असुर जाति
| chitr:Disamb2.jpg asur | ek bahuvikalpi shabd hai any arthoan ke lie dekhean:- asur (bahuvikalpi) |
asur jati jharakhand mean aur bangal mean paee jati hai. is jati ke log svayan ko mahishasur ka vanshaj manate haian. itihasakaroan ke anusar mahabharat kal mean jharakhand magadh ke aantargat ata tha aur ye bahubali jarasandh ke adhipaty mean tha. anuman kiya jata hai ki jarasandh ke vanshajoan ne lagabhag ek hazar varsh tak magadh mean ekachhatr shasan kiya tha. jarasandh shaiv tha aur asur usaki jati thi. ke. ke. lyuba ka kathan hai ki jharakhand mean rahane vale vartaman asur mahabharat kalin asuroan ke hi vanshaj haian. jharakhand ki puratatvik khudaeeyoan mean milane vali asur kalin eeantoan tatha raanchi gajetiyar mean varsh 1917 mean prakashit nishkarshoan se bhi is tathy ki pushti hoti hai.
aitihasik tathy
600 eesa poorv jab munda log jharakhand ae to unaka samana asuroan se hua tha. mundaoan ki lokagatha 'sosoboanga' mean unake agaman aur asuroan se sangharsh ka vistar se varnan hai. bharat ke vikhyat manavashastri sharatachandr ray apani prasiddh pustak 'mundaj end deyar kantri' mean isaka samarthan karate haian. munda jab jharakhand ae to unaki ek shakha santhal paragana ki or gee thi. in logoan ko aj santhal ke nam se janate haian, jabaki doosari shakha raanchi ki pashchimi ghatiyoan mean chali gahi thi. raanchi ki or ane vali shakha munda kahalaee. bad mean ye munda log hi asuroan se bhi de. bad ke itihasakaroan ke anusar lagabhag 1206 ee. mean uraanv karnatak ki or se narmada ke kinare-kinare viandhy evan son ki ghatiyoan se hote hue rohatasagadh pahuanche. jahaan unhoanne raj kiya aur phir apana rajapat khokar parajit hone ke pashchath raanchi ki or a gaye. tab unaka samana mundaoan se hua. uraanvoan ke ane ke bad munda log dakshin ki or chale ge. yah ilaka aj ka khooanti kshetr hai, jahaan mundaoan ki bahulata hai.
vyavasay
asur jati ke log mukhyatah loha galane ka vyavasay karate the aur asandigdh roop se munda evan any adivasi samudayoan ke ane se pahale jharakhand mean unaki ek vikasit sabhyata vidyaman thi. is jati ke log krishi jivi nahian the aur us samay mean jharakhand mean krishi pradhan samaj ki upasthiti ke praman nahian milate. munda log jab yahaan ae, tab unhoanne hi vyavasthit krishi aur jivan-samaj paddhati ki majaboot nianv dali. yah bhi ullekhaniy hai ki asuroan ke samay mean jharakhand ke kuchh ilakoan mean jainiyoan ka prabhav tha. khasakar, hazaribag aur manabhoom adi ilake mean. parasanath mean jain tirth ka hona tatha us kshetr mean sarak jati ki upasthiti aur unake riti-rivaj isake jivant sakshy haian.
dashahare par shok manana
jharakhand ke gumala zile ke sudooravarti pathari kshetr mean jangaloan v paha d ki taraeeyoan mean rahane vale asur jati ke log dashahare ke avasar par shok manate haian. navaratr aur vijayadashami ke avasar par jab poora desh harsh v ullas mean dooba rahata hai, tab jharakhand ke jangal v paha doan se atoot rishta banakar basane vale asur jati ke log apane aradhy dev mahishasur ke vadh se dukhi hokar shok manate haian. is din ve n to ek doosare ke ghar mehamananavaji karate haian aur n hi naye vastr pahanate haian. ve is din mahishasur ke shok mean vishesh pakavan bhi nahian banate haian. apane aradhy dev ki durga ke dvara vadh kiye jane par ve apane ko besahara mahasoos karate haian. is jati ke kuchh yuvak jo uchch shiksha prapt kar shaharoan ki or rookh kar rahean haian, ve bahari loangoan ke sanpark mean akar apani parampara ko bhoolane lage haian, lekin gaanvoan mean rahane vale asur aj bhi apani poorvajoan ki paranpara ko sanjo kar rakhana apana dharm manate haian.[1]
pashchim bangal mean durgapooja ko lok utsav ka darja prapt hai, lekin rajy ke uttari ilake mean jalapaeegu di zile mean sthit alipuraduar ke pas majheradabari chay bagan mean rahane vali asur jati ke log durgapooja ke dauran matam manate haian. is dauran ve n to ne kap de pahanate haian aur n hi gharoan se bahar nikalate haian. asur jati ke ye log bagan ki asur lain yani is janajati ke mazadooroan ke lie bani k aauloni mean rahate haian. is jati ke log khud ko mahishasur ke vanshaj manate haian. unamean is bat ka gussa hai ki devi durga ne hi mahishasur ka vadh kiya tha. yahi karan hai ki poora rajy jab khushiyaan manane mean dooba hota hai, tab ye log matam manate rahate haian. is jati ke bachche mitti se bane sher ke khilaunoan se khelate haian, lekin in khilaunoan mean se kisi bhi sher ke kandhe par sir nahian hota. bachche sheroan ki gardan maro d dete haian, kyoanki ye durga ki savari hai. asur jati ke log uttar bangal ke kuchh aur chay baganoan mean rahate haian. 100 sal se bhi pahale chay baganoan ke british malik inako chhota nagapur ilaqe se yahaan le ae the.
poorvajoan ki parampara
pashchim bangal mean asur lain mean rahane vale 26 parivaroan mean lagabhag 150 sadasy haian. in sabako apane poorvajoan se suni us kahani par poora bharosa hai ki mahishasur ko marane ke lie tamam devi-devataoan ne avaidh tarike se hath mila lie the. is janajati ke log pooja ke dauran apane tamam kam rat mean nipatate haian. din mean to ve bahar qadam tak nahian rakhate. apane poorvajoan ki is parampara ka asur jati ke log aj bhi samman karate haian. is jati ke logoan ka manana hai ki "mahishasur donoan lokoan yani svarg aur prithvi par sabase adhik takatavar the. devataoan ko lagata tha ki agar mahishasur lanbe samay tak jivit raha to log devataoan ki pooja karana chho d deange. isalie un sabane mil kar dhokhe se use mar dala." mahishasur ke mare jane ke bad hi asur jati ke poorvajoan ne devataoan ki pooja band kar di. asur varsh mean ek din h diya yani chaval se bani kachchi sharab aur murge ka maans chadha kar apane poorvajoan ki pooja karate haian. asur lain mean abhi tak kisi ne bhi skool nahian dekha hai. is jati ke bachchoan ke lie sach vahi hai, jo unhoanne apane pita aur dada se suna hai. in logoan ke khane-pine ki adatean bhi am logoan se alag haian.[2]
|
|
|
|
|
|
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ asur janajati samuday (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 12 janavari, 2012.
- ↑ durga nahian mahishasur ki jay (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 12 janavari, 2013.