उर्वरक उद्योग
| chitr:Icon-edit.gif | is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav" |
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urvarak udyogoan ke vikas ka shrey vartaman ke vaijnanik krishi ko jata hai. kyoki inake prayog se ek or to phasaloan ka utpadan badha hai. doosari or bhoomi ki urvarata bhi sakaratmak roop se prabhavit huee hai. chooanki krishi phasalean mitti ke khanij tatvoan tatha naitrojan, phasphoras, gandhak, potaishiyam, maignishiyam, kailshiyam, evan lauh tatvoan ko tivrata se grahan karati hai. atev mitti ki urvarata ko banaye rakhane ke lie urvarakoan ka prayog kiya jata hai. yah svatantr bharat ka sabase navin udyog haian tatha bharat mean harit kranti ki saphalata ka shrey is udyog ko bhi hai.
aitihasik roop se desh mean supar phasphet urvarak ka pahala karakhana 1906 mean tamilanadu ke ranipet namak sthan par sthapit kiya gaya tha. 1944 mean karnatak ke bailegul namak sthan par 'maisoor kemikals end phartilaijars' ke nam se amoniya urvarak ka karakhana sthapit kiya gaya. 1947 mean amoniyam salphet ka pahala karakhana keral ke alavaye namak sthan par khola gaya.
urvarak karakhane
bharat mean sarvajanik evan niji dono kshetroan mean urvarak ka utpadan kiya jata hai. bharat ke pramukh sarvajanik kshetr ke nigam evan unake sanrakshakatv mean sthapit urvarak karakhane nimnalikhit haian-
- bharatiy urvarak nigam
bharatiy urvarak nigam (phartilaijar karporeshan aauph iandiya) ki sthapana 1951 mean huee thi. yah bharat ka sabase b da sarvajanik kshetr ka nigam hai. isake antargat
- sindari (3 ikaiyaan, sthapana- 1951 mean , eshiya ka sabase b da urvarak sanyatr)
- gorakhapur (uttar pradesh)
- ramagundam (aandhr pradesh)
- talachar (u disa)
- trambe (mumbee) adi karakhane sthapit kiye gaye haian.
- hindustan urvarak nigam
| varsh | utpadan (hazar tan) |
ayat (hazar tan) |
upabhog (hazar tan) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960-61 | 150 | 419 | 292 |
| 1970-71 | 1059 | 629 | 2177 |
| 1980-81 | 3005 | 2759 | 5516 |
| 1990-91 | 9045 | 2758 | 12546 |
| 1995-96 | 11335 | 3955 | 13877 |
| 1996-97 | 11155 | 1975 | 14308 |
| 1997-98 | 13062 | 3174 | 16188 |
| 1998-99 | 13621 | 3145 | 16798 |
| 1999-2000 | 14289 | 4075 | 18069 |
| 2000-2001 | 14704 | 2090 | 16702 |
| 2001-2002 | 14628 | 2399 | 17360 |
| 2002-2003 | 14468 | 1674 | 16094 |
| 2003-2004 | 14265 | 2018 | 16798 |
| 2004-2005 | 15405 | 2753 | 18398 |
| 2005-2006 | 15575 | 5254 | 20340 |
| 2006-2007 | 16095 | 6080 | 21652 (anumanit) |
is nigam ke adhin sthapit kiye gaye karakhane hai-
- barauni (bihar-2 ikaiyaan)
- nagaroop (asam)
- haldiya (pashchim bangal)
- bharatiy krishak urvarak sahakari nigam (iphako)
isaki sthapana 1967 mean ki gayi thi. isake antargat sthapit ikaiyaan haian- gujarat mean kalol tatha kachchh evan uttar pradesh mean aanvala (bareli) tatha phoolapur (ilahabad).
- kribhako ya krishak bharati ko-aauparetiv
san 1980 mean isaki sthapana rashtriy star ki sahakari sanstha ke roop mean ki gayi thi. isake adhin gujarat ke hajira namak sthan par ek vishal urvarak sanyantr sthapit kiya gaya hai.
- neshanal phartilaijars li.
isake adhin sthapit kiye gaye karakhane naangal tatha bhatianda (panjab), panipat (hariyana) tatha guna (madhy pradesh) mean sthit haian, jabaki udyog mandal (alavaye), kochin pratham tatha dvitiy karakhanean phartilaijars end kemikals travanakor li. ke adhin hai.
rajyoan ki drishti se
rajyoan ki drishti se tamilanadu mean nevali, ranipet, innaur, koyambatoor, kudaloo, tootikorin, av di tatha manali mean; gujarat mean kaandala, b dodara, udhana, hajira bhavanagar mean; andhr pradesh mean vishakhapatanam, maulali (haidarabad), tadepalli, tanookoo, nidadavala, ramagundam mean; jharakhand mean sindari, jamashedapur, bokaro tatha dhanavad; bihar mean dalamiya nagar tatha barauni mean; uttar pradesh me kanapur, gorakhapur tatha ilahabad (phoolapur) mean; u disa mean raurakela, prayadvip talachar mean; rajasthan mean khet di, saladipur (sikar) tatha kota mean; maharashtr mean mumbee, trambe, ambaranath tatha loni kalamor mean; asam mean namaroop tatha chandrapur mean; pashchim bangal mean barnapur, haldiya, risara tatha kharadah mean; karnatak mean mangalor, belagula tatha munirabad mean evan dilli mean urvarak karakhanean sthapit haian.
urvarak ka utpadan
bharat mean aj bhi urvarak ka utpadan avashyakata se kam kiya jata hai. kul maang ke lagabhag 45 pratishat videshoan se ayat karana p data hai jo sanyukt rajy amarika, roos, japan tatha poorvi yoorop ke deshoan se hota he. 2006-2007 mean kul 16095 hazar tan urvarak ka utparan kiya gaya jabaki is dauran kul 6080 hazar tan urvarak ayat kiye gaye.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh