कबीर

kabir
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janm bhoomi	laharatara tal, kashi
mrityu	magahar mean 120 varsh ki ayu mean
pati/patni	loee
santan	kamal, kamali
karm bhoomi	kashi, banaras
karm-kshetr	samaj sudharak kavi
mukhy rachanaean	sakhi, sabad aur ramaini
bhasha	avadhi, sadhukk di, panchamel khich di
inhean bhi dekhean	kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi

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mahatma kabiradas ke janm ke samay mean bharat ki rajanitik, samajik, arthik evan dharmik dasha shochaniy thi. ek taraph musalaman shasakoan ki dharmaanndhata se janata pareshan thi aur doosari taraph hindoo dharm ke karmakaand, vidhan aur pakhand se dharm ka hras ho raha tha. janata mean bhakti- bhavanaoan ka sarvatha abhav tha. panditoan ke pakhandapoorn vachan samaj mean phaile the. aise sangharsh ke samay mean, kabiradas ka prardubhav hua.

jivan parichay

kabiradas ke janm ke sanbandh mean anek kianvadantiyaan haian. kuchh logoan ke anusar ve guru ramanand svami ke ashirvad se kashi ki ek vidhava brahmani ke garbh se utpann hue the. brahmani us navajat shishu ko laharatara tal ke pas pheank ayi. use niru nam ka julaha apane ghar le aya. unaki mata ka nam 'nima' tha. usi ne usaka palan-poshan kiya. bad mean yahi balak kabir kahalaya. ek jagah kabiradas ne kaha hai :-

jati julaha nam kabira
bani bani phiro udasi.

kabir panthiyoan ki manyata hai ki kabir ka janm kashi mean laharatara talab mean utpann kamal ke manohar pushp ke oopar balak ke roop mean hua. kuchh logoan ka kahana hai ki ve janm se musalaman the aur yuvavastha mean svami ramanand ke prabhav se unhean hindoo dharm ki batean maloom hueean. ek din, ek pahar rat rahate hi kabir panchaganga ghat ki sidhiyoan par gir p de. ramanand ji ganga snan karane ke liye sidhiyaan utar rahe the ki tabhi unaka pair kabir ke sharir par p d gaya. unake mukh se tatkal `ram-ram' shabd nikal p da. usi ram ko kabir ne diksha-mantr man liya aur ramanand ji ko apana guru svikar kar liya. kabir ke hi shabdoan mean-

ham kasi mean prakat bhaye haian,
ramanand chetaye.

mahatma kabir ke janm ke vishay mean bhinn- bhinn mat haian. kabiradas ne svayan ko kashi ka julaha kaha hai. kabirapanth ke anusar unaka nivasasthan kashi tha. bad mean kabiradas kashi chho dakar magahar chale ge the. aisa unhoanne svayan kaha haian :-

sakal janam shivapuri ganvaya.
marati bar magahar uthi aya..
aisa kaha jata hai ki kabiradas ka sampoorn jivan kashi mean hi bita, kintu vah ant samay magahar chale ge the.
ab kahu ram kavan gati mori.
tajile banaras mati bhee mori..
kabir ka vivah kanya "loee' ke sath hua tha. janashruti ke anusar unhean ek putr kamal tatha putri kamali thi. kabir padhe-likhe nahian the-
masi kagad chhoovo nahian, qalam gahi nahian hath.
kabir ka putr kamal unake mat ka virodhi tha.
boo da bans kabir ka, upaja poot kamal.
hari ka simaran chhodi ke, ghar le aya mal.

rachanayean

yah aisa sansar hai, jaisa seanbal phool . din das ke vyauhar ko, jhoothe rang n bhooli ॥ - kabir (kabir grathavali, pri. 21) kajal keri kothari, kajal hi ka kot . balihari ta das ki, je rahai ram ki ot ॥ - kabir (kabir grathavali, pri. 50) ham dekhat jag jat haian, jab dekhat ham jaanh . aisa koee na milai, pak di chhu davai baanh ॥ - kabir (kabir grathavali, pri. 67)

kabiradas ne hindoo-musalaman ka bhed mita kar hindoo-bhaktoan tatha musalaman phakiroan ka satsang kiya aur donoan ki achchhi batoan ko hridayaangam kar liya. sant kabir ne svayan granth nahian likhe, muanh se bole aur unake shishyoan ne use likh liya. kabiradas anapadh the. kabiradas ke samast vicharoan mean ram-nam ki mahima pratidhvanit hoti hai. ve ek hi eeshvar ko manate the aur karmakand ke ghor virodhi the. avatar, moortti, roza, eed, maszid, mandir adi ko ve nahian manate the. kabir ke nam se mile granthoan ki sankhya bhinn-bhinn lekhoan ke anusar bhinn-bhinn hai. kabir ki vani ka sangrah `bijak' ke nam se prasiddh hai. isake tin bhag haian-

1. ramaini
2. sabad
3. sakhi

bhasha

bijak panjabi, rajasthani, kh di boli, avadhi, poorabi, brajabhasha adi kee bhashaoan ki khich di hai. kabiradas ne bolachal ki bhasha ka hi prayog kiya hai.

jivan darshan

kabir paramatma ko mitr, mata, pita aur pati ke roop mean dekhate haian. ve kahate haian- harimor piu, maian ram ki bahuriya . to kabhi kahate haian- hari janani maian balak tora. us samay hiandu janata par muslim atank ka kahar chhaya hua tha. kabir ne apane panth ko is dhang se suniyojit kiya jisase muslim mat ki or jhuki huee janata sahaj hi inaki anuyayi ho gayi. unhoanne apani bhasha saral aur subodh rakhi taki vah am adami tak pahuanch sake. isase donoan sampradayoan ke paraspar milan mean suvidha huee. inake panth musalaman-sanskriti aur gobhakshan ke virodhi the. kabir ko shaantimay jivan priy tha aur ve ahiansa, saty, sadachar adi gunoan ke prashansak the. apani saralata, sadhu svabhav tatha sant pravritti ke karan aj videshoan mean bhi unaka adar hota hai.

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vriddhavastha mean yash aur kirtti ne unhean bahut kasht diya. usi halat mean unhoanne banaras chho da aur atmanirikshan tatha atmaparikshan karane ke liye desh ke vibhinn bhagoan ki yatraean kian. isi kram mean ve kalianjar zile ke pithaurabad shahar mean pahuanche. vahaan ramkrishna ka chhota sa mandir tha. vahaan ke sant bhagavan gosvami jijnasu sadhak the kiantu unake tarkoan ka abhi tak poori tarah samadhan nahian hua tha. sant kabir se unaka vichar-vinimay hua. kabir ki ek sakhi ne un ke man par gahara asar kiya-

ban te bhaga bihare p da, karaha apani ban.
karaha bedan kasoan kahe, ko karaha ko jan..
moortti pooja ko lakshy karate hue kabiradas ne kaha hai-
pahan pooje hari milaian, to maian poojauan pahar.
ya te to chaki bhali, jase pisi khay sansar..
119 varsh ki avastha mean unhoanne magahar mean deh tyag kiya.

sambandhit liank

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