विषम समस्या -प्रेमचंद

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is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav"

mere daftar mean char chaparasi the, unamean ek ka nam garib tha. bahut hi sidha, b da ajnakari, apane kam mean chaukas rahanevala, ghu dakiyaan khakar chup rah janevala. yatha nam tatha gun, garib manushy tha. mujhe is daftar mean aye sal bhar ho gaya tha, magar maianne use ek din ke lie bhi gairahajir nahian paya tha. maian use nau baje daftar mean apani dari par baithe hue dekhane ka aisa adi ho gaya tha, mano vah bhi is imarat ka koee aang hai. itana saral hai ki kisi ki bat talana janata hi n tha. ek chaparasi musalaman tha. usase sara daftar darata hai, maloom nahian kyoan ? mujhe to isaka karan sivay usaki b di-b di batoan ke aur kuchh nahian maloom hota. usake kathananusar usake chachere bhaee ramapur riyasat mean kotaval the. use sarvasammati ne ‘kaji-saheb’ ki upadhi de rakhi thi, shesh do mahashay jati ke brahman the. unake ashirvad ka mooly unake kam se kahian adhik tha. ye tinoan kamachor, gustakh aur alasi the. koee chhota-sa bhi kam karane ko kahie to bina nak-bhauan siko de n karate the. klarkoan ko to kuchh samajhate hi n the ! keval b de baboo se kuchh darate; yadyapi kabhi-kabhi unase bhi beadabi kar baithate the. magar in sab durgunoan ke hote hue bhi daftar mean kisi ki mitti itani kharab nahian thi, jitani bechare garib ki. taraqqi ka avasar ata to ye tinoan nambar mar le jate, garib ko koee poochhata bhi n tha. aur sab das-das rupaye pate the, par bechara garib sat par hi p da hua tha. subah se sham tak usake pair ek kshan ke lie bhi nahian tikate the. yahaan tak ki tinoan chaparasi bhi us par krodh jatate aur oopar ki amadani mean use koee bhag n dete the. tis par bhi daftar ke sab, karmachari se lekar b de baboo tak usase chidhate the. usako kitani hi bar jurmana ho chuka tha aur daant-phatakar to nity ka vyavahar tha. isaka rahasy meri samajh mean kuchh nahian ata tha. mujhe us par daya ati thi aur apane baratav se maian yah dikhana chahata tha ki usaka adar meri drishti mean any tinoan chaparasiyoan se kam nahian hai. yahaan tak ki kee bar maian usake pichhe karmachariyoan se l d bhi chuka tha.

ek din b de baboo ne garib se apani mej saf karane ko kaha, vah turant mej saf karane laga. daivayog se jha dan ka jhataka laga to davat ulat gayi aur roshanaee mej par phail gayi. b de baboo yah dekhate hi jame se bahar ho gaye. usake donoan kan pak dakar khoob aianthe aur bharatavarsh ki sabhi prachalit bhashaoan se durvachan chun-chunakar use sunane lage. bechara garib aankhoan mean aansoo bhare chupachap moortivath sunata tha, mano usane koee hatya kar dali ho. mujhe b de baboo ka jara-si bat par itana bhayankar raudraroop dharan karana bura maloom hua. yadi kisi doosare chaparasi ne usase bhi b da aparadh kiya hota to bhi us par itana kathor vajraprahar n hota. maianne aangareji mean kaha- baboo sahab, yah anyay kar rahe haian, usane jan-boojh kar to roshanaee girayi nahian. isaka itana k da dand dena anauchity ki parakashtha hai.

baboo ji ne namrata se kaha- ap ise janate nahian, yah b da dusht hai.

‘maian to isaki koee dushtata nahian dekhata.’

‘ap abhi ise jane nahian. yah b da paji hai. isake ghar mean do haloan ki kheti hoti hai, hajaroan ka len-den karata hai, kee bhaiansean lagati haian, in batoan ka ise ghamand hai.’

‘ghar ki dasha aisi hi hoti to apake yahaan chaparasigiri kyoan karata ?’

b de baboo ne gambhir bhav se kaha- vishvas manie, b da podha adami hai, aur bala ka makkhichoos hai.

‘yadi aisa hi ho to bhi koee aparadh nahian hai.’

