गुरुकुल कांगड़ी विश्वविद्यालय
gurukul kaang di vishvavidyalay
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| vivaran | 'gurukul kaang di vishvavidyalay' uttarakhand ka prasiddh vishvavidyalay hai. yahaan pratyek prakar ki aur har star ki shiksha ka madhyam hindi hai. |
| rajy | uttarakhand |
| zila | haridvar |
| sthapana | 1902 |
| sansthapak | svami shraddhanand |
| shikshan madhyam | hindi |
| sanbandhit lekh | uttarakhand, haridvar, svami shraddhanand |
| any janakari | 4 march, 1902 ee. ko gurukul panjab ke gujaraanvala se kaang di laya gaya. gurukul ka aranbh 34 vidyarthiyoan ke sath kuchh ghas-phoos ki jhop diyoan mean kiya gaya tha. |
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gurukul kaang di vishvavidyalay (aangrezi: Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya) bharat ke prasiddh vishvavidyalayoan mean se ek hai. yah haridvar, uttarakhand mean sthit hai. isaki sthapana 1902 mean svami shraddhanand ne ki thi. l aaurd maikale dvara bharat mean pratipadit aangrezi madhyam ki pashchaty shiksha niti ke sthan par rashtriy vikalp ke roop mean rashtrabhasha hindi ke madhyam se vaidik sahity, bharatiy darshan, bharatiy sanskriti evan sahity ke sath-sath adhunik vishayoan ki uchch shiksha ke adhyayan tatha anusandhan ke lie yah vishvavidyalay sthapit kiya gaya tha.
sthiti tatha uddeshy
gurukul kaang di vishvavidyalay haridvar relave steshan se lagabhag 5 kilomitar ki doori par dakshin mean sthit hai. is vishvavidyalay ka pramukh uddeshy jati aur chhuachhoot ke bhedabhav ke bina guru-shishy parampara ke antargat adhyapakoan evan vidyarthiyoan ke madhy nirantar ghanisht sambandh sthapit kar chhatr-chhatraoan ko prachin evan adhunik vishayoan ki shiksha dekar unaka manasik aur sharirik vikas kar charitravan adarsh nagarik banana hai.
itihas
bharat mean 19vian shatabdi mean do prakar ki shiksha paddhatiyaan prachalit thian-
- pahali paddhati british sarakar dvara apane shasan ki avashyakataoan ko poora karane ke lie vikasit ki gee sarakari skooloan aur vishvavidyalayoan ki pranali thi.
- doosari sanskrit, vyakaran, darshan adi bharatiy vanhmay ki vibhinn vidyaoan ko prachin paranparagat vidhi se adhyayan karane ki pathashala paddhati thi.
donoan paddhatiyoan mean kuchh ganbhir dosh the. pahali paddhati mean poorvi jnan-vijnan ki ghor apeksha thi aur yah sarvatha arashtriy thi. isake prabal samarthak tatha 1835 ee. mean apane suprasiddh smaranapatr dvara isaka pravartan karane vale l aaurd maikale (1800-1859 ee.) ke matanusar- 'kisi achchhe yooropiy pustakalay ki alamari ke ek khane mean p di pustakoan ka mahatv bharat aur arab ke samooche sahity ke barabar tha. at: sarakari shiksha paddhati mean bharatiy vanhmay ki ghor upeksha karate hue aangrezi tatha pashchaty sahity aur jnan-vijnan ke adhyayan par bal diya gaya. is shiksha paddhati ka pradhan uddeshy mekale ke shabdoan mean 'bharatiyoan ka ek aisa samooh paida karana tha, jo rang tatha rakt ki drishti se to bharatiy ho, parantu ruchi, mati aur achar-vichar ki drishti se aangrez ho.' isalie yah shiksha paddhati bharat ke rashtriy aur dharmik adarshoan ke pratikool thi. doosari shiksha pranali, pandit mandali mean prachalit pathashala paddhati thi. isamean yadyapi bharatiy vanhmay ka adhyayan karaya jata tha, tathapi usamean navin tatha vartaman samay ke lie avashyak jnan-vijnan ki ghor upeksha thi. us samay desh ki b di avashyakata paurasty evan pashchaty jnan-vijnan ka samanvayay karate hue donoan shiksha paddhatiyoan ke utkrishth tatvoan ke samanjasy dvara ek rashtriy shiksha pranali ka vikas karana tha. is mahatvapoorn kary ko sanpann karane mean gurukul kaang di ne b da sahayog diya.
sthapana
gurukul ke sansthapak mahatma muanshiram pichhali shatabdi ke bharatiy saanskritik punarjagaran mean asadharan mahatv rakhane vale ary samaj ke pravartak maharshi dayanand ke suprasiddh granth 'satyarth prakash' mean pratipadit shiksha sanbandhi vicharoan se b de prabhavit hue. unhoanne 1897 mean apane patr 'saddharm pracharak' dvara gurukul shiksha pranali ke punarudvar ka prabal aandolan aranbh kiya. 30 aktoobar, 1898 ko unhoanne isaki vistrit yojana rakhi. navanbar, 1898 ee. mean panjab ke ary samajoan ke keandriy sangathan 'ary pratinidhi sabha' ne gurukul kholane ka prastav svikar kiya aur mahatma muanshiram ne yah pratijna ki ki ve is kary ke lie, jab tak 30,000 rupaya ekatr nahian kar leange, tab tak apane ghar mean pair nahian rakheange. tatkalin paristhitiyoan mean is dussadhy kary ko apane anavarat udyog aur avichal nishtha se unhoanne ath mas mean poora kar liya. 16 mee, 1900 ko panjab ke gujaraanvala sthan par ek vaidik pathashala ke sath gurukul ki sthapana kar di gee.
sthan parivartan
gurukul ki sthapana bhale hi ho gee thi, parantu mahatma muanshiram ko yah sthan upayukt pratit nahian hua. ve shukl yajurved ke ek mantr (26.15) 'upahvare girinaan sangame ch nadinaan. dhiya vipro ajayat' ke anusar nadi aur parvat ke nikat koee sthan chahate the. isi samay najibabad ke dharmanishth rees muanshi amanasianh ji ne is kary ke lie mahatma muanshiram ko 1,200 bighe ka apana kaang di gram dan diya. himalay ki upatyaka mean ganga ke tat par saghan ramanik vanoan se ghiri kaang di ki bhoomi gurukul ke lie adarsh thi. at: yahaan ghane jangal saph kar kuchh chhappar banae ge aur holi ke din somavar, 4 march, 1902 ko gurukul gujaraanvala se kaang di laya gaya. gurukul ka aranbh 34 vidyarthiyoan ke sath kuchh phoos ki jhop diyoan mean kiya gaya.
vikas
panjab ki ary janata ke udar dan aur sahayog se isaka vikas tivr gati se hone laga. 1907 ee. mean isaka mahavidyalay vibhag aranbh hua. 1912 ee. mean gurukul kaang di se shiksha samapt kar nikalane vale snatakoan ka pahala dikshaant samaroh hua. is samay sarakar ke prabhav se sarvatha svatantr hone ke karan ise chirakal tak british sarakar rajadrohi sanstha samajhati rahi. 1917 ee. mean vayasaray l aaurd chemsaford ke gurukul agaman ke bad is sandeh ka nivaran hua. 1921 ee. mean ary pratinidhi sabha ne isaka vistar karane ke lie ved, ayurved, krishi aur sadharan (arths) mahavidyalayoan ko banane ka nishchay kiya. 1923 mean mahavidyalay ki shiksha aur pariksha vishayak vyavastha ke lie ek shikshapatal banaya gaya. desh ke vibhinn bhagoan mean isase prarena grahan karake, isake adarshoan aur pathavidhi ka anusaran karane vale anek gurukul sthapit hue.
badh se kshati
24 sitanbar, 1924 ko gurukul par bhishan daivi vipatti aee. ganga ki asadharan badh ne gangatat par bani imaratoan ko bhayankar kshati pahuanchaee. bhavishy mean badh ke prakop se suraksha ke lie 1 mee, 1930 ko gurukul ganga ke poorvi tat se hatakar pashchimi tat par ganga ki nahar par haridvar ke samip vartaman sthan par laya gaya. 1935 mean isaka prabandh karane ke lie 'ary pratinidhi sabha', panjab ke aantargat ek prithakh vidyasabha ka sangathan hua.
shiksha ka madhyam
prarambh se hi gurukul mean sab vishayoan ki shiksha rashtrabhasha hindi ke madhyam dvara di jati thi. vijnan, ganit, pashchaty darshan adi vishay bhi hindi mean hi padhae jate the. jab san 1907 mean mahavidyalay vibhag khula to usamean bhi hindi ko hi madhyam rakha gaya. us samay hindi mean uchch shiksha dena ek asambhav bat samajhi jati thi. gurukul ne ise karyaroop mean parinat karake dikha diya. us samay adhunik vidvanoan ki pustakean hindi mean nahian thi. gurukul ke upadhyayoan ne pahale-pahal is kshetr mean kam kiya aur gurukul ke anek uchchakoti ke granth prakashit hue. pro. maheshacharan sianh ki 'hindi kaimistri', pro. sathe ka 'vikasavad', shriyut govardhan ki 'bhautiki' aur 'rasayan', pro. ramasharanadas saksena ka 'gunatmak vishleshan', pro. sinha ka 'vanaspatishastr', pro. prananath ka 'arthashastr', 'rashtriy ay-vyay shastr' aur 'rajanitishastr', pro. balkrishna ka 'arthashastr' aur 'rajanitishastr' aur pro. sudhakar ka 'manovijnan' hindi mean apane-apane vishay ke pahale granth haian. hindi mean vaijnanik granthoan ki rachana hi gurukul dvara prarambh huee. in vaijnanik granthoan ke atirikt any bhi bahut se uchchakoti ke granth gurukul dvara prakashit hue. pro. ramadev ne bharatiy itihas ke sanbandh mean maulik anusandhan kar apana prasiddh 'bharatavarsh ka itihas' prakashit kiya.
