काबा

	kaba
	kaba\|200px\|center
vivaran	kaba sabase pahali masjid hai. islam ke char dharm–skandhoan mean 'hajz' ya 'kaba' yatra bhi ek hai.
sthan	makka (arab), arab
sanbandhit lekh	madina, muhammad
dharmik manyata	haj tirthayatra ke dauran bhi muslimoan ko tavaf namak mahattvapoorn dharmik rit poori karane ka nirdesh hai, jisamean kabe ki sat parikramaean ki jati haian.
any janakari	puranoan mean bhi shiv ke dvadash jyotirliangoan mean makka ke mahadev ka nam ata hai.

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kaba (arabi: الكعبة, aangrezi: Ka'aba, sahi uchcharan: k'aba) makka, sudi arab mean sthit ek ghanakar (kyoob ke akar ki) imarat hai jo islam dharm ka sabase pavitr sthal hai. uchch bhav aur eeshvar ke prati prem namaz (=namash) ki uparyukt prarthanaoan mean varnit hai, pathak us par svayan vichar kar sakate haian. saandhik namaz ka islam mean b da man hai. vastutah vah sanghashakti ko badhane vala bhi hai. sahasroan eshiya, yoorop aur afrika nivasi musalaman jis samay ek hi svar, ek hi bhasha aur ek bhav se prerit ho eeshvar ke charanarvind mean apani bhakti pushpajanli arpan karane ke lie ekatr hote haian, to kaisa anandamay drishy hota hai. us samay ki samanata ka kya kahana. ek hi pankti mean daridr aur badashah donoan kh de hokar bata dete haian ki eeshvar ke samane sab hi barabar haian. islam ke char dharm–skandhoan mean 'hajz' ya 'kaba' yatra bhi ek hai. 'kaba' arab ka prachin mandir hai. jo makka shahar mean hai. vikram ki pratham shatabdi ke arambh mean romak itihas lekhak 'dyaudrash salash' likhata hai—

yahaan is desh mean ek mandir hai, jo araboan ka atyant poojaniy hai.

itihas

mahatma muhammad ke janm se prayah 600 varsh poorv hi is mandir ki itani khyati thi ki 'siriya, arak' adi pradeshoan se sahasroan yatri prativarsh darshanarth vahaan par jaya karate the. puranoan mean bhi shiv ke dvadash jyotirliangoan mean makka ke mahadev ka nam ata hai. h. jru lh–asvadh (=krishna pashan) in sab vicharoan ka kendr pratit hota hai. yah kaba divar mean laga hua hai. aj bhi us par chumba dena pratyek 'hazi' (makkayatri) ka kartavy hai. yadyapi quran mean isaka vidhan nahian, kintu puran ke saman mananiy 'hadis' granthoan mean use bhoomak nar bhagavan ka dahina hath kaha gaya hai. yahi makkeshvaranath hai. jo kaba ki sabhi moortiyoan ke to de jane par bhi svayan jyoan ka tyoan vidyaman hai. itana hi nahian, balki inaka jadoo musalamanoan par bhi chale bina nahian raha aur vah patthar ko bosa dena apana dharmik kartavy samajhate haian, yadyapi any sthanoan par moortipooja ke ghor virodhi haian. is pavitr mandir ke vishay mean quran mean aya hai—

nissandeh pahala ghar makka mean sthapit kiya gaya, jo ki dhany hai tatha jnaniyoan ke lie upadesh hai.^[1]

mahaprabhu ne manushy ke lie pavitr grih 'kaba' banaya.^[2]

jis prakar yahaan kaba ke lie 'pahala ghar' aur 'pavitr grih' kaha gaya hai, usi prakar makka nagar ke lie bhi ummulakura (gramoan ki maan) athava pahala shabd aya hai. us samay makka ke mandir mean 360 moortiyaan thian. arambh mean jab 'kidhar mukh karake namaz padhi jae' yah saval mahatma muhammad ke sammukh aya to ekeshvar bhakt mahatma ne sare arab ke shradvaspad kintu moorti poorn makka mandir ko ayogy samajha, amoortipoojak ekeshvar bhakt yahoodiyoan ke mukhy sthan 'yorushilamh' mandir ki or mukh karake namaz padhane ki ajna apane anuyayiyoan ko di. is prakar makka nivas ke ant tak arthath terah varsh isi prakar namaz padhi jati rahi. madina mean ane par bhi kitane hi dinoan tak 'yorushilamh' ki or mukh karake namaz padhi jati rahi. ant mean yahoodiyoan ke abhiman-hamare hi kaba ka ashray muhammad ke anuyayi bhi karate haian-ko hatane ke lie quran ke nimn adesh ke anusar pavitr kaba mandir hi musalamanoan ka kibla (agrim sthan) hua. ukt vaky yah hai-

"anajan log kaheange, in (musalamanoan) ko kya bat thi, jisane ki inhean kibla se pher diya. kah (he muhammad !) eeshvar ke lie poorv–pashchim sab saman haian."^[3]
"ham tere mukh ko (he muhammad !) utha dekhate haian. avashy tujhe ham us kibla ki or phereange, jo tujhe abhisht hai. so jahaan tum raho, vahaan se apane muanh ko pavitr maszid (kaba) ki or pher lo, aur vah log jinako pustak (tauret) di gee (arthath yahoodi) nissandeh janate haian ki unake eeshvar ki or se yahi thik hai."^[4]
"yadi too sampoorn praman lave, tab bhi kitab vale (yahoodi) tere kible ke anuyayi n hoange, aur n too unake kible ka anuyayi ho."^[5]
pratham vaky mean 'qibla' badalane par hone vale akshep ka uttar doosare aur tisare mean badalane ka vidhan kiya gaya hai. yah 'qibla' ka vidhan bhi vastav mean musalamanoan ki ekata ke abhipray se kiya gaya hai. vastuv mean to—"prabhu ! tere lie aur pachchhim hai. jis or mukh phero, udhar hi prabhu hai. nissandeh paramatma vishal aur jnani hai."^[6]
"(manushyoan) ko 'hajz' ke lie bula ki tere pas door se paidal aur ooantoan par chale avean."^[7]
"bhagavan ke lie 'hajz' aur umra^[8] poora karo, aur yadi (kisi prakar) roke ge, to yathashakti balidan (qurbani) karo. jab tak ki bali thikane par n pahuanch jae, sir ki hajamat n banavaean aur jo tumamean se rogi ho ya jisake sir mean pi da ho, to isake badale upavas karean, ya dan devean, ya balidan karean. jab tum sakushal ho to jo koee hajz ke sath 'umra' chahe yathashakti bali bheje, aur jo n paye to tin din ka upavas hajz ke samay mean, aur sat upavas jab laut kar jaye, yah poore das (upavas) un logoan ke lie haian, jinake ghar 'kaba' ke pas nahian hai."^[9]

avashyak n hone se 'tavaf' (parikrama) 'safa', 'marba' paha diyoan ke bich kak di pheankate dau dana 'see' kahate haian—adi vidhiyaan yahaan nahian likhi jatian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ quran 5:13:4
↑ quran 5:13:4
↑ 2:17:1
↑ 2:17:3
↑ 2:17:4
↑ 2:14:3
↑ 20:4:2
↑ niyamit samay mean kaba yatra karana aur usake atirikt any samayoan mean vahi 'umra' hai.
↑ 2:24:8

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] quran 5:13:4

[2] quran 5:13:4

[3] 2:17:1

[4] 2:17:3

[5] 2:17:4

[6] 2:14:3

[7] 20:4:2

[8] yamit samay mean kaba yatra karana aur usake atirikt any samayoan mean vahi 'umra' hai.

[9] 2:24:8

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