‘abhi ap yahaan kuchh din aur rahie to apako maloom ho jayaga ki yah kitana kamina adami hai.’

ek doosare mahashay bol uthe- bhaee sahab, isake ghar manoan doodh hota hai, manoan juar, chana, matar hoti hai, lekin isaki kabhi itani himmat nahian hoti ki tho da-sa daftaravaloan ko bhi de de. yahaan in chijoan ke lie taras-taras kar rah jate haian. to phir kyoan n ji jale aur yah sab kuchh isi naukari ke badaulat hua hai nahian to pahale isake ghar mean bhooni bhaang tak n thi.

b de baboo sakucha kar bole- yah koee bat nahian. usaki chiz hai chahe kisi ko de ya n de.

maian isaka marm kuchh-kuchh samajh gaya. bola- yadi aise tuchchh hriday ka adami hai to vastav mean pashu hi hai. maian yah n janata tha.

ab b de baboo bhi khule, sankoch door hua. bole- in batoan se ubar to hota nahian, keval denevale ki sahridayata prakat hoti hai aur asha bhi usi se ki jati hai jo is yogy hai. jisamean kuchh samarthy hi nahian usase koee asha bhi nahian karata. nange se koee kya lega ?

rahasy khul gaya. b de baboo ne saral bhav se sari avastha darsha di. samriddhi ke shatru sab hote haian, chhote hi nahian, b de bhi. hamari sasural ya nanihal daridr ho to ham usase koee asha nahian rakhate. kadachith ham use bhool jate haian, kiantu ve samarthyavan ho kar hamean n poochhean, hamare yahaan tij aur chauth n bhejean to hamare kaleje par saanp lotane lagata hai.

ham apane kisi nirdhan mitr ke pas jayean to usake ek bi de pan hi par santusht ho jate haian, par aisa kaun manushy hai jo kisi dhani mitr ke ghar se bina jalapan kiye hue laute aur sada ke lie usaka tiraskar n karane lage. sudama krishna ke ghar se yadi nirash lautate to kadachith ve unake shishupal aur jarasandh se bhi b de shatru hote.

kee din pichhe maianne garib se poochha- kyoan ji, tumhare ghar kuchh kheti-bari hoti hai ?

garib ne dinabhav se kaha- haan sarakar, hoti hai, apake do gulam haian. vahi karate haian.

maianne poochha gayean-bhaiansean lagati haian ?

‘haan huzoor, do bhaiansean lagati haian ? gay abhi gabhin hai. ap logoan ki daya se pet ki rotiyaan chal jati haian.’

‘daftar ke baboo logoan ki bhi kabhi kuchh khatir karate ho ?’

garib ne dinatapoorn ashchary se kaha- huzoor, maian sarakar logoan ki kya khatir kar sakata hooan. kheti mean jau, chana, makka, juvar, ghasapat ke sivay aur kya hota hai ! ap log raja haian, yah moti-jhoti chizean kis muanh se apako bheant karooan. ji darata hai ki kahian koee daant n baithe, ki take ke adami ki itani majal ! isi mare baboo ji kabhi hiyav nahian p data. nahian to doodh- dahi ki kaun bisat thi. muanh ke layaq bi da to hona chahie.

‘bhala ek din kuchh lake do to; dekho log kya kahate haian. shahar mean ye chizean kahaan muyassar hoti haian. in logoan ka ji bhi to kabhi-kabhi moti-jhoti chijoan par chala karata hai.’

‘jo sarakar koee kuchh kahe to ? kahian sahab se shikayat kar dean to maian kahian ka n rahooan.’

‘isaka mera jimma hai, tumhean koee kuchh n kahega; koee kuchh kahega bhi, to maian samajha dooanga.’

‘huzoor, ajakal to matar ki phasil hai aur kolhoo bhi kh de ho gaye haian. isake sivay to aur kuchh bhi nahian hai.’

‘bas to yahi chizean lao.’

