अंतरराष्ट्रीय महिला दिवस

aantararashtriy mahila divas
aantararashtriy mahila divas|200px|center
vivaran	is din ko sampoorn vishv ki mahilaean desh, jat-pat, bhasha, rajanitik, saanskritik bhedabhav se pare ekajut hokar manati haian.
tithi	8 march
sthapana	1910
uddeshy	yah din mahilaoan ko unaki kshamata, samajik, rajanitik v arthik taraqqi dilane v un mahilaoan ko yad karane ka din hai jinhoanne mahilaoan ko unake adhikar dilane ke lie athak prayas kie.
vishesh	sanyukt rashtr har bar mahila divas par ek thim rakhata hai. varsh 2022 ki thim 'jeandar ikvaliti tude ph aaur e sastenebal tumaro' (Gender Equality Today For A Sustainable Tomorrow) hai. is thim ka arth hai ki ek sthaee aur saman kal ke lie samaj mean laiangik samanata zaroori hai.
any janakari	duniya ke pramukh vikasit evan vikasashil deshoan mean bhagadau d aur apadhapi se hone vale tanav ke bare mean kie ge sarvekshan ke anusar bharat ki sarvadhik mahilaean tanav mean rahati haian. sarve mean 87 pratishat bharatiy mahilaoan ne kaha ki zyadatar samay ve tanav mean rahati haian aur 82 pratishat ka kahana hai ki unake pas aram karane ke lie vaqt nahian hota.
bahari k diyaan	aantararashtriy mahila divas
adyatan‎	13:16, 8 march 2022 (IST)

aantararashtriy mahila divas (aangrezi: International Women's Day) har varsh '8 march' ko vishvabhar mean manaya jata hai. is din sampoorn vishv ki mahilaean desh, jat-pat, bhasha, rajanitik, saanskritik bhedabhav se pare ekajut hokar is din ko manati haian. mahila divas par stri ki prem, sneh v matritv ke sath hi shaktisanpann stri ki moorti samane ati hai. ikkisavian sadi ki stri ne svayan ki shakti ko pahachan liya hai aur kafi had tak apane adhikaroan ke lie l dana sikh liya hai. aj ke samay mean striyoan ne siddh kiya hai ki ve ek-doosare ki dushman nahian, sahayogi haian.

aantarrashtriy mahila divas 2022 ki thim 'jeandar ikvaliti tude ph aaur e sastenebal tumaro' (Gender Equality Today For A Sustainable Tomorrow) hai. is thim ka arth hai ki ek sthaee aur saman kal ke lie samaj mean laiangik samanata zaroori hai. is varsh mahila divas ka rang parpal, grin aur saphed hai.

sanyukt rashtr har bar mahila divas par ek thim rakhata hai. varsh 2021 ki thim hai- chunauti ko chuno. yah thim is vichar se chuna gaya hai ki badalati huee duniya ek chunautipoorn duniya hai aur vyaktigat taur par ham sab apane vichar aur kary ke lie zimmedar haian. thumb|left|'aantararashtriy mahila divas' manati huee mahilaean

“nari tum keval shraddha ho, vishvas rajat nag pag tal mean.
piyoosh srot si baha karo, jivan ke suandar samatal mean..“

thumb|left|'aantararashtriy mahila divas'

itihas

itihas ke anusar am mahilaoan dvara samanadhikar ki yah l daee shuroo ki gee thi. lisisatrata namak mahila ne prachin gris mean phreanch kraanti ke dauran yuddh samapti ki maang rakhate hue aandolan ki shuruat ki, farasi mahilaoan ke samooh ne varasels mean is din ek morcha nikala, isaka uddeshy yuddh ke karan mahilaoan par badhate atyachar ko rokana tha. pahali bar sanh 1909 mean soshalist parti aauf amerika dvara poore amerika mean 28 faravari ko mahila divas manaya gaya tha. 1910 mean soshalist iantaraneshanal dvara kopenahegan mean mahila divas ki sthapana huee. 1911 mean aaustriya, denamark, jarmani aur svitjaralaiand mean lakhoan mahilaoan ne raili nikali. is raili mean matadhikar, sarakari naukari mean bhedabhav khatm karane jaise muddoan ki maang uthi. pratham vishv yuddh ke dauran, roosi mahilaoan dvara pahali bar shaanti ki sthapana ke lie faravari mah ke aantim ravivar ko mahila divas manaya gaya. yoorop bhar mean bhi yuddh virodhi pradarshan hue. 1917 tak roos ke do lakh se zyada sainik mare ge, roosi mahilaoan ne phir roti aur shaanti ke lie is din h datal ki. halaanki rajaneta isake khilaf the, phir bhi mahilaoan ne aandolan jari rakha aur tab roos ke jar ko apani gaddi chho dani p di aur sarakar ko mahilaoan ko vot ke adhikar ki ghoshana karani p di.

'mahila divas' ab lagabhag sabhi vikasit, vikasashil deshoan mean manaya jata hai. yah din mahilaoan ko unaki kshamata, samajik, rajanitik v arthik taraqqi dilane v un mahilaoan ko yad karane ka din hai jinhoanne mahilaoan ko unake adhikar dilane ke lie athak prayas kie. 'sanyukt rashtr sangh' ne bhi mahilaoan ke samanadhikar ko badhava aur suraksha dene ke lie vishvabhar mean kuchh nitiyaan, karyakram aur mapadand nirdharit kie haian. bharat mean bhi 'mahila divas' vyapak roop se manaya jane laga hai. 200px|thumb|left|klara zetakin

aantararashtriy divas banane ka sujhav

rashtriy mahila divas ko aantararashtriy banane ka sujhav ek stri ka hi tha. klara zetakin ne 1910 mean kopenahegan mean kamakaji mahilaoan ki ek iantaraneshanal k aaunphreans ke dauran aantararashtriy mahila divas manane ka sujhav diya. us vaqt k aaunfreans mean 17 deshoan ki 100 mahilaean maujood thian. un sabhi ne is sujhav ka samarthan kiya. sabase pahale sal 1911 mean aaustriya, denamark, jarmani aur svitzaralaiand mean aantararashtriy mahila divas manaya gaya.

thim

• san 1975 mean mahila divas ko adhikarik manyata us vakt di gee, jab sanyukt rashtr ne ise varshik taur par ek thim ke sath manana shuroo kiya. aantararashtriy mahila divas ki pahali thim thi- selibretiang d past, planiang f aaur d phyoochar.
• varsh 2015 ki thim thi- sashakt mahila-sashakt manavata. mahilaoan ko sashakt karane ka arth hai 'iansaniyat ko buland karana'.
• varsh 2021 ki thim hai- chunauti ko chuno. yah thim is vichar se chuna gaya hai ki badalati huee duniya ek chunautipoorn duniya hai aur vyaktigat taur par ham sab apane vichar aur kary ke lie zimmedar haian. abhiyan mean kaha gaya hai ki "ham sab laiangik bhedabhav aur asamanata ko chunauti de sakate haian. ham sab mahilaoan ki upalabdhiyoan ka jashn mana sakate haian. samoohik roop se, ham sab ek samaveshi duniya banane mean yogadan de sakate haian".
• varsh 2022 ki thim 'jeandar ikvaliti tude ph aaur e sastenebal tumaro' (Gender Equality Today For A Sustainable Tomorrow) hai. is thim ka arth hai ki ek sthaee aur saman kal ke lie samaj mean laiangik samanata jaroori hai.

rang

baiangani, hara aur safed- ye tinoan aantararashtriy mahila divas ke rang haian. aantararashtriy mahila divas kaianpen ke mutabiq, "baiangani rang nyay aur garima ka soochak hai. hara rang ummid ka rang hai. safed rang ko shuddhata ka soochak mana gaya hai. ye tinoan rang 1908 mean briten ki vimeans soshal eand p aaulitikal yooniyan (dablyooesapiyoo) ne tay kie the".

8 march hi kyoan?

[[chitr:Womens-Day-Stamp.jpg|thumb|250px|mahila divas par dak tikat]] ye saval to sabake zahan mean bhi uthata hi hoga ki akhir 8 march ko hi aantararashtriy mahila divas kyoan manaya jata hai? darasal, klara zetakin ne mahila divas manane ke lie koee tarikh pakki nahian ki thi. san 1917 mean yuddh ke dauran roos ki mahilaoan ne 'bred eand pis' (yani khana aur shaanti) ki maang ki. mahilaoan ki h datal ne vahaan ke samrat nikolas ko pad chho dane ke lie majaboor kar diya aur aantarim sarakar ne mahilaoan ko matadan ka adhikar de diya. us samay roos mean jooliyan kaileandar ka prayog hota tha. jis din mahilaoan ne yah h datal shuroo ki thi, vah tarikh 23 faravari thi. gregeriyan kaileandar mean yah din 8 march tha aur usi ke bad se aantararashtriy mahila divas 8 march ko manaya jane laga.

kee deshoan mean is divas ke avasar par rashtriy avakash ki ghoshana ki jati hai. roos aur doosare kee deshoan mean is din ke as-pas phooloan ki kimat kaphi badh jati hai. is dauran mahila aur purush ek-doosare ko phool dete haian. chin mean jyadatar daftaroan mean mahilaoan ko adhe din ki chhutti di jati hai. vahian amarika mean march ka mahina 'vimens histri manth' ke taur par manaya jata hai.

pragati, durgati mean parinit

samaj mean yah vishamata charoan taraph hai aur mahilaoan ko lekar bhi yah sahaj svabhavik hai. mahilaoan ki pragati badalav ki bayar mean durgati mean adhik parinit huee hai. ham bar-bar age badhakar pichhe khisake haian. bat chahe alag-alag tariqe se kie ge balatkar ya hatya ki ho, khauphanak pharamanoan ki ya mahila asmita se ju de kisi vilambit adalati phaisale ki. kahian na kahian mahila kahalae jane vala varg hairan aur hataprabh hi nazar aya hai.

srishti srijan mean yogadan

thumb|250px|left|'aantararashtriy mahila divas' manati huee mahilaean srishti ke rachayita brahma ke bad srishti srijan mean yadi kisi ka yogadan hai to vo nari ka hai. apane jivan ko daanv par laga kar ek jiv ko janm dene ka sahas eeshvar ne keval mahila ko pradan kiya hai. halaanki tatha-kathit purush pradhan samaj mean nari ki ye shakti usaki sabase b di kamazori mani jati hai. aj samaj ke dohare mapadand nari ko ek taraph poojyaniy batate hai to doosari or usaka shoshan karate haian. yah nari jati ka apaman hai. aurat samaj se vahi samman pane ki adhikarini hai jo samaj purushoan ko usaki anekoan galatiyoan ke bad bhi pun: ek achchha adami banane ka adhikar pradan karata hai.

shakti pradhan samaj ka aang

nari ko arakshan ki zaroorat nahian hai. unhean uchit suvidhaoan ki avashyakata hai, unaki pratibhaoan aur mahattvakaankshaoan ke samman ki aur sabase badh kar to ye hai ki samaj mean nari hi nari ko samman dene lage to ye samasya kafi had tak kam ho sakati hai. mahila apani shakti ko pahachane aur purushoan ki jhoothi prashansa se bache aur soch badale ki ve purush pradhan samaj ki nahian balki shakti pradhan samaj ka aang hai aur shakti prapt karana hi unaka lakshy hai aur vo keval ek din ki sahanubhooti nahian apitu har din apana hak evan samman chahati hai. thumb|250px|'aantararashtriy mahila divas' manati huee mahilaean

