ke adhar par varsh mean dinoan ki sankhya 365.25 ho gee. is sava arthat ek chauthaee din se ganana mean b da bhram paida hone laga.

jooliyas sizar ke sudhar

rom ke shasak jooliyas sizar ne roman kalaiandar mean sudhar kiya. eesvi poorv 44 mean 'kviantilis mah' ka nam badal kar jooliyas sizar ke samman mean ‘julaee’ rakh diya gaya. jooliyas sijar ne kalaiandar ko sudharane mean misr ke khagolavid 'sosijenij' ki madad li. varsh 1 janavari se shuroo kiya gaya. varsh ka aranbh bahut pichh d chuka tha. isalie usane adesh diya ki eesvi poorv 46 mean 67 din jo d die jaean. is tarah ee.poo. 46 mean kul 445 din ho ge. isase bhraanti badh gee. isalie 445 dinoan ke us varsh ko ‘bhraanti varsh’ kaha jata hai. usane yah bhi adesh diya ki usake bad har chauthe varsh ko chho d kar pratyek varsh 365 din ka hoga. chautha varsh lip varsh hoga aur usamean 366 din hoange. pharavari ko chho d kar pratyek mah mean 31 ya 30 din hoange. pharavari mean 28 din hoange lekin lip varsh mean pharavari mean 29 din mane jaeange. anuman hai ki 8 eesvi poorv mean 'samrat aaugastas' ke nam par 'seksatilis mah' ka nam ‘agast’ rakh diya gaya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bahari k diyaan

• The Calendar
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sanbandhit lekh

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