सार्थक शब्द (व्याकरण)

• kisi nishchit arth ka bodh karane vale shabdoan ko sarthak shabd kaha jata hai.
• jis prakar mohan, ghar, rat, ana, niche, oopar adi sarthak shabd haian.

shabd bhed

vyakaran ke anusar sarthak shabdoan ke ath bhed hote haian-

• inamean se pratham char prakar ke shabd- sanjna, sarvanam, visheshan aur kriya vikari hote haian, kyoanki ye shabd liang, vachan, karak adi se vikrit ho jate haian.

sanjna

mukhy lekh : sanjna (vyakaran)

• kisi vyakti, sthan, padarth aur bhav ka bodh karane vale shabdoan ko 'sanjna' kahate haian.
• sanjna ke tin bhed hote haian- vyaktivachak, jativachak aur bhavavachak.

sarvanam

mukhy lekh : sarvanam

• jo shabd sanjna ke sthan par prayog mean ate haian, unhean 'sarvanam' kahate haian.
• sarvanam ke chh: bhed hote haian- purushavachak, nijavachak, nishchayavachak, anishchavachak, prashnavachak aur sambandhavachak.

visheshan

mukhy lekh : visheshan

• jo sanjna ya sarvanam ki visheshata prakat karate haian, unhean visheshan kahate haian.
• visheshan ke char pramukh bhed hote haian- gunavachak, sankhyavachak, parimanavachak, sanketavachak.

kriya

mukhy lekh : kriya

• jin shabdoan mean se kisi kary ya vyapar ke hone ya kiye jane ka bodh hota hai, unhean kriya kahate haian. jaise, uthana, baithana, sona, jagana, ana, jana, khana, pina adi.
• samany roop se kriya ke do bhed hote haian- sakarmak kriya aur akarmak kriya.
• parantu isake alava paanch aur bhed hote haian- sanyukt kriya, apoorn kriya, preranarthak kriya, sahayak kriya aur poorvakalik kriya.
• inake atirikt shesh char prakar ke shabd- kriyavisheshan, sambandhabodhak, samuchyabodhak aur vismayadibodhak avikari hote haian, kyoanki ye liang, vachan, karak adi se kabhi vikrit nahian hote haian. inako 'avyay' bhi kaha jata hai.

kriyavisheshan

mukhy lekh : kriyavisheshan

• jin avikari shabdoan se kriya ki visheshata ka bodh hota hai, ve kriyavisheshan kahalate haian.

sambandhabodhak

mukhy lekh : sambandhabodhak

• jo avikari shabd sanjna ya sarvanam shabdoan ke pahale ya pichhe akar usaka sambandh vaky ke kisi any shabd se karate haian, unhean sambandhabodhak kahate haian.

samuchyabodhak

mukhy lekh : samuchyabodhak

• jo avikari shabd do shabdo, do vakyoan athava do vaky khandoan ko jo date haian, unhean samuchyabodhak kahate haian.

vismayadibodhak

mukhy lekh : vismayadibodhak

• jo avikari shabd harsh, shok, ashchary, ghrina, krodh, tiraskar adi bhavoan ka bodh karate haian, unhean vismayadibodhak kahate haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

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