एक व्यक्तित्व
mukhaprishth par chayanit ek vyaktitv ke lekhoan ki soochi
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right|80px|link=je. ar. di. tata|border jahaangir ratanaji dadabhaee tata adhunik bharat ki buniyad rakhane vali audyogik hastiyoan mean sarvopari the. inhoanne hi bharat ki pahali vanijyik viman seva 'tata eyaralaians' shuroo ki thi, jo age chalakar bharat ki rashtriy viman seva 'eyar iandiya' ban gee. is karan je. ar. di. tata ko 'bharat ke nagarik uddayan ka pita' bhi kaha jata hai. je. ar. di. tata, bharat ke pahale laiseans prapt payalat the. je. ar. di. tata ko fraans ke sarvochhch nagarikata puraskar 'lijan aauph d aaunar' evan bharat sarakar ke sarvochhch alankaran 'bharat ratn' se samhmanit kiya ja chuka hai. inhoanne 'tata ianstityoot aauf soshal saiansej', 'tata ianstityoot aauf fandameantal risarch' aur 'neshanal seantar f aaur parafarmiang arts' ki shthapana ki. ... aur padhean |
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right|80px|link=ar. ke. lakshman|border ar. ke. lakshman ko bharat ke ek pramukh vyang-chitrakar ke roop mean prasiddhi prapt hai. apane kartoonoan ke zarie ar. ke. lakshman ne ek am adami ko ek vyapak sthan diya aur usake jivan ki mayoosi, aandhere, ujale, khushi aur gam ko shabdoan aur rekhaoan ki madad se samaj ke samane rakha. lakshman ke b de bhaee ar. ke. narayan ek kathakar tatha upanyasakar the, jinaki rachanaean 'gaid' tatha 'malagudi dez' ne prasiddhi ki ooanchaiyoan ko chhua tha. ek kartoonist ke roop mean prasiddhi prapt karane ke sath hi lakshman ne mahattvapoorn lekhan bhi kiya. unaki atmakatha 'tanal tu taim' unaki lekhan kshamata ka praman samane lati hai. ar. ke. lakshman ke kartoonoan mean ek am adami ko prastut karati ek chhavi jitani sadagi bhari hai, utani hi paini bhi hoti hai. ar. ke. lakshman ko unake mahattvapoorn yogadan ke lie padm bhooshan, padm vibhooshan, reman megsese puraskar adi samman v puraskar prapt ho chuke haian. ... aur padhean |
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right|80px|link=abulakalam azad|border maulana abulakalam azad ek muslim vidvan, svatantrata senani evan varishth rajanitik neta the. unhoanne hindoo-muslim ekata ka samarthan kiya aur saanpradayikata par adharit desh ke vibhajan ka virodh kiya. svatantr bharat mean vah bharat sarakar ke pahale shiksha mantri the. unhean 'maulana azad' ke nam se jana jata hai. sangit natak akadami (1953), sahity akadami (1954) aur lalit kala akadami (1954) ki sthapana mean aham bhoomika thi. varsh 1992 mean maranoparant inhean bharat ratn se sammanit kiya gaya. ek iansan ke roop mean maulana mahanh the, unhoanne hamesha sadagi ka jivan pasand kiya. unamean kathinaiyoan se joojhane ke lie apar sahas aur ek sant jaisi manavata thi. unaki mrityu ke samay unake pas koee sanpatti nahian thi aur n hi koee baiank khata tha. vah apane varishth sathi 'khan abdulagaffar khaan' aur apane kanishth 'ashafaq ulla khaan' ke sath rahe. ... aur padhean |
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right|80px|link=si. di. deshamukh|border si. di. deshamukh british shasan ke adhin aee.si.es. adhikari aur bharatiy rizarv baiank ke tisare gavarnar the. inaka janm maharashtr ke rayagadh zile mean 14 janavari, 1896 ee. ko hua. inake pita dvarakanath deshamukh ek sammanit vakil aur maan bhagirathi baee ek dharmik mahila thi. deshamukh ne 1912 mean banbee vishvavidyalay se maitrik ki pariksha pratham shreni mean pas ki. sath hi inhoanne sanskrit ki jagannath shankar set chhatravritti bhi hasil ki. 1917 mean inhoanne kaianbrij vishvavidyalay se nechural saians se, vanaspati shastr, rasayan shastr tatha bhoogarbh shastr lekar, grejueshan pas kiya. apane vibhinn yogadanoan ke lie inhean kalakatta vishvavidyalay dvara 'd aauktar aauf saians' (1957), reman maigsese puraskar (1959), bharat sarakar dvara padm vibhooshan (1975) se sammanit kiya gaya. ... aur padhean |
