कमला नेहरू

kamala neharoo
kamala neharoo|200px|center
poora nam	kamala kaul neharoo
janm	1 agast, 1899
janm bhoomi	dilli
mrityu	28 faravari, 1936
mrityu sthan	svitzaralaind
abhibhavak	javaharamal kaul, rajapati kaul
pati/patni	javahar lal neharoo
santan	iandira gaandhi
karm bhoomi	bharat
nagarikata	bharatiy
aandolan	asahayog aandolan (1921)
any janakari	kamala neharoo ne mahatma gaandhi ki aitihasik daandi yatra mean bhi bhag liya. 1921 ke asahayog aandolan mean unhoanne videshi vastr tatha sharab ki bikri karane vali dukanoan ka gherav kiya.

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kamala kaul neharoo (aangrezi: Kamala Kaul Nehru, janm- 1 agast, 1899, dilli; mrityu- 28 faravari, 1936, svitzaralaind) bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ke shirsh netaoan mean se ek aur desh ke pratham pradhanamantri rahe pandit javaharalal neharoo ki patni thian. kamala neharoo ko aj bhi saumyata aur vinamrata ki pratimoorti ke roop mean yad kiya jata hai, kiantu desh ke ek samriddh aur sammanit parivar ki bahoo hone par bhi kamala neharoo parivar mean svayan ko ajanabi mahasoos karati rahian. british prashasan ne unhean do bar giraftar bhi kiya. unhoanne mahatma gaandhi ki aitihasik daandi yatra mean bhi bhag liya tha. thumb|left|kamala neharoo

parichay

kamala neharoo dilli ke pramukh vyapari pan dit 'javaharalalamal' aur rajapati kaul ki beti thian. ek bharatiy paranparagat kashmiri brahman parivar mean kamala ka janm 1 agast, 1899 ko dilli mean hua tha. kamala kaul ke do chhote bhaee aur ek chhoti bahan thi jinake nam kramash:- chandabahadur kaul, kailashanath kaul aur svaroop katjoo thi. kamala kaul ka satrah sal ki chhoti si umr mean hi vivah 8 pharavari 1916 ko javaharalal neharoo se ho gaya tha. unaka poora nam kamala kaul neharoo tha. british lekhika kaitharin praiansak ne apani pustak 'iandira: d laiph aauph iandira neharoo gaandhi' mean likha hai ki dilli ke paranparavadi hiandoo brahman parivar se sambandh rakhane ke karan hiandoo sanskar kamala neharoo ke charitr ka ek pramukh hissa the lekin pashchimi parivesh vale neharoo khanadan mean unhean ekadam viparit mahaul mila jisamean vah khud ko alag thalag mahasoos karati rahian. unaki beti tatha desh ki pahali mahila pradhanamantri iandira gaandhi ke jivan par pustakean likhane vale lekhakoan ne apani pustakoan mean is bat ka pramukhata se ullekh kiya hai ki kamala neharoo ki dharmik bhavanaoan ko neharoo khanadan mean samajha nahian gaya aur vah sadaiv us parivar mean khud ko ajanabi mahasoos karati rahian. itana sab hone par bhi kamala neharoo ne svatantrata sangram mean apane pati javaharalal neharoo ka kandhe se kandha milakar sath diya. neharoo ke rashtriy aandolan mean koodane par kamala neharoo ko bhi apani kshamata dikhane ka avasar mila.

andolanoan mean bhag

1921 ke asahayog aandolan mean unhoanne ilahabad mean mahilaoan ka ek samooh gathit kiya aur videshi vastr tatha sharab ki bikri karane vali dukanoan ka gherav kiya. itihasakaroan ka kahana hai ki kamala neharoo mean gazab ka atmavishvas aur netritv kshamata thi. jab unake pati ko ek bar rashtradrohi bhashan dene ke arop mean giraftar kar liya gaya to vah unaki jagah gayian aur kamala ji ne neharoo ji ka bhashan padha.

giraftari

[[chitr:Jawahar-Lal-Nehru-Family.jpg|thumb|motilal neharoo (daean kh de) apane bete javaharalal, bahoo kamala neharoo (bich mean) aur parivar ke any sadasyoan ke sath]] british prashasan ne unhean do bar giraftar bhi kiya. unhoanne mahatma gaandhi ki aitihasik daandi yatra mean bhi bhag liya. saumy, chharahari tatha vinamrata ki moorti kamala neharoo ne 19 navambar 1917 mean beti iandira priyadarshani ko janm diya jinhoanne apane pita ki tarah hi bharat ka netritv kiya aur kaangres parti ki adhyaksh bhi rahian. kamala ne navanbar 1924 mean ek l dake ko bhi janm diya tha, kiantu vah samay se pahale paida ho gaya aur 2 din bad hi usaka nidhan ho gaya.

mahatma gaandhi ke ashram mean

kamala neharoo ne kuchh samay kastooraba gaandhi ke sath mahatma gaandhi ke ashram mean bhi vyatit kiya, jahaan unaki jayaprakash narayan ki patni prabhavati devi se gahari mitrata ho gayi thi.

nidhan

28 pharavari, 1936 ko svitazaralaiand mean kamala neharoo ki behad kam umr mean tibi se mrityu ho gayi. ti. bi. us samay bhayankar bimari mani jati thi. unake pati shri javaharalal neharoo us samay jel mean the.

neharooji ji ka patni prem

lekhak ke nate pahali chij jise neharooji moolyavan manate haian vah hai insani rishta. insani rishte ko rajaniti aur arthashastr ki bahasoan ke bahane nazaraandaz nahian karana chahie. khasakar pati-patni ke sanbandhoan ke bich insani rishtoan ka ehasas rahana chahie. neharooji ne rekhaankit kiya hai ki bharat aur chin mean insani rishtoan ke ehasas ko nazar-aandaz nahian kiya gaya. yah hamari purani aklamand tahazib ki den hai. iansani ehasas vyakti mean santulan aur ham-vazanipan paida karata hai. neharooji likh rahe haian ki in dinoan yah ehasas kam ho gaya hai. isi kram mean neharooji ne likha "yaqini taur par ise mumakin hona chahie ki bhitari santulan ka bahari tarakki se, purane zamane ke jnan ka naye jamane ki shakti aur vijnan se mel qayam ho. sach dekha jay, to ham log duniya ke itihas ki ek si manzil par pahuanch ge haian ki agar yah mel n qayam ho saka, to donoan ka hi aant aur nash rakha hua hai." neharooji chahate the ham manav-sabhyata ki ab tak ki sabhi mahanh upalabdhiyoan ko atmasat karake vikas karean. kamala ke bare mean unaka lekhan isalie bhi mahatvapoorn hai kyoanki ve use apani patni ke rup mean nahian dekhate the, ve use bharat ki auratoan ka pratik manate the.
[[chitr:Jawahar-Lal-Nehru-Family-2.jpg|javaharalal neharoo apani patni kamala neharoo aur beti iandira gaandhi ke sath|thumb]] neharooji ne apani patni kamala neharoo ke lie likha "mere lie vah hiandustan ki mahilaoan, balki stri-matr, ki pratik ban gee. kabhi-kabhi hiandustan ke bare mean meri kalpana mean vah ek azib tarah se mil-jul jati, us hiandustan ki kalpana mean, jo apani sab kamazoriyoan ke bavajood hamara pyara desh hai, aur jo itana rahasyamay aur bhed-bhara hai. kamala kya thi ? kya maian use jan saka tha, usaki asali atma ko pahachan saka tha? kya usane mujhe pahachana aur samajha tha ? kyoanki maian bhi anokha adami raha hooan aur mujhamean bhi aisa rahasy raha hai, aisi gaharaeeyaan rahi haian, jinaki thah maian khud nahian laga saka hooan. kabhi-kabhi maianne khayal kiya hai ki vah mujhase isi vajah se zara sahami rahati thi. shadi ke mamale mean maian khatir-khah adami n raha hooan, n us vakt tha. kamala aur maian, ek-doosare se kuchh batoan mean bilakul zuda the, aur phir bhi kuchh batoan mean ham ek-jaise the. ham ek-doosare ki kamiyoan ko poora nahian karate the. hamari juda-juda takat hi apas ke vyavahar mean kamazori ban gee. ya to apas mean poora samajhauta ho, vicharoan ka mel ho, nahian to kathinaeeyaan to hoangi hi. ham mean koee bhi sadharan grihasthi ki zindagi gujare, use kubool karate hue, nahian bita sakate the."
kamala neharoo ki bimari ke samay pandit neharoo unake sath rahe aur unaki dekhabhal bhi ki, yah ekamatr unake karib rahane aur ek-doosare se sheyar karane ka sabase behatarin samay tha. kamala ki khoobi thi ki vah nidar aur nishkapat thian. ve neharooji ke rajanitik lakshyoan ko janati, manati aur usamean yathashakti madad bhi karati thi. sanh 1930 mean jab kaangres ke sabhi neta jeloan mean band the unhoanne rajaniti mean jamakar ruchi dikhaee. majedar bat yah thi us samay sare desh mean auratean s dakoan par sangharsh ke maidan mean utar p dian, in auratoan mean kamala bhi thian. maidan mean utarane vali auratoan mean sabhi vargoan aur samudayoan ki auratean thian. neharooji ne 'hiandustan ki kahani' mean isaka jikr kiya hai. us samay motilal neharoo ne bimari ki halat mean kaangres ke aandolan ka netritv kiya aur b di sankhya mean auratoan ne us aandolan mean hissa liya. yah ghatana 26 janavari 1931 ki hai. is din sare desh mean azadi ki salagirah manane ka phaisala liya gaya. desh mean hajaroan jalase hue unamean ek yadagar prastav pas kiya gaya. yah prastav har soobe ki bhasha mean tha. kamala ne isake pahale 1921 ke asahayog aandolan mean bhag liya. kamala dikhane mean samany thian, lekin karmathata ke mamale mean asadharan thi. unaki kshayarog ke karan 28 faravari 1936 mean svitajaralaiand mean mrityu huee. neharooji ne aantim samay ka varnan karate hue likha hai, "jyoan-jyoan akhiri din bitane lage, kamala mean achanak tabadili ati jan p di. usake jism ki halat, jahaan tak ham dekh sakate the, vaisi hi thi, lekin usaka dimag apane ird-gird ki chizoan par kam thaharata. vah mujhase kahatian ki koee use bula raha hai ya ki usane kisi shaql ya adami ko kamare mean ate dekha, jabaki maian kuchh n dekh pata tha. 28 faravari ko, bahut sabere usane apani akhiri saans li. iandira vahaan maujood thi, aur hamare sachche dost aur in mahinoan ke nirantar sathi daktar atal bhi maujood the. kuchh aur mitr svitajaralaiand ke pas ke shaharoan se a ge aur ham use lozan ke dahaghar mean le ge. chand minatoan mean vah suandar sharir aur pyara mukh da, jis par akasar muskarahat chhaee rahati thi, jalakar khak ho gaya. aur ab hamare pas sirf ek baratan raha, jisamean us satej, abadar aur jivan se lahalahate pranoan ki asthiyaan hamane bhar li thian."
neharoo jab kamala ki asthiyaan lekar laut rahe the to unaka man ekadam khinn aur udas tha, us kshan ko yad karate hue likha hai, "maianne aisa mahasoos kiya ki mujhamean kuchh nahian rah gaya hai aur maian bina kisi makasad ka ho gaya hooan. maian apane ghar ki taraf akela laut raha tha, us ghar ki taraf jo ab ghar nahian rah gaya tha, aur mere sath ek tokari thi, jisamean rakh ka ek baratan tha. kamala ka jo kuchh bach raha tha, yahi tha. aur hamare sab sukh sapane mar chuke the aur rakh ho chuke the. vah ab nahian rahi, kamala ab nahian rahi- mera dimag yahi duharata raha." neharooji ne apani atmakatha kamala ko samarpit karake behatarin shraddhaanjali di.

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