सालिम अली
salim ali
| |
| poora nam | salim moizuddin abdul ali |
| any nam | bardamain aauf iandiya |
| janm | 12 navambar 1896 |
| janm bhoomi | b aaumbe (ab mumbee) |
| mrityu | 27 julaee, 1987 |
| mrityu sthan | mumbee |
| abhibhavak | moizuddin abdul aur zinat-an-nisa |
| pati/patni | tahamina ali |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | pakshi vijnani aur prakritivadi |
| mukhy rachanaean | 'd buk aauf iandiyan bards', 'haindabuk aauf d bards aauf iandiya end pakistan', 'd phal aauf e spairo' adi |
| khoj | bina kasht pahuanchae chidi़yoan ko pak dane ki prasiddh goang eand phayar v dekkan vidhi salim ali ki hi khoj hai jinhean aj bhi pakshi jagat mean prayog kiya jata hai. |
| shiksha | snatak (jantu vijnan) |
| puraskar-upadhi | padm bhooshan, padm vibhooshan |
| vishesh yogadan | bharatapur pakshi vihar ki sthapana mean pramukh bhoomika nibhaee |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| sanbandhit lekh | salim ali pakshi abhayarany gova, salim ali pakshi vijnan evan prakritik itihas keandr |
| any janakari | gauratalab hai ki inake nam par b aaumbe naichural histri sosaiti aur paryavaran evan van mantralay dvara koyambatoor ke nikat anaikatti namak sthan par salim ali pakshivijnan evan prakritik itihas kendr sthapit kiya gaya. |
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salim ali (aangrezi:Salim Ali, poora nam: 'salim moizuddin abdul ali', janm: 12 navambar, 1896; mrityu: 27 julaee, 1987) ek bharatiy pakshi vijnani aur prakritivadi the. salim ali ko bharat ke bardamain ke roop mean jana jata hai. salim ali bharat ke aise pahale vyakti the, jinhoanne bharat bhar mean vyavasthit roop se pakshi sarvekshan ka ayojan kiya aur pakshiyoan par likhi unaki kitaboan ne bharat mean pakshi-vijnan ke vikas mean kafi madad ki hai. sanh 1906 mean das varsh ke balak salim ali ki atoot jijnasa ne hi pakshi shastri ke roop mean unhean aj vishv mean manyata dilaee hai. pakshiyoan ke sarvekshan mean 65 sal gujar dene vale is shakhs ko pariandoan ka chalata phirata vishvakosh kaha jata tha. padm vibhooshan se navaje is 'pariandoan ke masiha' ke prakriti sanrakshan ki disha mean kie ge prayasoan ko kabhi bhulaya nahian ja sakata hai.
jivan parichay
salim moizuddin abdul ali ka janm 12 navambar, 1896 ko b aaumbe (ab mumbee), british iandiya mean ek sulemani bohara muslim parivar mean hua. ye apane bhaee-bahanoan mean sabase chhote the. inake janm ke ek varsh bad pita moizuddin ka aur tin varsh bad mata zinat-an-nisa ka dehaant ho gaya. unaki paravarish mama amaruddin aur auladahin mami hamida begam ki dekharekh mean khetava di, muanbee mean ek madhyam-vargiy parivar mean huee. inaka sara bachapan chi diyoan ke bich hi gujara. ek gauraiya ki garadan ke pile dhabboan ki jijnasa unhean muanbee ki 'naichural histri sosaiti' ke sachiv dablyoo. es. milard ke pas le gee. yah mulaqat unake jivan ka ek ahamh mo d sabit huee. salim ko pahali bar pakshiyoan ki itani sari prajati hone ki janakari huee. yahian se unaka jhukav pariandoan ki or hua aur unhoanne inake bare mean sab kuchh janane ki than li. isake lie milard ne unaki bahut madad ki. unhoanne salim ko sosaiti ke pakshiyoan ke sangrah se parichit karaya. sath hi pakshiyoan se sanbandhit kuchh pustakoan se bhi avagat karaya. edavard haimiltan aitaken ki pustak 'k aauman bards aauf b aaumbe' ne salim ko pakshiyoan ke sangrah ke lie prerit kiya. salim ke pas vishvavidyalay ki digri nahian thi. isaka sabase b da karan tha unaka ganit mean kamazor hona. halaanki k aaulej mean unhoanne shiksha prapt ki thi, lekin digri nahian le pae the.[1]
prakriti premi
salim ali ki bachapan se hi prakriti ke svachchhand vatavaran mean ghoomane ki ruchi rahi. isi karan ve apani padhaee bhi poori tarah se nahian kar paye. b da hone par salim ali ko b de bhaee ke sath usake kam mean madad karane ke lie barma (vartaman myaanmar) bhej diya gaya. yahaan par bhi inaka man jangal mean tarah-tarah ke parindoan ko dekhane mean lagata. ghar lautane par salim ali ne pakshi shastri vishay mean prashikshan liya aur banbee ke 'nechural histri sosaiti' ke myooziyam mean gaid ke pad par niyukt ho gaye. phir jarmani jakar inhoanne uchch prashikshan prapt kiya. lekin ek sal bad desh lautane par inhean jnat hua ki inaka pad khatm ho chuka hai. inaki patni ke pas tho de-bahut paise the. jisake karan banbee bandaragah ke pas kihim namak sthan par ek chhota sa makan lekar salim ali rahane lage. yah makan charoan taraf se pe doan se ghira hua tha. us sal varsha zyada hone ke karan inake ghar ke pas ek pe d par baya pakshi ne ghauansala banaya. salim ali tin-char mah tak baya pakshi ke rahane-sahane ka adhyayan rozana ghantoan karate rahate.
