सूरदास की भक्ति भावना
sooradas ki bhakti bhavana
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| poora nam | mahakavi sooradas |
| janm | sanvath 1540 vikrami (sanh 1483 ee.) athava sanvat 1535 vikrami (sanh 1478 ee.) |
| janm bhoomi | runakata, agara |
| mrityu | sanvath 1642 vikrami (sanh 1585 ee.) athava sanvath 1620 vikrami (sanh 1563 ee.) |
| mrityu sthan | parasauli |
| abhibhavak | ramadas (pita) |
| karm bhoomi | braj (mathura-agara) |
| karm-kshetr | sagun bhakti kavy |
| mukhy rachanaean | soorasagar, soorasaravali, sahity-lahari, nal-damayanti, byahalo adi |
| vishay | bhakti |
| bhasha | braj bhasha |
| puraskar-upadhi | mahakavi |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | sooradas ji vatsaly ras ke samrat mane jate haian. unhoanne shrriangar aur shant rasoan ka bhi b da marmasparshi varnan kiya hai. |
| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
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‘bhakti’ shabd ki nirmiti ‘bhajh’ dhatu mean ‘kvinh’ pratyay lagane se huee hai, jisaka arth hota hai- 'eeshvar ke prati seva bhav.' shandily bhakti-sootr mean bhi yahi bat duharaee gayi hai ki 'saparanuraktirishvare' arthat 'eeshvar mean par anurakti hi bhakti hai.' naradabhaktisootr ke anusar- "bhakti eeshvar ke prati param-premaroopa aur amrit svaroop hai." sooradas ke guru vallabhachary ne bhi bhakti ke vishay mean apana prakat kiya hai ki 'eeshvar mean sudridh aur sanat sneh hi bhakti hai.'
sooradas ki bhakti
sooradas vallabhachary ke shishy the. unake kavy mean vallabhachary dvara pratipadit krishna svaroop ki pratishtha svabhavik roop se huee hai. sooradas ki bhakti mean aantahkaran ki prerana tatha aantar ki anubhooti ki pradhanata hai. unake kavy mean abhivyakt bhakti-bhavana ke do charan dekhe ja sakate haian-
- pahala charan vallabhachary se milane ke poorv ka hai, jisamean sooradas vallabh sanpraday mean dikshit hone se poorv dainyabhav par adharit bhakti ke padoan ki rachana kar rahe the.
- doosara charan vallabhachary se milane ke bad aranbh hota hai, jab sooradas vallabh sanpraday mean dikshit hokar pushtimargiy bhakti par adharit bhakti ke padoan ki rachana ki or pravrit hue. sooradas ki bhakti bhavana mean is prakar ke padoan ka bahuly dekha ja sakata hai.
dasy bhav bhakti
bhakti moolat: bhavodgar hai. sooradas ne apani bhakti mean eeshvar ke samaksh anek prakar ki vinay bhavana vyakt ki hai. sooradas ne svayan ko apane eeshvar ka tuchchh sevak manate hue unake samaksh dainy prakat kiya hai. is karan sooradas ki bhakti ‘dasy bhav’ ki bhakti kahalati hai, jisamean bhakt svayan ko apane eeshvar ka das manakar unaki seva aur bhakti karata hai. is sandarbh mean ek kahavat prachalit hai ki sooradas jab gaooghat par rahate the to unhean vahaan ek din vallabhachary ke ane ka pata chala. sooradas uchit samay par vallabhachary se milane ge aur unake adesh par apane rachit do pad unhean gakar bhi sunae-
‘hauan hari sab patitan kau nayak’
evan
‘prabhu! hauan sab patitan kau tikau.’
vallabhachary ne sooradas ke in dinatapoorn padoan ko suna aur unhoanne sooradas se kaha ki-
"jo soor hvai kai aiso ghighiyat kahe ko hai? kuchh bhagavath lila varnan karau."
is par sooradas ne vallabhachary se kaha ki- "prabhu! mujhe to bhagavan ki lilaoan ka kianchit bhi jnan nahian." aisa sunakar vallabhachary ne sooradas ko apane sanpraday mean svikarate hue pushtimarg mean dikshit karane ka nishchay kiya. unhoanne sooradas ko shrimadbhagavat ke dasham skandh ki banaee huee apani anukramanika sunaee, jisake pashchath sooradas ne vinay ke padoan ka gan chho dakar pushtimargi paripati ke anusar eeshvar ki bhakti ka varnan karana aranbh kar diya. bhakti bhavana ke pratham charan mean sooradas ‘eeshvar-bhakti’ ko is sansar mean vyapt bhay evan tap se bahar nikalane ka ek matr rasta manate haian. unaka anurag eeshvar ke prati apratim hai, isalie saansarikata ke prati unhoanne virag bhav vyakt kiya hai. saansarik sukhoan ki nianda karate hue sooradas ne sabhi saansarik karyoan, sukhoan aur avasthaoan ko doshapoorn mana hai. unaka manana tha ki nishpaksh aankhoan se dekhane par hi apane bhitar ki achchhaeeyaan aur buraeeyaan dikhaee p dati haian aur khud ke prati barati gayi yahi imanadari bhakt ke hriday mean dainy bhav ko jagati hai. isi karan sooradas ke vinay varnit in aranbhik padoan mean dainy bhavoan ki pradhanata hai. eeshvar ke gunoan ki adhikata aur unake samaksh apani laghuta ka bhav unhoanne soorasagar ke aranbh mean bar-bar prakat kiya haian. ve kahate haian ki agar unhoanne eeshvar-bhakti nahian ki to unaka is sansar mean janm lena hi vyarth hai-
"sooradas bhagavant bhajan binu dharani janani bojh kat mari"
"sooradas prabhu tumhare bhajan binu jaise sookar svan-siyar"
sooradas ka bhakt hriday itihas aur puran ke anek uddharanoan ke madhyam se bhaktoan par eeshvari kripa ke mahattv ka pratipadan karata hai. ahilya, ganika, ajamil, gaj, draupadi, prahlad adi udaharanoan ke madhyam se sooradas yah sthapit karate haian ki kaise eeshvar apane bhaktoan par kripa ki bauchhar barasate haian. sooradas ka bhakt hriday aisa smaran kar svayan ko santusht karata hai-
"gaj ganika gautam tiy tari. sooradas sath saran tumhari."
sooradas ka manana tha ki eeshvar apane bhaktoan par asim kripa karate haian. isalie unhoanne eeshvar ko bhakti vatsal aur hitakari kaha hai-
"aise kanh bhakt hitakari, prabhu tero vachan bharosau saanchau."
apani durdasha ke varnan dvara sooradas prabhu sharan mean jane ki ichchha bar-bar vyakt karate haian-
"abaki rakhi lehu bhagavana"
sooradas ke is charan ki bhakti par sant kaviyoan ki vani ka bhi prabhav dikhaee p data hai. is daur mean maya se sanbandhit anek padoan ki rachana karate hue unhoanne maya ki bhartsana thik sant kaviyoan jaisi hi ki hai. yadyapi age chalakar unhoanne nirgun bhakti par gahara prahar bhi kiya, lekin unaki bhakti bhavana ke niroopan ke is aranbhik charan mean un par sant kaviyoan ka prabhav p da. kul milakar 'sansar se virag aur eeshvar se rag' yahi sooradas ki aranbhik daur ki bhakti ka mool adhar raha hai, jise unhoanne b di tallinata ke sath vyakt kiya hai.
| left|30px|link=sooradas ka kavy|pichhe jaean | sooradas ki bhakti bhavana | right|30px|link=sooradas ki mrityu|age jaean |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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