उर्वरक

thumb|250px|jal mean vileyashil urvarak urvarak (Fertilizers), ye aise rasayanik padarth hote haian, jo ped-paudhoan ki vriddhi mean bahut hi sahayak hote haian. pray: paudhoan ko urvarak do prakar se diye ja sakate haian- (1) zamin mean dalakar, jisase ye tatv paudhoan ki j doan dvara avashoshit kar lie jate haian. (2) pattiyoan par inaka chhi dakav karane se pattiyoan dvara ye avashoshit kar liye jate haian. urvarak paudhoan ke liye avashyak tatvoan ki poorti karate haian.

urvarakoan ke prakar

krishi mean fasaloan ke adhik utpadan v paudhoan ki vriddhi ke lie, naitrojan, ph aausphoras, poteshiyam, kailshiyam adi tatvoan ki avashyakata hoti hai. paudhe in tatvoan ko bhoomi se grahan karate haian. lekin dhire-dhire bhoomi mean in tatvoan ki kami ho jati hai. is kami ko poora karane ke lie kritrim roop se banaye ge tatvoan ke yaugik bhoomi mean milae jate haian. kritrim roop se banaye ge in yaugikoan ko hi urvarak kahate haian. yadi tatvoan ke in yaugikoan ko bhoomi mean n milaya jae, to bhoomi ki utpadakata kam ho jayegi. urvarak kee prakar ke hote haian. inaka vivaran is prakar se hai-

• naitrojan ke urvarak
• poteshiyam ke urvarak
• ph aausphoras ke urvarak
• mishrit urvarak

naitrojan ke urvarak

in urvarakoan mean mukhyat: naitrojan tatv paya jata hai. kuchh pramukh naitrojan yaugik is prakar se haian-

• yooriya - yooriya mean 46% naitrojan paee jati hai.
• amoniyam salphet - isamean naitrojan amoniya ke roop mean upasthit rahati hai tatha isamean amoniya ki matra lagabhag 25% payi jati hai. yah aloo ki fasal ke lie achchha urvarak hai. isaka prayog choona rahit bhoomi mean nahian kiya jata hai.
• kailsiyam naitet - yah naitrojan ka sabase achchha urvarak hai. bazar mean yah ‘narvejiyan saltapitar’ ke nam se jana jata hai.
• kailshiyam nayanaid - is urvarak ka buaee karane se pahale bhoomi mean chhi dakav kiya jata hai. paudhoan ki vriddhi ke samay is urvarak ka prayog paudhoan ke lie labhaprad nahian hota hai.

poteshiyam ke urvarak

poteshiyam kloraid, poteshiyam naitret, poteshiyam salfet adi poteshiyam ke kuchh pramukh urvarak haian.

ph aausphoras ke urvarak

supar ph aausphet aauf laim, ph aauspheti dhatumal, ph aausphoras ke pramukh urvarak haian. supar ph aausphoras ko haddiyoan ko pisakar banaya jata hai.

mishrit urvarak

is prakar ke urvarakoan mean ek se adhik tatv paye jate haian. jaise-amoniya ph aausphoras, amoniyam supar ph aausphoras adi.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh