लोकसभा अध्यक्ष

[[chitr:G.V.Mavalankar.jpg|250px|thumb|ganesh vasudev mavalankar
bharat ke pratham lokasabha adhyaksh]] lokasabha ka adhyaksh sansad ke nimn sadan ka sabhapati hota hai. 'lokasabha adhyaksh' ka pad bharatiy lokatantr mean ek mahattvapoorn sthan rakhata hai. adhyaksh pad ke bare mean kaha gaya hai ki sansad sadasy apane-apane nirvachan kshetr ka pratinidhitv karate haian, adhyaksh sadan ke hi poorn pradhikar ka pratinidhitv karata hai. vah us sadan ki garima aur shakti ka pratik hai jisaki vah adhyakshata karata hai. atah yah apeksha ki jati hai ki is uchch garima vale pad ka padadhikari ek aisa vyakti ho, jo sadan ke sabhi avirbhavoan mean usaka pratinidhitv kar sake. adhyaksh ko sauanpa gaya dayitv hai ki vah sansadiy jivan ke kisi bhi pahaloo ko najaraandaj nahian kar sakata hai. sabha mean usake karyakalapoan ki bariki se sanviksha hoti hai aur janasanchar madhyamoan mean inaka vyapak roop se bakhan kiya jata hai. sansad ki karyavahi ka dooradarshan par prasaran aranbh kiye jane se yah sabha ki din-pratidin ke karyakalapoan ko desh mean lakhoan-karo doan gharoan tak pahuancha deta hai jisase adhyaksh ki bhoomika aur adhik mahattvapoorn ho jati hai. yadyapi, adhyaksh sabha mean kabhi-kabhar hi bolata hai, parantu vah jab bhi kuchh bolata hai to sampoorn sadan ke lie bolata hai.

sansadiy lokatantr ka sanrakshak

adhyaksh ko sansadiy lokatantr ki paramparaoan ka vastavik sanrakshak mana jata hai. usaki anany sthiti ka chitran isi tathy se ho jata hai ki use hamare desh ke poorvata-adhipatr mean ek atyadhik ooancha sthan diya gaya hai aur usaka nam rashtrapati, up-rashtrapati aur pradhan mantri ke tatkal pashchath rakha gaya hai. bharat mean adhyaksh ke pad ko desh ke sanvidhan ke dvara lok sabha ke prakriya tatha kary sanchalan niyamoan tatha prathaoan aur paripatiyoan ke dvara sansadiy karyavahi ka sucharoo sanchalan mean usaki sahayata karane aur apane pad ki svatantrata aur nishpakshata ki raksha karane hetu paryapt shaktiyaan di gee haian. bharat ke sanvidhan mean yah pravadhan hai ki adhyaksh ke vetan tatha bhattoan par sansad mean matadan nahian kiya jaega aur ye bharat ki sanchit nidhi par bharit hoange.

adhyaksh ka karyakal

adhyaksh, is pad par nirvachit kiye jane ki tarikh se lekar jis lok sabha mean usaka nirvachan kiya gaya ho, usake bhang hone ke bad nee lok sabha ki pratham baithak ke thik pahale tak is par asin rahata hai. vah punah is pad par nirvachit ho sakata hai. lok sabha bhang hone ki sthiti mean yadyapi adhyaksh sansad sadasy nahian rahata hai parantu use apana pad nahian chho dana p data hai. adhyaksh kisi bhi samay upadhyaksh ko likhit soochana dekar apane pad se tyag-patr de sakata hai. adhyaksh ko usake pad se lok sabha mean upasthit sadasyoan dvara bahumat se parit sankalp dvara hi hataya ja sakata hai. is ashay se prastut sankalp mean kuchh shartean anivaryatah poori karani hoti haian jaise ki isamean lagae ge arop suspasht hone chahiye, isamean tark-vitark, nishkarsh, vyangyokti, laanchhan aur manahani sanbandhi koee kathan adi nahian hona chahie. yahi nahian, balki charcha bhi sankalp mean lagaye gaye aropoan tak hi simit rahani chahie. aise kisi sankalp ko prastut kiye jane ke kam se kam 14 din pahale is ashay ki soochana deni bhi avashyak hai.

