आम

am
Mango|thumb am, rashh‍triy phal

parichay

am phaloan ka raja kahalata hai. am (menigiphera iandika) bharat ka rashtriy phal hai. kajoo parivar (enakardiesi) ka sadasy, vishv ke ushnakatibandhiy kshetr ka ek mahattvapoorn phal hai. ooshnakatibandhiy deshoan mean am b de paimane par paida hote hai. am ko poorvi eshiya, myaanmar (bhootapoorv barma) aur bharat ke asam rajy ka sthaniy phal mana jata hai. am ek goode dar phal hai, jise pakakar khaya jata hai ya kachh‍cha hone par ise achar adi mean ish‍temal kiya jata hai. yah megh‍niphera iandika ka phal arthat am hai jo ushh‍n katibandhi hish‍se ka sabase adhik mahath‍vapoorn aur vh‍yapak roop se ugaya jane vala phal hai. phaloan ka raja am ke bare mean logoan ki alag- alag dharanaean haian. kuchh logoan ka manana hai ki is phal mean behad kailarij hoti haian, to vahian kuchh ise sehat ke lie kee tarah se phayademand batate haian. garmiyoan mean yahi ek aisa phal hai, jo rasila v mitha hai aur har umr ke logoan ko bhata hai. bharat mean any prakar ke am pae jate haian.

am ka itihas

purtagali vyapari bharat mean am lekar ae the. isake bijoan ko ek jagah se doosari jagah le jane mean kathinaee (yah zyada samay tak surakshit nahian rah pate) ke karan sanbhavatah 1700 ee. mean brazil mean ise lagae jane se pahale pashchimi golarddh isase lagabhag aparichit hi tha, 1740 mean yah vest iandiz pahuancha. kee navaboan aur rajaoan ke namoan par bhi isaka namakaran hua.

am ke any nam

• is phal ka nam maiango, jisase yah aangrezi tatha spenishabhashi deshoan mean pahachana jata hai.
• tamil bhasha mean main-ke ya main-ge se utpann hua hai.
• purtagaliyoan ne pashchim bharat mean basane par maianga ke roop mean apanaya tha.
• am ko alag-alag nam die ge jaise lang da, dashahari, alaph aauanso aur chauansa.

bharat mean am

bharat mean, paha di kshetroan ko chho d kar am lagabhag sabhi sthanoan par paida hota hai. hamare yahaan am ki saiank doan kismean hai. yah akar aur rangoan mean alag-alag hote haian. bharat mean am ki phasal ati prachinakal se ugaee jati rahi hai. am ko anant samay se bharat mean ugaya jata raha hai. vishv ke anek deshoan mean am ki alag-alag jati hoti hai. phir bhi hiandustan ka prasiddh phal am hi hai. aank doan ke mutabik is samay bharat mean prativarsh ek karo d tan am paida hota hai jo duniya ke kul utpadan ka 52 fisadi hai. svad, svasthy evan bal sanvardhan ki drishti se am sabhi phaloan mean age hai. am bhinn-bhinn jati ke hote haian. kintu sabhi amoan ke gun prayah ek se hi hote haian.

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am bharat ke lokagitoan aur dharmik anushthanoan se anivary roop se ju da hai. kavi kalidas ne isaki prashansa mean git likhe haian. alekh‍seandar ne isaka sh‍vad chakha hai aur sath hi chini dharm yatri huen-saang ne bhi. mugal badashah akabar ne bihar ke darabhanga mean 1,00,000 se adhik am ke paudhe rope the, jise ab lakhi bag ke nam se jana jata hai. svayan buddh ko ek amrakuanj bheant kiya gaya tha, taki vah usaki chhaanv mean vishram kar sakean.

am ka vriksh

• am ka vriksh ek sadabahar vriksh hai.
• isaki lanbaee 15-18 mitar tak hoti hai aur isaki ayu kafi lanbi hoti hai.
• isake kuantakar patte 30 semi tak lanbe hote haian; phool chhote, gulabi aur khushaboodar hote haian. lanbi dandiyoan ke chhor par chhote guchchhoan mean hote haian.
• yah ubhayaliangi hote haian, arthat kuchh mean puankesar v strikesar, donoan hote haian aur kuchh mean sirf puankesar hote hai.

