कैकेयी

[[chitr:Kaikayi-and-Manthara.jpg|thumb|300|dasi manthara kaikeyi ko bh dakate huye]]

ayodhya ke maharaj dasharath ki patni kaikeyi ke charitr ki kalpana adi kavi valmiki ki kathagat shilpayojana ki kushalata ka praman hai. yadyapi pauranik evan any ramayan ke aitihasik sakshyoan se kaikeyi kaikayanaresh ki putri thaharati haian, kintu isake lie pramanoan ka sarvatha abhav hai. sampoorn ram katha mean kaikeyi ki mahatta ka karan unaki vastunishtha hai, adarshavadita nahian. unaka mahattv is drishti se nahian hai ki ve bharat sadrish adarshanishth putr ki mata haian, apitu isalie ki ve mukhy katha ko apane uddeshy tak pahuanchane ke lie ek apratyashit mo d deti haian.

valmiki ramayan mean kaikeyi svabhimanini, sauandaryavati evan saansarik lipsa ke prati akarshit ramani ke roop mean ati haian. valmiki unhean prarambh se hi is roop mean chitrit karate haian ki apane svarthapoorn adhikar ki prapti ke lie ve svabhavat: ram ko van bhejane jaisa kroor karm karane mean bhi sankoch nahian karatian manthara dvara prerana tatha uttejana pana vastut: prasangik matr hai. vastusthiti ko samajhakar ve saubhagyamad se garvit, krodhagni se tilamilati huee kop- bhavan mean pravisht ho jati haian sampoorn ayodhya ko shok- santapt karane ka karan banakar bhi unhean pashchattap nahian hota aur ve ant tak vastunishth hi bani rahati haian. unake charitr ko valmiki ne nayak-virodhi kathagat tattvoan se nirmit kiya hai.

kaikeyi ke vivah adi ke sambandh mean valmiki ramayan ke anantar ram-kathakavyoan mean kahian-kahian kianchith bhinnata milati hai.

• 'pum chariu' (pushpadatt) mean kaikeyi ko hi 'agramahishi' kaha gaya hai. dasharath ki pratham vivahit rani ve hi thian.
• 'dasharath jatak' mean kaha gaya hai ki dasharath apani rajamahishi ki mrityu ke anantar doosari rani se vivah karate haian, jisase bharat ka janm hota hai.
• 'padm puran' mean bharat ki mata ka nam 'suroopa' milata hai.

tulasidas ke matanusar

valmiki ramayan ki parampara mean likhe gaye kavyoan aur natakoan mean kaikeyi ko ram-vanavas ke lie doshi thaharaya gaya hai. unake lie asahishnu, kalankini adi n jane kitane sambodhanoan ka prayog karake unaki ninda ki gayi hai. isi disha mean unake kalank ko door karane ke lie 'adhyatm ramayan' mean sambhavat: sarvapratham sarasvati ke prerana ki kalpana ki gayi hai. tulasidas usi adarsh ko lekar sampoorn ramayan mean unake charitr ko kalushit hone se bachane ka prayatn karate haian kintu phir bhi tulasi ki drishti mean unaka charitr sampoornat: dhul nahian pata. unake sath kavi ki sahanubhooti kabhi nahian ju d pati. at: ayodhyavasiyoan ke muanh se unake lie 'papin' 'kalankini' adi anek sambodhanoan ka prayog to ve karavate hi haian, sath hi svayan bhi avasar pakar 'kutil' 'nich' kahane mean sankoch nahian karate. tulasi ki kaikeyi ant tak ekant-nirav, bhayavah evan glaniyukt hi bani rahati hai. kavi unhean pashchattap karane ka avasar bhi nahian deta.