adhyaksh ka chunav

bharatiy sansad ke nichale sadan, lok sabha mean, donoan pithasin adhikariyoan, adhyaksh aur upadhyaksh ka nirvachan, isake sadasyoan mean se sabha mean upasthit tatha matadan karane vale sadasyoan ke sadharan bahumat dvara kiya jata hai. vaise to adhyaksh ke nirvachan ke lie koee vishesh yogyata nirdharit nahian ki gee hai aur sanvidhan mean matr yah apekshit hai ki vah sabha ka sadasy hona chahie. parantu adhyaksh ka pad dharan karane vale vyakti ke lie sanvidhan, desh ke qanoon, prakriya niyamoan aur sansad ki paripatiyoan ki samajh hona ek mahattvapoorn gun mana jata hai. lok sabha adhyaksh ka nirvachan sabha ke jivan ki ek mahattvapoorn ghatana hoti hai. nav-gathit sabha ke pratham karyoan mean se ek kary adhyaksh ka nirvachan karana hota hai. samanyatah sattaroodh dal ke sadasy ko hi adhyaksh nirvachit kiya jata hai. tathapi, kee varshoan se ek svasth paripati vikasit huee hai jisake antargat sattaroodh dal sadan mean any daloan aur samoohoan ke netaoan ke sath anaupacharik vichar-vimarsh karane ke pashchath hi apana ummidavar ghoshit karata hai. is paripati se yah bat sunishchit hoti hai ki nirvachit hone ke bad adhyaksh sadan ke sabhi vargoan ka samman prapt karata hai. aise bhi udaharan haian jab koee sadasy sattaroodh dal athava sattaroodh gathabandhan mean se kisi ka bhi sadasy nahian tha, kiantu phir bhi use adhyaksh pad hetu nirvachit kiya gaya tha. ummidavar ke sanbandh mean ek bar nirnay le lie jane par amataur par pradhan mantri tatha sansadiy kary mantri dvara usake nam ka prastav kiya jata hai. yadi ek se adhik prastav prapt hote haian to unaki kramabaddh roop mean pravishti ki jati hai. yadi ek se adhik prastav prapt hote haian to unaki kramabaddh roop mean pravishti ki jati hai. yadi nav-gathit sabha ho to samayik adhyaksh us baithak ki adhyakshata karata hai jisamean adhyaksh ka chunav kiya jata hai. yadi lok sabha ke bad ke karyakal ke dauran adhyaksh ka chunav hota hai to upadhyaksh sabha ki adhyakshata karata hai. aise prastavoan ko jo prastut kiye jate haian aur jo vidhivat anumodit hoan, ek-ek karake usi kram mean rakha jata hai jis kram mean ve prastut kiye gaye hoan aur yadi avashyak ho to sabha mean mat vibhajan dvara phaisala kiya jata hai. yadi koee prastav svikrit ho jata hai to pithasin adhikari bad ke prastavoan ko rakhe bina hi ghoshana karega ki svikrit prastav mean prastavit sadasy ko sabha ka adhyaksh chun liya gaya hai. parinam ghoshit kie jane ke pashchath navanirvachit adhyaksh ko pradhan mantri aur vipaksh ke neta dvara adhyaksh asan tak le jaya jata hai. tatpashchath sabha mean sabhi rajanitik daloan aur samoohoan ke netaoan dvara adhyaksh ko badhaee di jati hai aur usake pratyuttar mean vah sabha mean dhanyavad bhashan deta hai aur isake bad naya adhyaksh apana karyabhar grahan karata hai

pithasin adhyaksh

lok sabha kaksh mean adhyaksh ka asan is prakar rakha gaya hai ki vah sabase alag dikhayi de aur apane is asan se adhyaksh samooche sadan par prabhavi drishti rakh sake. jahaan tak sabha ki karyavahi ka sanbandh hai, vah sanvidhan ke upabandhoan aur lok sabha ke prakriya tatha kary sanchalan niyamoan ke anusar karyavahi ka sanchalan karata hai. vah poorv adhyakshoan dvara die ge nirdeshoan, jinhean samay-samay par sankalit kiya jata hai, se bhi labhanvit hota hai. isake atirikt, lok sabha ke mahasachiv aur sachivalay ke varishth adhikari sansadiy karyakalapoan aur prakriya sanbandhi mamaloan mean adhyaksh ki sahayata karate haian. adhyaksh ki anupasthiti mean upadhyaksh unake karyoan ka nirvahan karata hai. adhyaksh aur upadhyaksh ki anupasthiti mean sabhapati talika ka koee sadasy sabha ki adhyakshata karata hai. adhyaksh ko apane adhikar kshetr ke aantargat ane vale prashasanik, nyayik aur viniyaman sanbandhi mamaloan mean anek karyoan ka nishpadan karana p data hai. use sanvidhan aur niyamoan ke aantargat tatha antarnihit roop se vyapak adhikar prapt haian. lok sabha ka paramparagat mukhiya aur usaka pramukh pravakta hone ke nate adhyaksh samast sadan ki samoohik ray ko abhivyakt karata hai. vastav mean sabha ke karyoan se sanbandhit pravadhanoan par unaka nirnay aur unaki vyakhya antim hoti hai. unaka nirnay aantim aur badhyakari hota hai tatha amataur par usake nirnay par n to koee prashn chihn lagaya ja sakata hai, aur n hi koee chunauti di ja sakati hai athava usaki alochana ki ja sakati hai.