gurukul shiksha ki visheshataean
gurukul shiksha ki katipay visheshataean nimnalikhit haian-
- indr vidyavachaspati ne gurukul shiksha ki visheshata batate hue likha hai ki, "gurukul shiksha-pranali ki sabase b di visheshata jo use any pranaliyoan se bhinn karati hai, yah hai ki jahaan any shiksha-paddhatiyoan mean adhyayan par adhik bal diya jata hai, vahaan gurukul shiksha-pranali mean adhyayan ko keval sadhan manakar charitr nirman ko pramukhata di jati hai. niahsandeh yah pramukh visheshata hai.
- pratyek prakar ki aur har star ki shiksha ka madhyam hindi hai.
- balak guru ke kul ka aang banakar rahata hai. balak apane ghar ya parivar se keval hatakar doosare parivar mean pahuanchata hai. janm dene vale apane pita ke chhote parivar se hatakar achar ki shiksha dene vale achary ke b de parivar ka sadasy ban jata hai.
- balak ko niahshulk shiksha di jati hai.
- balak ke pita ka samajik-arthik star kya hai, isaka koee lihaj gurukul mean nahian rakha jata hai. at: dhani-nirdhan, ooanch-nich ka koee bhed-bhav gurukul mean nahian barata jata.
- balakoan mean tapasyapoorn jivan ka abhyas karaya jata hai.
- ashram ka jivan vidyarthiyoan ko asvasthakari prabhavoan se bachata hai. vratabhyas dvara unaka shatak prashikshan bhi hota hai.
- kathor parivikshan tatha nishchit dainik karyakram dvara vidyarthiyoan mean samay ka sadupayog karane ki pravritti vikasit ki jati hai.
- vidyarthiyoan ko vibhinn vishayoan par prachin bharatiy tatha adhunik pashchimi vicharoan ka tulanatmak jnan milata hai.
- parikshaoan ka atank nahian rahata.
- kaksha uttirn karane ke lie keval pariksha bhavan mean sampann huee pariksha mean uttirn hona avashyak nahian, dainik jivan ke karyakramoan ko niyamit roop se karana bhi avashyak hai.
- shiksha ka star atyant uchch hai.
- pustakalay ke prayog par bal diya jata hai. pustakalay mean vibhinn vishayoan ke achchhestar ki lagabhag ek lakh pustakean haian. bhasha ki drishti se hindi, aangrezi, sanskrit, urdoo tatha any bharatiy bhashaoan ke atirikt roosi bhasha ki bhi pustakean vahaan hai.
- samanvit vikas par dhyan diya jata hai. isi ka parinam hai ki gurukul ke har tin snatakoan mean se ek pratishthit lekhak hai.
- gurukul ke chhatr-chhatraoan ne sharirik vyayam ke ne pratiman sthapit kie haian. chhati par patthar to dana bahut se adamiyoan se bhari ga di chhati par se nikalana, chalati motar ko kamar mean rassa baandh kar rok dena adi vyayam ek or haian to doosari or hai h aauki, valib aaul adi ki unaki tim jinhoanne kolakata, merath, dilli adi mean puraskar prapt kie hai.
bharat sarakar dvara manyata
joon, 1962 mean bharat sarakar ne is shikshan sanstha ke rashtriy svaroop tatha shiksha ke kshetr mean isake apratim yogadan ko drishti mean rakhate hue 'vishvavidyalay anudan ayog' ke ekt 1956 ki dhara 3 ke antargat samavishvavidyalay ki manyata pradan ki aur vaidik sahity, sanskrit sahity, darshan, hindi sahity, aangrezi, manovijnan, ganit tatha prachin bharatiy itihas sanskriti evan puratattv vishayoan mean snatakottar adhyayan ki vyavastha ki gee. uparokt vishayoan ke atirikt vartaman mean vishvavidyalay mean bhautiki, rasayan vijnan, kampyootar vijnan, abhiyaantriki, ayurvijnan v prabandhan ke adhyayan-adhyapan ki vyavastha hai. vishvavidyalay anudan ayog dvara sthapit svayattashasi sansthan ‘rashtriy moolyaankan evan pratyayan parishad’ mee, 2002 mean vishvavidyalay ko char sitaroan se alankrit kiya gaya tha. parishad ke sadasyoan ne vishvavidyalay ki sanstuti yahaan ke parivesh, shaikshik vatavaran, shuddh paryavaran, brihat pustakalay tatha aantararashtriy star ke sangrahalay adi se prabhavit hokar ki thi. vishvavidyalay ki sabhi upadhiyaan 'bharat sarakar'/'vishvavidyalay anudan ayog' dvara many haian. yah vishvavidyalay 'bharatiy vishvavidyalay sangh tatha kamanavailth vishvavidyalay sangh ka sadasy hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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