tulasidas ke anantar likhe gaye ram- sahity mean kaikeyi ke charitr-nirman ki or koee kavi sajag nahian ho saka. adhunik yug mean maithilisharan gupt ne apane 'saket' mean janajivan ki jagaran tatha yug-yug se pi dit bharatiy nari ke utthan ki bhavana se prerit hokar kaikeyi ke chir-laanchhit4, nindit aur du:khaparyavasayi charitr ko ujjval karane ka prayatn kiya hai. maithilisharan gupt ne unake nindit kary ka karan n to daivi prabhav bataya hai aur n manthara athava svayan usake prabhav ki kutilata: varanh unhoanne kaikeyi ko saral svabhav, sahaj vatsalyamayi, valsaly ki sakshath pratima mata ke roop mean chitrit karate hue dikhaya hai ki jab unake man mean yah sandeh paida ho jata hai ki rajyabhishek ke avasar par n bulane ka karan unake charitr par sandeh karana hai, tabhi unaka atmabhiman jag uthata hai aur vah aveshayukt hokar sara vivek kho baithati haian. is prakar maithilisharan gupt ki kaikeyi valmiki ki kaikeyi ki bhaanti yatharthavadi vastunishth svabhav ki nari nahian haian, varanh atyant bhavanashil, sanvedanashil aur bhavapravan nari haian, jisaka vatsaly unhean andha aur vivekahin bana deta hai. chitrakoot ki sabha mean unake vyaktitv ki sarahaniy visheshataoan ka udghatan hota hai aur unhean apane krity par pashchattap hota hai aur ve 'raghukul ki abhagin rani' ke roop mean apana dosh bhi svikar karati haian. ve kshama-yachana ke hi sabal tarko ka prayog nahian karatian, apitu ram ke pun: pratyagaman ke lie apane adhikar evan vinay ke prayog se bhi pichhe nahian hatatian. is drishti se kaikeyi ke charitr ka svabhavik vikas 'saket' mean upalabdh hota hai. ram-kavy ke any kaviyoan ne kaikeyi ke charitr—chitran mean kisi ullekhaniy visheshata ka sanket nahian kiya hai.

kaikeyi ko prapt varadan

puratan kal ki bat hai, ek bar devasur sangram mean indr ki sahayata ke lie dasharath aur kaikeyi gaye. vaijayant namak nagar mean sanbar nam se vikhyat, anek mayaoan ka jnata timidhvaj rahata thaan usane indr ko yuddh ke lie chunauti di thi. rat ko soye hue ghayal sainikoan ko bichhaunoan se khianchakar daity log mar dalate the. bhayankar yuddh karate hue dasharath bhi ghayal hokar achet ho gaye. raja ke achet hone par kaikeyi unhean ranakshetr se bahar le ayi thi, at: prasann hokar dasharath ne do varadan dene ka vada kiya tha.

manthara ki chal

ek din maharani kaikeyi ki dasi manthara dau dati huee ayi. usane maharani se kaha-'rani! kal prat: maharaj ne shriram ko yuvaraj banane ki ghoshana ki hai. ap b di bholi haian. ap samajhati haian ki apako maharaj sabase adhik chahate haian. yahaan chupachap sab ho gaya aur apako pata tak nahian.tere mukh mean ghi-shakkar! aha, mera ram kal yuvaraj hoga. yah mangal samachar sunane ke liye maian tumhean yah har puraskar mean pradan karati hooan.' kaikayi ji ne prasannata se kaha. manthara ne kutilata se kaha- 'apana har rahane dijiye. kaun bharat yuvaraj ho gaye, jo ap upahar dene chali haian. raja ap se adhik prem karate haian. isaliye kaushalya ap se eershya karati haian. avasar pakar unhoanne apane putr ko yuvaraj banane hetu maharaj ko taiyar kar liya. ram raja hoange aur apako kaushalya ki dasi banana p dega. mera kya maian to dasi hooan aur dasi hi rahooangi.'

kaikeyi ka kopabhavan

bhavavash kaikeyi ne manthara ki batoan ka vishvas kar liya aur kopabhavan ke ekant mean maharaj dasharath se shriram ke liye chaudah varsh ka vanavas aur bharat ke liye rajy ka varadan maang liya. ram ko bulakar kaikeyi ne apane do var maangane ki bat batalayi. ram saharsh vanagaman ki taiyari mean lag gaye.unhoanne apana samast dhan brahman aur nirdhan logoan mean baant diya tatha vanagaman ke lie udyat hue. dasharath ne unhean vida karate hue kaha ki mera samast kosh tatha sena ram ke sath ban jayegi. is par kruddh hokar kaikeyi ne kaha ki dhanavihin rajy bharat nahian leange, at: dasharath ko man marakar chup rahana p da.ayodhya ki praja ram ko chho dane bahut door tak gayi. sabase pahala p dav tamasa nadi ke tat par p da. vahaan jab sab log so ge tab ram ne unhean sota chho dakar, sumant ke rath mean sita aur lakshman samet prasthan kiya. shriram ke viyog mean maharaj dasharath ne sharir chho d diya. kaikeyi b de hi utsah se bharat ke agaman ki pratiksha kar rahi thian. bharat ko aya janakar ve b de hi utsah se arati sajakar svagat ke liye badhian. kiantu jis bharat par unaki sampoorn ashaean kendrit thian, unhianne unako doodh ki makkhi ki tarah nikalakar pheank diya. bharat ne unhean maan kahana bhi chho d diya. jin kaushalya se ve pratishodh lena chahati thian, bharat ki drishti mean unhian kaushalya ka sthan maan se bhi ooancha ho gaya.

pum chariu ka varnan

kaikeyi dasharath ki patni thi. usake do putr hue-bharat tatha shatrughn. apane vivah ke samay svayanvar ke shesh rajaoan se dasharath ka sangram hua tha, jisamean kaikeyi ne sarathi ka kary kiya tha. at: dasharath ne use var dene ka nishchay kiya tha. dasharath ram ko rajy sauanpakar pravrajya lena chahate the. bharat ko bhi virakti ka udbodhan hua, us samay dasharath se kaikeyi ne bharat ke lie rajy maanga. kaikeyi dushchianta mean thi ki pati bhi ja rahe haian aur putr bhi prabrajya lena chahata hai. phalat: ram-lakshman ko bulakar dasharath ne apane poorvapradatt var ke anusar bharat ka rajyabhishek karane ki soochana de di. bharat ko bhi taiyar kiya ki vah rajy grahan kare. ram tatha lakshman sita sahit parijanoan se ajna lekar pravas par chale gaye.

ram ki charan-paduka

jab bharat ji ram ki charan-paduka lekar ayodhya ke liye vida hone lage to ekant mean kaikeyi ne shriram se kaha-'ap kshamashil haian. karunasagar haian. mere aparadhoan ko kshama kar dean. mera hriday apane pap se dagdh ho raha hai.'
'apane koee aparadh nahian kiya hai. sampoorn sansar ki ninda aur apayash lekar bhi apane mere aur devataoan ke kary ko poorn kiya hai. maian apase atyant prasann hooan.' ram ne kaikeyi ko samajhaya. vanavas se lautane par ram sabase pahale kaikeyi ke bhavan mean gaye. pahale unhian ka adar kiya. kaikeyi ji ka prem dhany hai, unhoanne sada ke liye kalank ka tika svikar kar shriram ke kaj mean sahayog diya.

adhunik sahity mean kaikeyi

• d aau. ramavinodasianh ke shabdoan mean, “valmiki ki kaikeyi vyadh ka kroor ban hai, ‘manas’ ki kaikeyi sarasvati ka shapamay vahan hai, lekin ‘saket’ ki kaikeyi mamatamayi mata hai, jisamean manaviy moolyoan ke prati gahara rag hai .” spashtatah ramakavy parampara mean kaikeyi ka charitr vividhata lie hue hai . valmiki ramayan mean varnit hai ki kaikeyi ka dasharath ke sath vivah isi shart par hua tha ki rajy kaikeyi ke putr ko diya jayega . yah bat svayan ram dvara bharat se kahi gee hai . yatha-

pura bhratah pita nah s mataran te samudvahanh .
matamahe samashraushidrajyashulkamanuttamamh॥

• kaikeyi ke hriday mean apane putr ke prati asim vatsaly bhav hai . isalie vah anisht sahakar bhi bharat ke lie rajy prapt karati hai, kintu bharat dvara rajy ka niraskar kiye jane par use apani bhool jnan hoti hai. vah kahati hai-
  

‘tere hit maianne hriday kathor banaya,
tere hit maianne ram vipin bhijavaya .
tere hit maian bani kalankini nari,
tere hit samajhi gee maha hatyari॥

• bharat ka rajy sianhasan ke prati upeksha ka bhav dekhakar kaikeyi ka hriday nirasha, glani, paritap aur pashchatap se vadagdh ho jata hai . kaikeyi apana sarvasv lutakar aur sansar ki avamanana sahakar bhi matritv ki abhilashini hai . tabhi to vah chitrakoot ki sabha mean kahati hai ki-
  

thooanke mujh par trailoky bhale hi thooke,
jo koee jo kah sake, kahe, kyoan, chooke?
chhine n matripad kintu bharat ka mujhase,
re ram, duhaee karooan aur kya tujh se॥

• kaikeyi ke is kathan mean kitana vishad hai, kitani athah atmavyatha hai? vah apane ap ko dhikkarati huee kahati hai ki-
  

yug-yug tak chalati rahe yah kathor rani .
raghukul mean bhi thi ek abhagin rani .
nij janm-janm mean jiv sune yah mera,
dhikkar! use tha mahasvarth ne ghera॥

• vastutah kaikeyi ne jo aparadh kiya tha, vah matritv ke vashibhoot hokar kiya tha, parantu pashchatap ki agni mean tapakar aur atmaglani ke ashru-pravah se prakshalit hokar kaikeyi ka hriday nishkalush aur pavitr bhi ho gaya tha . ‘saanket’ mean to usake kalankit charitr ko bhi ujjval aur bhavy banakar prastut kiya gaya hai . d aau. umakaant goyal ke matanusar ‘saket’ ke adhyayan ke pashchath kaikeyi ke prati yugantar ka ghanibhoot maliny niahshesh rah jata hai.

tika tippani aur sandarbh

(sahayak granth-