adhyaksh ki prashasanik bhoomika

adhyaksh, lok sabha sachivalay ka pramukh hai aur yah sachivalay usake niyantran aur nideshoan ke adhin kary karata hai. sabha ke sachivalay karmiyoan, sansad parisar aur isake suraksha prabandhan mean adhyaksh ka pradhikar sarvopari hai. sabhi atithi, agantuk aur pres sanvadadata usake anushasan sanbandhi niyamoan aur adesh ke adhin hote haian tatha inamean se kisi ka bhi ullanghan karane par ullandhanakartta ko sansad bhavan parisar se nishkasan ya dirghaoan mean ane par nishchit ya anishchit avadhi ke lie rok lagae jane jaisi saja di ja sakati hai athava mamala adhik ganbhir hone par ise avamanana ya visheshadhikar hanan ka mamala manakar upayukt saja di ja sakati hai. adhyaksh ki anumati ke bina sansad bhavan mean koee bhi parivartan aur parivarddhan nahian kiya ja sakata tatha sansadiy sanpada mean kisi ne bhavan ka nirman nahian kiya ja sakata.

mahattv

bharat mean adhyaksh ka pad ek jivant aur gatishil sanstha hai jise sansad ke apane karttavyoan ke nirvahan mean ane vali vastavik avashyakataoan tatha samasyaoan ka samadhan karana p data hai. adhyaksh sabha ka sanvaidhanik aur aupacharik pramukh hota hai. vah sabha ka pramukh pravakta hota hai. pratinidhik lokatantr mean is sanstha ke mahattvapoorn sthan ke anuroop sabha ki karyavahi ke sanchalan ka uttaradayitv adhyaksh par hi hota hai. hamare sanvidhan-nirmataoan ne hamari lokataantrik vyavastha mean is pad ke mahatv ko svikar karake hi desh ki shasan pranali mean pramukh evan pratishthit padoan mean se ek ke roop mean is pad ko manyata pradan ki thi. bharat ke svatantrata andolan ke ek agrani neta evan bharatiy sanvidhan ke preranasrot, pandit javahar lal neharoo ne bharat mean adhyaksh pad ka sahi sandarbh dete hue kaha thaah

"adhyaksh sabha ka pratinidhi hai. vah sabha ki garima, sabha ki svatantrata ka pratinidhitv karata hai aur chooanki, sabha rashtr ka pratinidhitv karati hai isalie ek prakar se adhyaksh rashtr ki svatantrata aur svadhinata ka pratik ban jata hai. atev, yah uchit hi hai ki is pad ka samman evan svatantrata qayam rahe aur is par sadaiv asadharan yogyata evan nishpakshata vala vyakti hi asin ho."

isase spasht hai ki pratyek lok sabha ke kary-kal mean yah pad sarvadhik mahattvapoorn padoan mean se ek kyoan raha hai.

lokasabha adhyaksh ki bhoomika aur adhikar

• sanvidhan dvara di gee shaktiyoan ke jariye lokasabha ki prakriya v karyavahi ka sanchalan karana.
• sansadiy karyavahi ke sanchalan mean niyamoan prathaoan-paripatiyoan dvara sahayata karana.
• apane adhikar kshetr ke prashasanik nyayik v viniyaman sanbandhi mamaloan mean vibhinn karyoan ka ka nishpadan karana.
• lokasabha ka paranparagat mukhiya hone ke nate samast sadan ki samoohik ray ko abhivyakt karana.
• lokasabha ke karyoan se ju de pravadhani par usaka phaisala aur usaki vyakhya aantim v badhyakari hoti hai.
• usake nirnay par n to saval, n hi koee chunauti kh di ki ja sakati. alochana bhi nahian ki ja sakati.
• lokasabha ka pithasin adhikari hone ke nate pratyek paristhiti mean sansadiy shishtachar ka nirvahan karana usaka jimma hai.
• vah lok sabha sachivalay ka pramukh hai aur yah sachivalay usake niyantran aur nideshoan ke adhin kary karata hai.
• lokasabha ki karyavahi ka viniyaman.
• pithasin adhyksh hi tay karata hai ki koee prashn svikary hai ya nahian.
• vahi tay karata hai rashtrapati ke abhibhashan par dhanyavad prastav ke lie sanshodhan kis roop mean pesh kie jaean.
• kisi vidheyak par koee bhi sanshodhan pesh karane ke lie usaki anumati avashyak hai.
• sabha mean charchaoan ke bare mean vahi phaisala karata hai ki koee sadasy kab aur kitani der tak bolega.
• vah yah tay bhi karata hai ki kisi sadasy ki gee koee tippani sabha ki karyavahi mean shamil ki jae ya nahian.
• vah kisi sadasy ko kisi nirdharit avadhi ke lie sabha se chale jane ka nirdesh bhi de sakata hai.
• vahi sabha, sabha ki samitiyoan aur sadasyoan ke adhikaroan tatha visheshadhikaroan ka sanrakshan karata hai.
• vah dhan vidheyakoan ka pramanan karata hai aur aantim nirnay leta hai ki kaun se mamale der tak bolega
• lokasabha aur rajyasabha mean asahamati hone ki sthiti mean sanyukt baithak ki adhyakshata lokasabha adhyaksh hi karata hai.
• sansadiy daloan ko manyata pradan karane ke lie avashyak dishanirdesh nirdharit karata hai.
• lokasabha mean vipaksh ke manyata pradan karane ke bare mean nirnay leta hai.
• usake pas-badal ke adhar par kisi lokasabha sadasy ko ayogy thaharane ki shakti hai.
• adhyaksh sabha mean matadan ke dauran keval tabhi matadan karata hai jab paksh v vipaksh ke mat barabar ho jaean.

bharat ke ab tak lokasabha adhyakshoan ki soochi

kramaank	nam	karyakal	dal / parti	chitr
1	ji.vi. mavalankar	15 mee 1952 - 27 faravari 1956	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=ganesh vasudev mavalankar
2	em. e. ayyangar	8 march 1956 - 16 aprॅl 1962	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=em. e. ayyangar
3	saradar hukam sianh	17 aprॅl 1962 - 16 march 1967	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=saradar hukam sianh
4	nilam sanjiv reddi	17 march 1967 - 19 julaee 1969	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=nilam sanjiv reddi
5	ji. es. dhilh‍loan	8 agast 1969 - 1 disanbar 1975	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=guradayal sianh dhilh‍loan
6	bali ram bhagat	15 janavari 1976 - 25 march 1977	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=bali ram bhagat
7	nilam sanjiv reddi	26 march 1977 - 13 julaee 1977	janata parti	50px|center|link=nilam sanjiv reddi
8	ke. es. heg de	21 julaee 1977 - 21 janavari 1980	janata parti	50px|center|link=ke. es. heg de
9	balaram jakh d	22 janavari 1980 - 18 disanbar 1989	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=balaram jakh d
10	ravi ray	19 disanbar 1989 - 9 julaee 1991	janata parti	50px|center|link=ravi ray
11	shivaraj patil	10 julaee 1991 - 22 mee 1996	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=shivaraj patil
12	pi. e. sangama	25 mee 1996 - 23 march 1998	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=pi. e. sangama
13	ji.em.si. balayogi	24 march 1998 - 3 march 2002	telugu desham parti	50px|center|link=ji.em.si. balayogi
14	manohar joshi	10 mee 2002 - 2 joon 2004	shiv sena	50px|center|link=manohar joshi
15	somanath chatarji	4 joon 2004 - 30 mee 2009	bharatiy kamyunist parti (marksavadi)	50px|center|link=somanath chatarji
16	mira kumar	4 joon 2009 – 4 joon 2014	bharatiy rashtriy kaangres	50px|center|link=mira kumar
17	sumitra mahajan	6 joon 2014 – ab tak	bharatiy janata parti	50px|center|link=sumitra mahajan

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bahari k diyaan

• lokasabha adhyaksh karyalay