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right|80px|link=khashaba jadhav|border khashaba jadhav bharat ke prasiddh kushti khila di the. ve pahale bharatiy khila di the, jinhoanne san 1952 mean helasianki olampik mean desh ke lie kushti ki vyaktigat spardha mean sabase pahale kaansy padak jita tha. vaise to 1952 ke helasianki olampik mean bharatiy h aauki tim ne phir se svarn padak hasil kiya tha, lekin charcha sone se adhik us kaansy padak ki hoti hai, jise pahalavan khashaba jadhav ne jita tha. khashaba ko "p aauket dayanamo" ke nam se bhi jana jata hai. muanbee pulis ke lie khashaba jadhav ne 25 sal tak sevaean dian, lekin unake sahakarmi is bat ko kabhi nahian jan sake ki ve olampik chaianpiyan haian. pulis vibhag mean khel kota khashaba ke olampik mean padak jitane ke bad hi shuroo hua. aj bhi logoan ki bharti khel kota se hoti hai, lekin yah khashaba jadhav ki hi den hai. ... aur padhean |
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right|80px|nazir akabarabadi|link=nazir akabarabadi|border nazir akabarabadi urdoo mean nazm likhane vale pahale kavi mane jate haian. samaj ki har chhoti-b di khoobi ko nazir sahab ne kavita mean tabdil kar diya. kak di, jalebi aur til ke laddoo jaisi vastuoan par likhi gee kavitaoan ko alochak kavita manane se inakar karate rahe. bad mean nazir sahab ki 'utkrisht shayari' ko pahachana gaya aur aj ve urdoo sahity ke shikhar par virajaman chand namoan ke sath baizzat gine jate haian. lagabhag sau varsh ki ayu pane par bhi is shayar ko jite ji utani khyati nahian prapt huee jitani ki unhean aj mil rahi hai. nazir ki shayari se pata chalata hai ki unhoanne jivan-roopi pustak ka adhyayan bahut achchhi tarah kiya hai. bhasha ke kshetr mean bhi ve udar haian, unhoanne apani shayari mean jan-sanskriti ka, jisamean hindoo sanskriti bhi shamil hai, digdarshan karaya hai aur hindi ke shabdoan se parahez nahian kiya hai. unaki shaili sidhi asar dalane vali hai aur alankaroan se mukt hai. shayad isilie ve bahut lokapriy bhi hue. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=paandurang vaman kane|border paandurang vaman kane sanskrit ke ek vidvanh evan prachyavidya visharad the. paandurang vaman kane ka sabase b da yogadan unaka vipul sahity hai, jisaki rachana mean unhoanne apana mahattvapoorn jivan lagaya. ve apane mahanh granthoan- 'sahityashastr' aur 'dharmashastr' par 1906 ee. se kary kar rahe the. inamean 'dharmashastr ka itihas' sabase mahattvapoorn aur prasiddh hai. paanch bhagoan mean prakashit b de akar ke 6500 prishthoan ka yah granth, bharatiy dharmashastr ka vishvakosh hai. isamean eesvi poorv 600 se lekar 1800 ee. tak ki bharat ki vibhinn dharmik pravrittiyoan ka pramanik vivechan prastut kiya gaya hai. hindoo vidhi aur achar vichar sanbandhi paandurang vaman kane ka kul prakashit sahity 20,000 prishthoan se adhik ka hai. d aau. paandurang vaman kane ki mahanh upalabdhiyoan ke lie bharat sarakar dvara sanh 1963 mean unhean 'bharat ratn' se sammanit kiya gaya. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=bismillah khaan|border ustad bismillah khaan 'bharat ratn' se sammanit prakhyat shahanaee vadak the. san 1969 mean 'eshiyaee sangit sammelan' ke 'rostam puraskar' se sammanit bismillah khaan ne shahanaee ko bharat ke bahar ek vishisht pahachan dilavane mean mukhy yogadan diya. 1947 mean azadi ki poorv sandhya par jab lal qile par desh ka jhanda tiranga phahara raha tha, tab bismillah khaan ki shahanaee bhi vahaan azadi ka sandesh baant rahi thi. bismilla khaan ne 'bajari', 'chaiti' aur 'jhoola' jaisi lokadhunoan mean baje ko apani tapasya aur riyaz se khoob sanvara aur klasikal mausiqi mean shahanaee ko sammanajanak sthan dilaya. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=lala lajapat ray|border lala lajapat ray ko bharat ke mahanh kraantikariyoan mean gina jata hai. ajivan british rajashakti ka samana karate hue apane pranoan ki paravah n karane vale lala lajapat ray ko 'panjab kesari' bhi kaha jata hai. lalaji bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ke garam dal ke pramukh neta tatha poore panjab ke pratinidhi the. unhean 'panjab ke sher' ki upadhi bhi mili thi. unhoanne qanoon ki shiksha prapt kar hisar mean vakalat prarambh ki thi, kintu bad mean svami dayanand ke sampark mean ane ke karan ve ary samaj ke prabal samarthak ban gaye. yahian se unamean ugr rashtriyata ki bhavana jagrit huee. lalaji ne bhagavan shrikrishna, ashok, shivaji, svami dayanand sarasvati, pandit gurudatt vidyarthi, metsini aur gairibaldi ki sankshipt jivaniyaan bhi likhian. 'neshanal ejukeshan', 'anahaippi iandiya' aur 'd stori aauf maee dipordeshan' unaki any mahattvapoorn rachanaean haian. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=kavi pradip|border kavi pradip ka mool nam 'ramachandr narayan dvivedi' tha. kavi sammelanoan mean sooryakant tripathi 'nirala' jaise mahanh sahityakar ko prabhavit kar sakane ki kshamata ramachandr dvivedi mean thi. unhian ke ashirvad se ramachandr 'pradip' kahalane lage. kavi pradip 'ai mere vatan ke logoan' sarikhe deshabhakti gitoan ke lie jane jate haian. unhoanne 1962 ke 'bharat-chin yuddh' ke dauran shahid hue sainikoan ki shraddhaanjali mean ye git likha tha. lata mangeshakar dvara gae is git ka tatkalin pradhanamantri pandit javaharalal neharoo ki upasthiti mean 26 janavari, 1963 ko dilli ke ramalila maidan se sidha prasaran kiya gaya tha. kavi pradip apani rachanaean gakar hi sunate the aur unaki madhur avaz ka sadupayog anek sangit nirdeshakoan ne alag-alag samay par kiya. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=gajanan madhav 'muktibodh'|border gajanan madhav 'muktibodh' ki prasiddhi pragatishil kavi ke roop mean hai. muktibodh hindi sahity ki svatantryottar pragatishil kavyadhara ke shirsh vyaktitv the. unhean pragatishil kavita aur nayi kavita ke bich ka ek setu bhi mana jata hai. muktibodh hindi sansar ki ek ghatana ban ge. kuchh aisi ghatana jisaki or se aankhean mooand lena asambhav tha. unaka ekanishth sangharsh, unaki atoot sachchaee, unaka poora jivan, sabhi ek sath hamari bhavanaoan ke keandriy manch par samane ae aur sabhi ne unake kavi hone ko nee drishti se dekha. kaisa jivan tha vah aur aise usaka aant kyoan hua. aur vah samuchit khyati se ab tak vanchit kyoan rahe? ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=jayashankar prasad|border jayashankar prasad hindi naty jagath aur katha sahity mean ek vishisht sthan rakhate haian. bhavana-pradhan kahani likhane valoan mean jayashankar prasad anupam the. kavita, natak, kahani, upanyas sabhi kshetroan mean prasad ji ek navin 'skool' aur navin jivan-darshan ki sthapana karane mean saphal hue. ve 'chhayavad' ke sansthapakoan aur unnayakoan mean se ek haian. kaha jata hai ki nau varsh ki avastha mean hi jayashankar prasad ne 'kaladhar' upanam se brajabhasha mean ek savaiya likhakar apane guru rasamayasiddh ko dikhaya tha. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=ramadhari sianh 'dinakar'|border ramadhari sianh 'dinakar' hindi ke prasiddh kavi, lekhak evan nibandhakar haian. 'dinakar' adhunik yug ke shreshth vir ras ke kavi ke roop mean sthapit haian. 'dinakar' padm bhooshan ke atirikt apani gady rachana 'sanskriti ke char adhyay' ke liye sahity akadami puraskar tatha kavy-natak urvashi ke liye jnanapith puraskar se sammanit haian. 'dinakar' bharat ki pratham sansad mean rajyasabha ke sadasy bhi chune gaye. 12 varsh tak sansad sadasy rahane ke bad inhean 'bhagalapur vishvavidyalay' ka kulapati niyukt kiya gaya lekin agale hi varsh bharat sarakar ne inhean apana 'hindi salahakar' niyukt kiya. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=sooradas|border sooradas hindi sahity ke bhaktikal mean krishna bhakti ke bhakt kaviyoan mean agrani hai. mahakavi sooradas ji vatsaly ras ke samrat mane jate haian. unhoanne shrriangar aur shant rasoan ka bhi b da marmasparshi varnan kiya hai. sooradas ji ke janmaandh hone ke vishay mean bhi matabhed haian. agara ke samip googhat par unaki bheant vallabhachary se huee aur ve unake shishy ban ge. vallabhachary ne unako pushtimarg mean diksha de kar krishnalila ke pad gane ka adesh diya. sooradas ji ashtachhap kaviyoan mean ek the. sooradas ki sarvasammat pramanik rachana 'soorasagar' hai. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=saradar patel|border saradar vallabhabhaee patel bharat ke svadhinata sangram ke dauran 'bharatiy rashtriy kaangres' ke pramukh netaoan mean se ve ek the. bharat ki svatantrata ke bad pahale tin varsh ve up pradhanamantri, grih mantri, soochana mantri aur rajy mantri rahe the. kushal kootaniti aur zaroorat p dane par sainy hastakshep dvara unhoanne adhikaansh riyasatoan ko tirange ke tale lane mean saphalata prapt ki. nitigat dridhata ke lie rashtrapita mahatma gaandhi ne unhean 'saradar' aur 'lauh purush' ki upadhi di. saradar patel ko maranoparaant varsh 1991 mean bharat ka sarvochch nagarik samman 'bharat ratn' diya gaya. saradar patel ke aitihasik karyoan mean somanath mandir ka punarniman, gaandhi smarak nidhi ki sthapana, kamala neharoo aspatal ki rooparekha adi kary sadaiv smaraniy raheange. ... aur padhean |
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right|120px|link=abdul kalam|border avul pakir jainullabdin abdul kalam bharat ke poorv rashtrapati, prasiddh vaijnanik aur abhiyanta ke roop mean vikhyat haian. inhean misail main ke nam se bhi jana jata hai. chamatkarik pratibha ke dhani abdul kalam ka vyaktitv itana unnat hai ki vah sabhi dharm, jati evan sampradayoan ke vyakti nazar ate haian. yah ek aise svikary bharatiy haian, jo sabhi ke lie 'ek mahanh adarsh' ban chuke haian. ye bharat ke vishisht vaijnanik haian, jinhean 30 vishvavidyalayoan aur sansthanoan se d aauktaret ki manad upadhi ke atirikt bharat ke nagarik samman ke roop mean padm bhooshan, padm vibhooshan evan bharat ratn se sammanit kiya ja chuka hai. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=devakinandan khatri|border devakinandan khatri hindi ke pratham tilismi lekhak the. unhoanne 'chandrakanta ', 'chandrakaanta santati', 'kajar ki kothari', 'nareandr-mohini', 'kusum kumari', 'vireandr vir', 'gupt goanda', 'katora bhar' aur 'bhootanath' jaisi rachanaean kian. hindi bhasha ke prachar-prasar mean unake upanyas 'chandrakanta' ka bahut b da yogadan raha hai. is upanyas ka rasasvadan karane ke lie kee gair-hindibhashiyoan ne hindi bhasha sikhi. baboo devakinandan khatri ne 'tilism', 'aiyyar' aur 'aiyyari' jaise shabdoan ko hindibhashiyoan ke bich lokapriy bana diya. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=tulasidas|border gosvami tulasidas hindi sahity ke akash ke param nakshatr, bhaktikal ki sagun dhara ki ramabhakti shakha ke pratinidhi kavi hai. tulasidas ek sath kavi, bhakt tatha samaj sudharak tinoan roopoan mean many hai. shriram ko samarpit vishvavikhyat granth shriramacharitamanas ko samast uttar bharat mean b de bhaktibhav se padha jata hai. apani patni 'ratnavali' se atyadhik prem ke karan tulasidas ko ratnavali ki phatakar "laj n aee apako daure aehu nath" sunani p di jisase inaka jivan hi parivartit ho gaya. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=sumitranandan pant|border sumitranandan pant hiandi sahity mean chhayavadi yug ke char stanbhoan mean se ek haian. sumitranandan pant aise sahityakaroan mean gine jate haian jinaka prakriti chitran samakalin kaviyoan mean sabase behatarin tha. hiandi sahity ke ‘viliyam vardsavarth’ kahe jane vale is kavi ne mahanayak amitabh bachchan ko ‘amitabh’ nam diya tha. adhi sadi se bhi adhik lanbe unake rachanakal mean adhunik hiandi kavita ka ek poora yug samaya hua hai. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=subhash chandr bos|border subhash chandr bos ke atirikt bharat ke itihas mean aisa koee vyaktitv nahian hua, jo ek sath mahanh senapati, vir sainik, rajaniti ka adbhut khila di aur antarrashtriy khyati prapt purushoan, netaoan ke samakaksh sadhikar baithakar kootaniti tatha charcha karane vala ho. gaandhiji ne bhi unaki desh ki azadi ke prati l dane ki bhavana dekhakar hi unhean 'deshabhaktoan ka deshabhakt' kaha tha. netaji us samay bharatiyata ki pahachan hi ban ge the aur bharatiy yuvak aj bhi unase prerana grahan karate haian. ve bharat ki amooly nidhi the. 'jayahind' ka nara aur abhivadan unhian ki den hai. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=svami vivekanand|border svami vivekanand ek yuva sannyasi ke roop mean bharatiy sanskriti ki sugandh videshoan mean bikharane vale sahity, darshan aur itihas ke prakand vidvanh the. vivekanand ji ka mool nam 'nareandranath datt' tha. inhoanne hindoo dharm ko gatishil tatha vyavaharik banaya aur sudridh sabhyata ke nirman ke lie adhunik manav se pashchimi vijnan v bhautikavad ko bharat ki adhyatmik sanskriti se jo dane ka agrah kiya. bharat mean svami vivekanand ke janm divas ko rashtriy yuva divas ke roop mean manaya jata hai. ... aur padhean |
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right|100px|link=maharana pratap|border maharana pratap ki virata aur svarth-tyag ka vrittant meva d ke itihas mean atyant gauravamay samajha jata hai. vah tithi dhany hai, jab meva d ki shaury-bhoomi par meva d-mukut mani rana pratap ka janm hua. inhoanne pratijna ki thi ki vah 'mata ke pavitr doodh ko kabhi kalankit nahian kareange' aur is pratijna ka palan inhoanne poori tarah se kiya. maharana pratap praja ke hriday par shasan karane vale raja the. maharana pratap ne ek pratishthit kul ke man-samman aur usaki upadhi ko prapt kiya. maharana pratap ki jayanti vikrami samvath kॅlandar ke anusar prativarsh jyeshth, shukl paksh tritiya ko manaee jati hai. ... aur padhean |
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miraanbaee athava mirabaee hindoo adhyatmik kavayitri thian, jinake shrikrishna ke prati samarpit bhajan uttar bharat mean bahut lokapriy haian. mira ka sambandh ek rajapoot parivar se tha. ek sadhu dvara bachapan mean unhean krishna ki moorti die jane ke sath hi unaki ajanm krishnabhakti ki shuruat huee, jinaki vah divy premi ke roop mean aradhana karati thian. ... aur padhean |
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right|80px|harivansh ray bachchan|link=harivansh ray bachchan|border harivansh ray bachchan ke kavy ki vilakshanata unaki lokapriyata hai. yah ni:sankoch kaha ja sakata hai ki aj bhi hindi ke hi nahian, sare bharat ke sarvadhik lokapriy kaviyoan mean 'bachchan' ka sthan surakshit hai. hindi mean 'halavad' ke janak 'bachchan' ki mukhy kritiyaan 'madhushala', 'madhubala' aur 'madhukalash' ne hiandi kavy par amit chhap chho di. harivansh ray bachchan ke putr amitabh bachchan bharatiy sinema jagath ke prasiddh sitare haian. ... aur padhean |
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right|80px|nazir akabarabadi|link=nazir akabarabadi|border nazir akabarabadi urdoo mean nazm likhane vale pahale kavi mane jate haian. samaj ki har chhoti-b di khoobi ko nazir sahab ne kavita mean tabdil kar diya. kak di, jalebi aur til ke laddoo jaisi vastuoan par likhi gee kavitaoan ko alochak kavita manane se inkar karate rahe. bad mean nazir sahab ki 'utkrisht shayari' ko pahachana gaya aur aj ve urdoo sahity ke shikhar par virajaman chand namoan ke sath baizzat gine jate haian. ... aur padhean |
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right|80px|rahul saankrityayan|link=rahul saankrityayan|border
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right|100px|mahadevi varma|link=mahadevi varma|border
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right|100px|border|premachand|link=premachand
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right|100px|border|shivaji|link=shivaji
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right|100px|border|javaharalal neharoo|link=javaharalal neharoo
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right|100px|mahatma gaandhi|border|link=mahatma gaandhi
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right|100px|chandrashekhar veankat raman|border|link=chandrashekhar veankat raman
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