अवध
[[chitr:Shuja-Ud-Daula.jpg|thumb|chitrakar dvara chitrit shujauddaula ka chitr]] avadh shabd ayodhya se nikala hai. uttar pradesh ka yah bhag koshal kahalata tha. dasharath yahaan ke raja the aur ayodhya unaki rajadhani thi. itihas mean uttar bharat ke jin solah janapadoan ka ullekh hai, unamean yah bhi ek tha, aur shravasti isaki rajadhani thi. bad mean isako jitakar nandoan aur mauryoan ne magadh rajy ka aang bana liya. chauthi shatabdi mean avadh gupt samrajy ka aur satavian mean harshavardhan ke samrajy ka aang tha. navian shatabdi mean gurjar-pratiharoan ne ise apane samrajy mean mila liya. sanh 1192 mean shahabuddin muhammad gori ke ek sahayak ne avadh ko jita, to usake bad musalaman amiroan ka yahaan basana aranbh ho gaya.
sthapana
'sadat khaan burahanulamulk' avadh ke svatantr rajy ka sansthapak tha. 1720 se 1722 ee. tak usane agara ke soobedar ke pad par kary kiya. 1722 ee. mean samrat muhammadashah ne use avadh ka soobedar niyukt kiya, jahaan bad mean isane mugal samrajy se alag svatantr avadh rajy ki sthapana ki.
saadat khaan dvara atmahatya
1723 ee. mean sadat khaan ne nayi ‘rajasv bandobast’ vyavastha ko lagoo kiya. 1739 ee. mean sadat khaan ko nadirashah ke khilaf l dane ke lie samrat muhammadashah ne dilli bulaya. kalantar mean sadat khaan ne hi nadirashah ko dilli par akraman karane ke lie prerit kiya tha. kintu usane akramanakari ko 20 karo d ki asha dilayi thi, parantu nadirashah se kiye gaye vade ko n poora kar pane ke karan hi sadat khaan ne 1739 mean zahar khakar atmahatya kar li.
sadat khaan ki mutyu ke bad samrat muhammadashah ne sadat khaan ke bhatije evan damad 'safadarajang' ko avadh ki navabi pradan ki. 1748 ee. mean mugal samrat ne use apana vazir banaya aur isake sath hi use ilahabad ka bhi praant de diya gaya. usane marathoan ke viruddh ek l daee l di tatha hindoo evan musalamanoan mean koee bhed n karate hue donoan ko barabar mahatv diya. usane apani sarakar mean maharaj 'navabaray' ko uchch pad pradan kiya. 1754 ee. mean usaki mrityu ho gee.
aangrezoan ka adhikar
1754 ee. mean shujauddaula avadh ka navab evan samrat ka vazir bana. usane baksar ke yuddh me bhag liya tatha 1774 ee. mean ruheloan ko parast kar ruhelakhand par adhikar kar liya. 1775 ee. mean usaki mrityu ho gee. shujauddaula ke bad ‘asafuddaula’ (1775-95 ee.) avadh ka shasak bana. usane apani rajadhani phaijabad se lakhanoo sthanantarit ki. 1819 ee. mean is vansh ke satavean shasak sadat khan ne avadh ke raja ki upadhi grahan ki. avadh ke svatantr shasakoan ki aantim k di v antim shasak 'vajid alishah' tha. 1856 ee. mean l aaurd dalahauji ne avadh ko british shasan ke adhin kar liya.
uttar pradesh ki sthapana
1902 ee. mean agara aur avadh ko milakar ‘sanyukt praant agara v avadh’ banaya gaya. bharat ke svatantr hone par is praant ka nam uttar pradesh p da. avadh ke navaboan ke shasanakal mean yahaan muslim sanskriti ka paryapt prasar hua. unhoanne anek masjidoan aur bhavanoan ka nirman kiya, jo aj bhi rajadhani lakhanoo tatha any nikatavarti nagaroan ka akarshan hai .
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sanbandhit lekh