pooanjivadi shoshan ke khilaf

'aantararashtriy mahila divas' lagabhag sau varsh poorv, pahali bar manaya gaya tha, jab pooanjivad aur samrajyavad tezi se vikasit ho rahe the aur lakhoan mahilayean mazadoori karane nikal p di thian. mahilaoan ko pooanjivad ne mukt karane ke bajay, karakhanoan mean gulam banaya, unake parivaroan ko ast-vyast kar diya, un par mahila, mazadoor aur grihasthi hone ke bahutarapha bojh dale tatha unhean apane adhikaroan se vanchit kiya. mahila mazadoor ekajut hueean aur b di bahaduri v sankalp ke sath, s dakoan par utar kar sangharsh karane lagian. apane diler sangharshoan ke zariye, ve shasak vargoan v shoshakoan ke khilaf sangharsh mean kuchh jitean hasil kar payian. isi sangharsh aur kurabani ki paranpara 'aantararashtriy mahila divas' par manayi jati hai. 'antararashtriy mahila divas' pooanjivadi shoshan ke khilaf aur shoshan-daman se mukt naye samaj ke liye sangharsh, yani samajavad ke liye sangharsh ke sath nazadiki se ju da raha. samajavadi v kamyunist andolan ne sabase pahale sangharsharat mahilaoan ki maangoan ko apane vyapak karyakram mean shamil kiya. jin deshoan mean bisavian sadi mean samajavad ki sthapana huee, vahaan mahilaoan ko mukt karane ke sabase saphal prayas kiye gaye the.

aparadhikaran aur asuraksha ka shikar

thumb|350px|left|'aantararashtriy mahila divas' ke avasar par vibhinn karyakram 'pratham aantararashtriy mahila divas' ke manaye jane ke lagabhag sau varsh bad hamean nazar ata hai, ki ek taraph, duniya ki lagabhag har sarakar aur saramayadaroan ke kee any sansthan aantararashtriy mahila divas par khoob dhoom machate haian. ve mahilaoan ke liye kuchh karane ke b de-b de vade karate haian. doosari or, sari duniya mean lakhoan mahilayean aj bhi har prakar ke shoshan aur daman ka shikar banati rahati haian. vartaman udarikaran aur bhoomandalikaran ke yug mean pooanji pahale se kahian zyada azadi ke sath, mazadoori, bazar aur sansadhanoan ki talash mean, duniya ke kone-kone mean pahuanch rahi hai. vishv mean poore desh, ilake aur arthavyavastha ke kshetr vikas ke nam par tabah ho rahe haian aur karo doan mehanatakashoan ki zindagi barabad ho rahi haian. jahaan hindustan mean hazaroan ki sankhya mean kisan krishi kshetr mean tabahi ki vajah se khudakushi kar rahe haian, mil-karakhane band kiye ja rahe haian, logoan ko rozagar ki talash mean ghar-var chho dakar shaharoan ko jana p data hai, shaharoan mean unhean n to naukari milati hai n suraksha aur behad gandi halatoan mean jina p data hai. mahilayean, jo dugune v tigune shoshan ka samana karati haian, jinhean ghar-parivar mean bhi khas zimmedariyaan nibhani p dati haian, jo badhate aparadhikaran aur asuraksha ka shikar banati haian, in paristhitiyoan mean mahilayean bahut hi utpi dit haian.

nyay

vishv mean bite sau varshoan mean mahilaoan ke anubhavoan se ham yah aham sabak lete haian ki mahilaoan ka uddhar pooanjivadi vikas se nahian ho sakata. balki, mahilaoan ka aur zyada shoshan karane ke liye, mahilaoan ko dabakar rakhane ke liye, pooanjivad samaj ke sabase pratikriyavadi takatoan aur tatvoan ke sath gathajo d bana leta hai. jo bhi mahilaoan ki unnati aur uddhar chahate haian, unhean is sachchaee ka samana karana p dega. jo vyavastha manav shram ke shoshan ke adhar par panapati hai, vah mahilaoan ko kabhi nyay nahian dila sakati.

mahila andolan

thumb|250px|'aantararashtriy mahila divas' manati huee mahilaean bharat mean mahila andolan par yah dabav aur bhi badh gaya hai kyoanki kamyunist andolan ki sabase b di partiyaan aur unake mahila sangathan bhi isi raste par chalate haian. in sangathanoan ne ek nayi samajik vyavastha ke liye sangharsh to chho d hi diya hai. mahila andolan ko vicharadhara se n bandhe hue hone ke nam par bahut hi tang ya tatkalin muddoan tak simit rakha gaya hai. mahila andolan par kee logoan ne aisa vichar thop rakha hai ki mahilaoan ki chianta ke vishay itane mahila-vishisht haian, ki mahilaoan ke uddhar ke sangharsh ka sabhi mehanatakashoan ke uddhar ke sangharsh se koee sanbandh hi nahian hai. is tarah se yah nakara jata hai ki niji sampatti hi parivar aur samaj mean mahilaoan ke shoshan-daman ka adhar hai. aisi takatoan ne is prakar se mahila andolan ko rajanitik jagarukata se door rakhane ka poora prayas kiya hai, taki mahila andolan pangoo rahe aur mahilaoan ke uddhar ke sangharsh ko aguvaee dene ke kabil hi n rahe.
hindustan ki kamyunist gadar parti is aantararashtriy mahila divas par desh ki sabhi sangharsharat mahilaoan se ahvan karati hai ki apaka bhavishy samajavad mean hai, vartaman vyavastha ke vikalp ke liye sangharsh mean hai. sirf vahi samaj jo parajiviyoan v shoshakoan ke dabadabe se mukt hai, vahi mahilaoan ko samanata, ijzat, suraksha v khushahali ka jivan dila sakati hai. par aisi vyavastha ki rachana tabhi ho payegi jab mahilayean, jo samaj ka adha hissa haian, khud ekajut hokar isake liye sangharsh mean age ayeangi. jaise-jaise mahilayean apane uddhar ke liye sangharsh ko aur tez kareangi, adhik se adhik sankhya mean is sangharsh mean ju dane ke liye age ayeangi, vaise-vaise vah din nazadik ata jayega jab apane v apane parijanoan ke liye behatar jivan sunishchit karane ka mahilaoan ka sapana sakar hoga.

bharat ki prasiddh mahilaean

iandira gaandhi|x100px|link=iandira gaandhi

pratibha patil|x100px|link=pratibha patil

madar teresa|x100px|link=madar teresa

lata mangeshakar|x100px|link=lata mangeshakar

em. es. subbulakshmi|x100px|link=em. es. subbulakshmi

kiran bedi|x100px|link=kiran bedi

sarojini nayadoo|x100px|link=sarojini nayadoo

amrita pritam|x100px|link=amrita pritam

mira kumar|x100px|link=mira kumar

sucheta kripalani|x100px|link=sucheta kripalani

bachhendri pal|x100px|link=bachhendri pal

karnam malleshvari|x100px|link=karnam malleshvari

kalpana chavala|x100px|link=kalpana chavala

aishvarya ray|x100px|link=aishvarya ray

sushmita sen|x100px|link=sushmita sen

mairi k aaum|x100px|link=mairi k aaum

saina nehaval|x100px|link=saina nehaval

aantararashtriy mahila divas par kavita

(1) subhadra kumari chauhan dvara maianne hansana sikha hai maian nahian janati rona. barasa karata pal-pal par mere jivan mean sona॥ maian ab tak jan n paee kaisi hoti hai pi da. hans-hans jivan mean mere kaise karati hai krida॥ jag hai asar, sunati hooan mujhako sukh-sar dikhata. meri aankhoan ke age sukh ka sagar laharata. utsah-umang nirantar rahate mere jivan mean. ullas vijay ka hansata mere matavale man mean. asha alokit karati mere jivan ko pratikshan. haian svarn-sootr se valayit meri asaphalata ke ghan. sukh bhare sunahale badal rahate haian mujhako ghere. vishvas prem sahas haian jivan ke sathi mere.

(2) dhirendr sianh dvara asaman sa hai jisaka vistar ch aaud-sitaroan ka jo sajae sansar dharati jaisi hai sahanashilata jisamean hai nari har jivan ka adhar kabhi phool sa rang-sugandh lage kabhi chianti sa bojh uthae apar kabhi sneh ka lage dariya nirjhar kabhi bane kisi ka param adhar choolha-chauka rishtoan-natoan ki veni har ghar ki yah garimamay shrriangar aj kahaan se kahaan pahuanch gee hai har naiya ki ban sashakt patavar ghar se daftar choolhe se chanda tak purush sang ab dau de yah nar mahila divas hai shakti divas bhi purush nazariya mean ho aur sudhar

apanoan ka chahie sath

[[chitr:Vijay-Lakshmi-Pandit.jpg|thumb|250px|vijayalakshmi pandit aur mahasachiv daig haimaraskjoanld]] bharat ki prasiddh baidamiantan khila di saina nehaval jab bhi apane mata-pita ke hath mean medal v kap thame tasvir phesabuk par sheyar karati haian to unhean dheroan laiks milate haian. pi.vi. siandhu ko jab 'padmashri' mila to poora parivar anandit tha. unake pita ke mutabiq, “pi.vi. ki kamayabi usaki apani mehanat aur lagan ki badaulat hai. hamane to sirf us par bharosa kiya, usaka sath diya.“ adhi abadi ka b da tabaka aise hi bharose aur sath ki bat joh raha hai. kitani hi pratibhavan betiyaan apane sapanoan ko aise hi sath ki badaulat sach karana chahati haian. viang kamandar pooja thakur ne jab rajapath par barak obama ko gard aauf aaunar dene vali vuman fors ka netritv kiya to is aitihasik upalabdhi par har kisi ko garv hua. pooja thakur kahati haian ki- “us khushi ka koee mol nahian, jo desh ke lie yogadan dene ke bad prapt hua.... par yah ehasas namumakin hota, yadi parivar ka sath nahian milata. any samany l dakiyoan ki tarah apanoan ka sath pakar mera bhi hausala badhata gaya, utsah chauguna hota gaya.“

lagatar arthik pragati ke bavajood bharatiy mahilaoan ko abhi bhi svasthy, shiksha aur karyakshetr mean asamanata ka samana karana p d raha hai. jeneva sthit varld ikon aaumik phoram ke varshik laiangik samanata indeks mean bharat ab 114vean sthan par khisak gaya hai.

sabase zyada tanavagrast haian bharatiy mahilaean

duniya ke pramukh vikasit evan vikasashil deshoan mean aj ki bhagadau d aur apadhapi se hone vale tanav ke bare mean kie ge bharatiy mahilaean ke sarvekshan ke anusar bharat ki sarvadhik mahilaean tanav mean rahati haian. duniya bhar mean mahilaean khud ko behad tanav aur dabav mean mahasoos karati haian. yah samasya arthik taur par ubharate hue deshoan mean zyada dikh rahi hai. ek sarve mean bharatiy mahilaoan ne khud ko sabase zyada tanav mean bataya. 21 vikasit aur ubharate hue deshoan mean karae ge nilasan sarve mean samane aya ki tezise ubharate hue deshoan mean mahilaean behad dabav mean haian lekin unhean arthik sthirata aur apani betiyoan ke lie shiksha ke behatar avasar milane ki ummid bhi doosaroan ke muqabale kahian zyada hai. sarve mean 87 pratishat bharatiy mahilaoan ne kaha ki zyadatar samay ve tanav mean rahati haian aur 82 phisadi ka kahana hai ki unake pas aram karane ke lie vaqt nahian hota.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• international womens day
• aantararashtriy mahila divas
• aantararashtriy mahila divas