am ki fasal

am ke lie kisi vishesh mitti ki avashyakata nahian hoti, lekin achchhi qismean sirf unhian jagahoan par achchhi fasal deti hai, jahaan phaloan ki paidavar badhane layak badhiya shushk mausam rahata ho. adhik varsha vale kshetroan mean phaphooand ke karan hone vala rog eanthrakanoz phooloan aur kachche phaloan ko nasht kar deta hai tatha is par niyantran bhi mushkil hota hai. graftiang ya badiang ke zariye isaka sanjanan kiya jata hai. do vrikshoan ko bina kate qalam lagane (jisamean ek aankur tatha ek svatantr roop se lagae ge paudhe ke moolavriant ko jo d diya jata hai aur bad mean aankur ko usake tane se katakar hata diya jata hai) ki prakriya eshiya ke kee ilaqoan mean kafi lokapriy hai, lekin yah bahut mehanat vali aur kharchili prakriya hai. florida mean zyada saksham tariqoan, patali parat ke aropan aur katakar aankur lagane, ka vikas kiya gaya hai aur inaka vanijyik upayog bhi kiya ja raha hai.

akar aur lakshan

• isake phal akar aur lakshanoan mean bhinnata lie hote hai; sabase chhote phal aloobukhara jitana b da hota hai. jabaki b de phal 1.8 se 2.3 kigra tak hote haian.
• isaka akar aandakar, gol, hridayakar, gurde ke akar ka ya lanba aur patala hota hai.
• isaki kuchh qismean chatakili lal aur pili rangat vali hoti haian, jabaki any phike hare rang ki hoti haian.
• phal mean paya jane vala ekamatr b da bij chapata hota hai aur isake charoan or maujood gooda pile se narangi rang ka rasadar hota hai aur isaka svad vishesh mithi gandh ke sath mazedar hota hai.

am ke vibhinn prayog

• yah apane sabhi roopoan mean akarshan ka keandr hai.
• am ko choosakar, katakar joos nikalakar, kek, pestri mean dal kar ya phir chatani aur achar mean dalakar khaya ja sakata hai.
• baur, kairi yani kachchi aanbiya aur poora paka am ko bhi khaya jata hai.
• am ka istemal pana banane, achar, murabbe aur jaim banane mean kiya jata hai.
• am se amachoor yani am ki khataee bhi banati hai.

am ke phayade

• am mean sabhi phaloan se adhik vitamin ‘e’ hota hai. isake atirikt vitamin ‘bi’ bhi adhik hote hai. isamean 'ayaran' bhi behad tadad mean paya jata hai,
• isamean vitamin 'si' aur 'ee' bharapoor tadad mean paya jata hai. jo aankhoan ke lie behad phayademand hote haian.
• am aur jamun ka ras saman bhag mean milakar kuchh dinoan tak pine se madhumeh rog thik ho jata hai.
• am khane se gurde ki durbalata door hoti hai.
• am un logoan ke lie bhi poshan yukt hai, jo kamazor, kam oorja aur kam oorjasvita ki dikkat se gujar rahe hai. yah phal sharir ko turant oorja deta hai. yahaan tak ki hara am aur kairi vitamin 'si' ka achchha srot haian aur isamean chini ki matra bhi n ke barabar hoti hai.
• am eanti aauksideant ka achchha srot hai. yah eanti aauksideant n keval umr badhane ki pragati ko kam kar dete haian, balki tvacha se ju di kee bimariyoan masalan, saravaikal aur kolan kaiansar se bhi bachata hai.
• am sharir se hanikarak visheli padarth aur phri redikals ko bahar karane mean bhi sahayak hai.
• vahian doosari aur am resho se bharapoor hota hai aur kabj hone se rokata hai. yah pitt ko kam karata hai aur pachan tantr ko thik banae rakhata hai.
• agar chehare ka sauandary badhana ho, to am ke ras mean shahad milakar chehare par lagaean.
• agar bal jh date hoan, to am ke komal patte tatha danthal ko pani mean ubal kar sir dhoean.
• kan sunn hone ki samasya par am ka patta pisakar bina pani ke halka garam kar kan mean do char booand dalean. aankhoan ke charoan or kale ghere ya jhaee hoan, to am ke ras ko ruee se chehare par lagaean.

am se hone vale nukasan

• am mean chini ki matra bahut jyada hoti hai, isalie ise kam matra mean lean.
• jo log mote haian, ve ise kam khaya karean. nahian to, yah sharir mean haramonal badalav ki vajah ban sakata hai.
• am ko ek sath bahut matra mean khana nukasanadeh hota hai.
• am khane ke bad muanhase ho jate haian. isalie ise dahi ya sookhe phaloan ke sath khaeange, to yah jyada phayademand rahega.
• am ke adhik matra mean khane se madhumeh v motapa badhane ki dikkat se guzarana p d sakata hai.

sambandhit liank

1. REDIRECT saancha:rashtriy chihn aur pratik