‘kuchh ulti-sidhi p di to ap hi ko sanbhalana p dega.’

doosare din garib aya to usake sath tin hrisht-pusht yuvak bhi the. do ke siroan par do tokariyaan thian. unamean matar ki phaliyaan bhari huee thian. ek ke sir par mataka tha jisamean ookh ka ras tha. tinoan yuvak ookh ka ek-ek gattha kaankh mean dabaye hue the. garib a kar chupake se baramade ke samane pe d ke niche kh da ho gaya. daftar mean use ane ka sahas nahian hota tha mano koee aparadhi hai. vriksh ke niche kh da hi tha ki itane mean daftar ke chaparasiyoan aur any karmachariyoan ne use gher liya. koee ookh le kar choosane laga. kee adami tokaroan par toot p de. itane mean b de baboo bhi daftar mean a pahuanche. yah kautuk dekh kar uchch svar se bole yah kya bhi d laga rakhi hai ! chalo apana-apana kam dekho.

maianne ja kar unake kan mean kaha- garib apane ghar se yah saugat laya hai, kuchh ap lijie, kuchh ham logoan ko baant dijie.

b de baboo ne kritrim krodh dharan karake kaha- kyoan garib, tum yah chizean yahaan kyoan laye ? abhi lauta le jao, nahian to maian abhi sahab se kah dooanga. kya ham logoan ko marabhukh samajh liya ?

garib ka rang u d gaya. thar-thar kaanpane laga. muanh se ek shabd bhi nahian nikala. meri or aparadhi netroan se takane laga.

maianne apane or se kshama-prarthana ki. bahut kahane-sunane par baboo sahab raji hue. ab chijoan mean se adhi apane ghar bhijavayian, adhi mean any logoan ke hisse lagaye. is prakar yah abhinay samapt hua.

ab daftar mean garib ka man hone laga. use nity ghu dakiyaan n milatian. din bhar dau dana n p data. karmachariyoan ke vyangy aur apane sahavargiyoan ke katu vaky n sunane p date. chaparasi log svayan usaka kam kar dete. usake nam mean tho da-sa parivartan hua. vah garib se garibadas bana. svabhav mean bhi kuchh tabadili paida huee. dinata ki jagah atm-gaurav ka udbhav hua. tatparata ki jagah alasy ne li. vah ab kabhi-kabhi der se daftar ata. kabhi-kabhi bimari ka bahana karake ghar baith rahata. usake sabhi aparadh ab kshamy the. use apani pratishtha ka gur hath lag gaya. vah ab dasavean-paanchavean din doodh, dahi adi la kar b de baboo ko bheant kiya karata. vah devata ko santusht karana sikh gaya. saralata ke badale ab usamean kaaniyaanpan a gaya. ek roj b de baboo ne use sarakari pharmoan ka parsal chhu dane ke lie steshan bheja. kee b de-b de puliande the, thele par aye. garib ne thelevaloan se barah ana mazadoori tay ki thi. jab kagaz daftar mean pahuanch gaye to usane baboo se barah ane paise thelevale ko dene ke lie vasool kiye. lekin daftar se kuchh door ja kar usaki niyat badali, apani dastoori maangane laga, thelavala raji n hua. is par garib ne big d kar sab paise jeb mean rakh liye aur dhamaka kar bola- ab ek phooti kau di n dooanga, jao jahaan chaho phariyad karo. dekhean hamara kya bana lete ho.

thelevale ne jab dekha ki bheant n dene se jama hi gayab huee jati hai to ro-dhokar char ane paise dene ko raji hua. garib ne athanni usake havale ki aur barah ane ki rasid likhava kar usake aangoothe ka nishan lagavaye aur rasid daftar mean dakhil ho gayi.

vah kautoohal dekhakar maian dang rah gaya. yah vahi garib hai jo kee mahine pahale satyata aur dinata ki moorti tha. jise kabhi any chaparasiyoan se bhi apane hisse ki rakam maangane ka sahas n hota ! doosaroan ko khilana bhi n janata tha, khane ki zikr hi kya. mujhe yah svabhavaantar dekh kar atyant khed hua. isaka uttaradayitv kisake sir tha mere sir. maianne use dhoortata ka pahala path padhaya tha. mere chitt mean prashn utha, is kaaniyaanpan se, jo doosaroan ka gala dabata hai, vah bholapan kya bura tha, jo doosaroan ka anyay sah leta tha. vah ashubh muhoort tha jab use maianne pratishtha-prapti ka marg dikhaya, kyoanki vastav mean vah usake patan ka bhayankar marg tha. maianne bahy pratishtha par usaki atm-pratishtha ka balidan kar diya.

sanbandhit lekh

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