ओलम्पिक खेल
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olanpik ka itihas
prachin kal mean shaanti ke samay yoddhaoan ke bich pratispardha ke sath kheloan ka vikas hua. dau d, mukkebaji, kushti aur rathoan ki dau d sainik prashikshan ka hissa hua karate the. inamean se sabase behatar pradarshan karane vale yoddha pratispardhi kheloan mean apana damakham dikhate the.
samachar ejeansi ‘araeee novosti’ ke anusar prachin olanpik kheloan ka ayojan 1200 sal poorv yoddha-khila diyoan ke bich hua tha. halaanki olanpik ka pahala adhikarik ayojan 776 eesa poorv mean hua tha, jabaki akhiri bar isaka ayojan 394 eesvi mean hua.
isake bad rom ke samrat thiyodosis ne ise moortipooja vala utsav karar dekar is par pratibandh laga diya gaya.
isake bad lagabhag dedh sau saloan tak in kheloan ko bhula diya gaya. halaanki madhyakal mean abhijaty vargoan ke bich alag-alag tarah ki pratispardhaean hoti rahian. lekin inhean khel ayojan ka darja nahian mil saka.
kul milakar rom aur gris jaisi prabhutvadi sabhyataoan ke abhav mean is kal mean logoan ke pas kheloan ke lie samay nahian tha.
19vian shatabdi mean yoorop mean sarvamany sabhyata ke vikas ke sath puratan kal ki is paranpara ko phir se jianda kiya gaya. isaka shrey phraans ke abhijat puroosh bairoan piyare di kuvarten ko jata hai.
kuvarten ne do lakshy rakhe, ek to kheloan ko apane desh mean lokapriy banana aur doosara, sabhi deshoan ko ek shaantipoorn pratispardha ke lie ekatrit karana. kuvarten manate the ki khel yuddhoan ko talane ke sabase achchhe madhyam ho sakate haian.
kuvarten ki is parikalpana ke adhar par varsh 1896 mean pahali bar adhunik olanpik kheloan ka ayojan gris ki rajadhani etheans mean hua. shuruati dashak mean olanpik aandolan apane astitv ko bachane ke lie sangharsh karata raha kyoanki kuvarten ki is parikalpana ko kisi bhi b di shakti ka sath nahian mil saka tha.
varsh 1900 tatha 1904 mean peris tatha seant luee mean hue olanpik ke do sanskaran lokapriy nahian ho sake kyoanki is dauran bhavy ayojanoan ki kami rahi. landan mean apane chauthe sanskaran ke sath olanpik aandolan shakti sanpann hua. isamean 2000 ethalitoan ne shirakat kiya. yah sankhya pichhale tin ayojanoan ke yog se adhik thi.
varsh 1930 ke barlin sanskaran ke sath to manoan olanpik aandolan mean nee jivan shakti a gee. samajik aur rajanaitik star par jari pratispardha ke karan najiyoan ne ise apani shreshthata sabit karane ka madhyam bana diya.
1950 ke dashak mean soviyat-amerika pratispardha ke khel ke maidan mean ane ke sath hi olanpik ki khyati charam par pahuanch gee. isake bad to khel kabhi bhi rajaniti se alag nahian hua.
khel keval rajaniti ka vishay nahian rahe. ye rajaniti ka aham hissa ban ge. chooanki soviyat sangh aur amerika jaisi mahashaktiyaan kabhi nahian khule taur par ek doosare ke sath yuddh ke maidan mean bhi d nahian sakian. lihaja unhoanne olanpik ko apani shreshthata sabit karane ka madhyam bana liya.
amerika ke poorv rashtrapati j aaun eph. kenedi ne ek bar kaha tha ki aantariksh yan aur olanpik svarn padak hi kisi desh ki pratishtha ka pratik hote haian.
shit yuddh ke kal mean aantariksh yan aur svarn padak mahashaktiyoan ka sabase b da uddeshy banakar ubhare. b de khel ayojan is shaanti yuddh ka aang ban ge aur khel ke maidan yuddhasthaloan mean parivartit ho ge.
soviyat sangh ne varsh 1968 ke maiksiko olanpik mean padakoan ke ho d mean amerika ke hathoan mili har ka badala 1972 ke myoonikh olanpik mean chukaya. soviyat sangh ki 50vian varshagaanth par vahaan ke log kisi bhi kimat par amerika se harana nahian chahate the.
isi ka natija tha ki soviyat ethalitoan ne 50 svarn padakoan ke sath kul 99 padak jite. yah sankhya amerika dvara jite ge padakoan se ek tihaee jyada thi.
sal 1980 mean amerika aur usake pashchim ke mitr rashtroan ne 1980 ke m aausko olanpik mean shirakat karane se inakar kar diya. isake bad hisab chukane ke lie soviyat sangh ne 1984 ke l aaus eanjalis olanpik ka bahishkar kar diya.
sal 1988 ke siyol olanpik mean soviyat sangh ne ek bar phir apani shreshthata sabit ki. usane 132 padak jite. isamean 55 svarn the. amerika ko 34 svarn sahit 94 padak mile the. amerika poorvi jarmani ke bad tisare sthan par raha.
varsh 1992 ke barsilona olanpik mean bhi soviyat sangh ne apana varchasv kayam rakha. halaanki us vakt tak soviyat sangh ka vighatan ho chuka tha. ek sanyukt tim ne olanpik mean hissa liya tha. isake bavajood usane 112 padak jite. isamean 45 svarn the. amerika ko 37 svarn ke sath 108 padak mile the.
sal 1996 ke atalaanta aur 2000 ke sidani olanpik mean roos (soviyat sangh ke vibhajan ke bad ka nam) gair adhikarik aank talika mean doosare sthan par raha. 2004 ke etheans olanpik mean use tisara sthan mila.
bijiang olanpik 2008 ko ab tak ka sabase achchha ayojan mana ja gaya hai. pandrah din tak chale olanpik kheloan ke dauran chin ne na sirf apani shanadar mezabani se logoan ka dil jita balki sabase zyada svarn padak jit kar bhi itihas racha.
pahali bar padak talika mean chin sabase oopar raha. jabaki amarika ko doosare sthan se hi santosh karana p da. bharat ne bhi olanpik ke itihas mean vyaktigat spardhaoan mean pahali bar koee svarn padak jita aur use pahali bar ek sath tin padak bhi mile.
1896 - 1936 olanpik
pahale adhunik olanpik khel yoonan ki rajadhani etheans mean 1896 mean ayojit kie ge. lekin usake bad bhi saloan tak olanpik aandolan ka svaroop nahian le paya.
tamam suvidhaoan ki kami, ayojan ki mejabani ki samasya aur khila diyoan ki kam bhagidari-in sabhi samasyaoan ke bavajood dhire-dhire olanpik apane maqasad mean qamayab hota gaya.
etheans olanpik kheloan mean sirf 14 deshoan ke 200 logoan ne 43 muqabaloan mean hissa liya. 1896 ke bad peris ko olanpik ki mejabani ka iantazar nahian karana p da aur use 1900 mean mauqa mil hi gaya.
peris mean mahila khila diyoan ki sankhya sirf 20 thi. peris mean olanpik ayojit to hue lekin vahaan etheans jaisa utsah dekhane ko nahian mila.
1904 ke seant luee olanpik ke bad amariki khila diyoan ka dabadaba traik eand fild muqabaloan mean badhata gaya. shuruat mean to traik eand fild muqabaloan mean sirf amariki khila di hi bhag lete the.
landan mean pahali bar olanpik ayojit hue 1908 mean. pahali bar khila diyoan ne apane desh ke jhande ke sath stediyam mean march past kiya. lekin isi olanpik mean amariki khila diyoan ne jajoan par arop lagaya ki ve apane desh ka paksh le rahe haian.
1912 mean st aaukahom mean olanpik hue aur phir vishv yuddh ki chhaya bhi in kheloan par p di. vishv yuddh ke bad eantavarp olanpik 1920 mean ayojit hua.
doosare vishv yuddh ke pahale barlin mean 1936 mean olanpik ayojit hua tha. is samay tak olanpik mean hissedari badh gee thi. samman badh gaya tha. lekin vishv rajaniti ka asar bhi kheloan par dekhane ko mila. virodh hue aur banti huee duniya ka asar khel ke maidan par bhi p da. aie nazar dalate haian 1896 se 1936 ke olanpik kheloan par.
1948 - 2004 olanpik
doosare vishv yuddh ke bad 1948 mean olanpik ke ayojan ki zimmedari mili landan ko. yuddh ke zakhm bhare nahian the. age ane vale kee olanpik kheloan mean bahishkar aur virodh ka apana hi aandaz dekhane ko mila. kee bar kisi khas deshoan ko nyauta nahian mila to kee bar deshoan ne olanpik ka hi bahishkar kiya.
bhale hi vishv yuddh khatm ho gaya tha. lekin duniya banti huee thi. shit yuddh chal raha tha. duniya do kheme mean banti huee thi. olanpik bhi kabhi-kabhi rajaniti ki bisat par ek mohara sabit hua. 1972 ke myoonikh olanpik mean to charamapanthi hamale aur isaraili khila diyoan ki hatya se sanasani fail gee.
to doosari or tamam vivadoan ke bavajood olanpik kheloan ka ayojan hota raha. khila di maidan par apani pratibha ka jadoo dikhane ko betab dikhe aur olanpik padak lene ki ho d si lag gee. duniya ne olanpik kheloan mean kee mahan khila diyoan ka pradarshan dekha to kee mahan khila diyoan ki vidaee bhi di.
is bich pradarshan ke lie khila diyoan ke drags lene ka mamala bhi samane aya aur ratoan-rat star bane ben j aaunasan ko apana padak ganvana p da. khel ki duniya ke lie yah b da jhataka tha. lekin olanpik ayojan samiti ne apani or se isase nipatane ki koshish ki.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh