आज़ाद
azad, shamashul ulama maulana muhammad husane (1823-1910 ee.) maulana saiyad muhammad bakar dilli ke ek bahut b de vidvanh aur dharmik neta the jinhoanne urdoo akhabar ke nam se 1836 ee. mean pahala ganbhir urdoo samachar patr nikala. is patrika mean aangrejoan ke virodh mean vichar prakat kie jate the. 1847 ee. ke aandolan mean avasar milate hi aangrejoan ne maulana baqar ko goli se u da diya. azad unhian ke putr the. pita ne putr ko farasi, arabi, padhaee, dilli kalej mean padhane ke lie bheja, pres ka kam sikhaya tatha kavita aur bhasha ke marm ki janakari prapt karane ke lie us samay ke prasiddh kavi shekh muhammad ibrahim 'jauq' ke hath mean sauanp diya. pita ne is prakar azad ko aisa bana diya tha ki vah sansar mean apani jagah bana sakean, parantu 1857 ke aandolan ne inhean beghar kar diya aur kee varsh tak ye lakhanoo, madras aur banbee mean mare mare phirate rahe. chhoti chhoti naukariyaan ki, aur madhy eshiya bhi ho ae. 1869 ee. mean lahaur gavarnameant kalej mean arabi ke adhyapak niyukt hue aur vahian kuchh aangrej aur hiandustani vidvanoan ke sath milakar aanjumane panjab banaee jisase nee prakar ki kavitaean likhane ki paranpara aranbh huee. 1874 ee. mean lahaur mean jo ne mushayare hue unamean khvaja 'halo' ne bhi bhag liya aur vastav mean usi samay se adhunik urdoo sahity ka vikas aranbh hua. 1885 ee. mean 'azad' ne eeran ki yatra ki aur jab vahaan se laute tab apana sara samay aur sari shakti sahityarachana mean lagane ke lie naukari se bhi alag ho ge. 1888 ee. mean kuchh aisi ghatanaean huee ki azad ki manasik dasha big dane lagi or do ek varsh bad ve bilakul pagal ho ge. isamean bhi jab kabhi mauj a jati, likhane padhane mean lag jate. 1909 mean inaka svasthy ekadam nasht ho gaya aur 22 janavari, 1910 ee. ko e paralok sidhar ge.[1]
apane vistrit jnan ke suandar bhavapoorn shaili aur navin vicharo ke karan azad vartaman sahity ke janmadataoan mean gine jate haian. unaki anek rachanaoan mean se nimnalikhit vishesh prasiddh haian:
'sukhanadane - phars', 'nigaristane-phars', 'abe-hayat', 'nairangekhayal', 'darabare-akabari', 'kasase-hiand', 'kayanate-arab', 'janavaristan', 'najmean azad' ityadi.[2]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 361 |
- ↑ san.gran.-pandit kaiphi: manashoorat; jahaan banoo : muhammad husen azad; muhammad yahaya tanha: yirool-musannaphin; hamid hasan kadiro: dastan-tarikhe-urdoo; abdulla, da.es.en.: spirit aiand sabstaians aauv urdoo proz aandar di inphlueans aauv sar saiyad.
sanbandhit lekh
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