bardamain aauf iandiya
duniya mean aise kam hi log haian, jo doosaroan ke lie jite haian aur iansani jamat se alag jivoan ke bare mean sochane vale to virale hi haian. aisa hi ek virala vyaktitv mashahoor prakritivadi salim ali ka tha, jinhoanne apani poori ziandagi pakshiyoan ke lie laga di. kahate haian ki salim moizuddin abdul ali pariandoan ki zuban samajhate the aur isi khoobi ki vajah se unhean bardamain aauf iandiya kaha gaya. unhoanne pakshiyoan ke adhyayan ko am janamanas se jo da aur kee pakshi viharoan ki tamir mean sabase age rahe. koyambatoor sthit 'salim ali pakshi vijnan evan prakriti vijnan keandr' (esesioen) ke nideshak d aauktar pi.e. ajij ne bataya salim ali ek dooradarshi vyakti the. unhoanne pakshi vijnan mean bahut b da yogadan diya. kaha jata hai ki vah pakshiyoan ki bhasha bakhoobi samajhate the.[2] thumb|left|'d phal aauf e spairo'
pakshiyoan ke dost
pakshiyoan ki alag-alag prajatiyoan ke adhyayan ke lie ve bharat ke kee kshetroan ke jangaloan mean ghoome. kumaooan ke taraee kshetr se unhoanne baya ki ek aisi prajati dhooandh nikali jo lupt ghoshit ho chuki thi. salim ali ne pakshiyoan ko itana nazadiki se pahachana ki ve pakshiyoan ke sath ve unaki bhasha mean bat bhi kar lete the. saiberiyaee sarasoan ki ek-ek adat ko salim ali achchhi tarah pahachanate the. sarasoan par adhyayan kar unhoanne hi bataya tha ki saiberiyan saras maansahari nahian hote, ve pani ke kinare par jami kaee khate haian. pakshiyoan ke sath salim ali ka vyavahar dostana tha, chidi़yoan ko bina kasht pahuanchae pak dane ke 100 se zyada tariqe unake pas the. bina kasht pahuanchae chidi़yoan ko pak dane ki prasiddh 'goang eand phayar' v 'dekkan vidhi' salim ali ki hi khoj hai jinhean aj bhi pakshi jagat mean prayog kiya jata hai.[3]
vishesh yogadan
'barlin vishvavidyalay' mean unhoanne prasiddh jiv vaijnanik iravin stresamain ke tahat kam kiya. vah varsh 1930 mean bharat laute aur phir pakshiyoan par teji se kam shuroo kiya. azadi ke bad salim 'baanbe nechural histri sosayati' (bienesach) ke pramukh logoan mean rahe. unhoanne bharatapur pakshi vihar ki sthapana mean pramukh bhoomika nibhaee.[2]
lekhan kary
san 1930 mean inhoanne apane adhyayan par adharit lekh prakashit karaye. in lekhoan ke karan hi salim ali ko 'pakshi shastri' ke roop mean manyata prapt huee. salim ali ne kuchh pustakean bhi likhi haian. salim ali jagah jagah jakar pariandoan ke bare mean janakari ekatr karate rahate the. ekatr janakariyoan ke adhar par taiyar huee unaki pustak 'd buk aauf iandiyan bards' ne 1941 mean prakashit hone ke bad rik aaurd bikri ki. yah pustak pariandoan ke bare mean janakariyoan ka mahasamudr thi. unhoanne ek doosari pustak 'haindabuk aauf d bards aauf iandiya end pakistan' bhi likhi, jisamean sabhi prakar ke pakshiyoan, unake gunoan-avagunoan, pravasi adatoan adi se sanbandhit anek vyapak janakariyaan di gee thi. isake alava unaki likhi pustak 'd phal aauf e spairo' bhi mahattvapoorn hai, jisamean unhoanne apane jivan ki ghati ghatanaoan ka zikr kiya hai.[1]
samman aur puraskar
[[chitr:Salim-Ali-Stamp.jpg|thumb|salim ali ke samman mean jari dak tikat]] prakriti vijnan aur pakshiyoan par adhyayan mean maharat rakhane vale salim ali ko desh-videsh ke pratishthit sammanoan se navaja gaya. aligadh muslim vishvavidyalay aur dilli vishvavidyalay jaise sansthanoan ne unhean d aauktaret ki manad upadhi se navaja. prakriti vijnan aur pakshiyoan par kie gaye mahattvapoorn karyoan ke lie unhean bharat sarakar ki or se 1958 mean padm bhooshan v 1976 mean padm vibhooshan jaise desh ke b de sammanoan se sammanit kiya gaya.
nidhan
27 julaee 1987 ko 91 sal ki umr mean d aau. salim ali ka nidhan hua. salim ali bharat mean ek 'pakshi adhyayan v shodh kendr' ki sthapana karana chahate the. gauratalab hai ki inake nam par 'b aaumbe naichural histri sosaiti' aur 'paryavaran evan van mantralay' dvara koyambatoor ke nikat 'anaikatti' namak sthan par salim ali pakshivijnan evan prakritik itihas kendr sthapit kiya gaya.[3]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh