जाट

• kuchh vidvanh jatoan ko videshi vansh-parampara ka manate haian, to kuchh daivi vansh-parampara ka . kuchh apana janm kisi pauranik vanshaj se hua batate haian. sar jadunath sarakar ne jatoan ka varnan karate hue unhean "us vistrit vistrit bhoo-bhag ka, jo siandhu nadi ke tat se lekar panjab, rajapootana ke uttari rajyoan aur oopari yamuna ghati mean hota hua chanbal ke par gvaliyar tak phaila hai, sabase mahattvapoorn jatiy tattv bataya hai . sabhi vidvanh ekamat haian ki jat ary-vanshi haian . jat apane sath kuchh sansthaean lekar ae, jinamean sabase mahattvapoorn hai - "panchayat" - 'paanch shreshth vyaktiyoan ki gram-sabha, jo nyayadhishoan aur jnani purushoan ke roop mean kary karate the.

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif aurangazeb ke shasak banane ke kuchh hi samay ke andar jat aankh ka kaanta ban ge . unaka nivas mukhyatah shahi paragana tha, jo "mote taur par ek chaukor pradesh tha, jo uttar se dakshin ki or lagabhag 250 mil lamba aur 100 mil chau da tha ." yamuna nadi isaki vibhajak rekha thi, dilli aur agara isake do mukhy nagar the . chitr:Blockquote-close.gif

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• "har jat gaanv sam gotriy vansh ke logoan ka chhota-sa ganarajy hota tha, jo ek-doosare ke bilkul saman lekin any jatiyoan ke logoan se svayan ko ooancha manate the . jat gaanv ka rajy ke sath sambandh nirdharit rajasv rashi dene vali ek ardh-svayatt ikaee ke roop mean hota tha . koee rajakiy satta un par apana adhikar jatane ka prayas nahian karati thi, jo koshish karati thian, unhean shidhr hi jnan ho jata tha, ki qile roopi gaanvoan ke viruddh sashastr sena bhejana labhaprad nahian hai . svatantrata tatha samanata ki jat-bhavana ne brahman-pradhan hindoo dharm ke samane jhukana svikar nahian kiya, is bhavana ke karan unhean ganga ke maidani bhagoan ke visheshadhikar prapt brahmanoan ki avamanana aur apaman jhelana p da . akramanakariyoan dvara akraman karane par jat apane gaanv ko chho dakar nahian bhagate the . agar koee vijeta jatoan ke sath durvyavahar karata, ya usaki striyoan se chhe dachha d ki jati thi, to vah akramanakari ke kafiloan ko lootakar usaka badala leta tha . usaki apani khas dhang ki desh-bhakti videshiyoan ke prati shatrutapoorn aur sath hi apane un deshavasiyoan ke prati dayapoorn, yahaan tak ki tiraskarapoorn thi jinaka bhagy bahut-kuchh usake sahas aur dhairy par avalambit tha.
• profesar qanoonagoan ne jatoan ki sahaj lokatantriy pravritti ka ullekh kiya hai . "aitihasik kal mean jat-samaj un logoan ke lie mahanh sharanasthal bana raha hai, jo hinduoan ke samajik atyachar ke shikar hote the; yah dalit tatha achhoot logoan ko apekshakrit adhik sammanapoorn sthiti tak uthata aur sharan mean ane vale logoan ko ek sajatiy ary dhaanchean mean dhalata raha hai. sharirik lakshanoan, bhasha, charitr, bhavanaoan, shasan tatha samajik sanstha-vishayak vicharoan ki drishti se aj ka jat nirvivad roop se hinduoan ke any varnoan ke kisi bhi sadasy ki apeksha prachin vaidik aryoan ka adhik achchha pratinidhi hai ."
• aurangazeb ke shasak banane ke kuchh hi samay ke andar jat aankh ka kaanta ban ge . unaka nivas mukhyatah shahi paragana tha, jo "mote taur par ek chaukor pradesh tha, jo uttar se dakshin ki or lagabhag 250 mil lamba aur 100 mil chau da tha ." (ti.ji.pi spiyar, 'tvilait aph mugals,' pri.5) yamuna nadi isaki vibhajak rekha thi, dilli aur agara isake do mukhy nagar the . isamean vrindavan, gokul, govardhan aur mathura mean hinduoan ke dharmik tirthasthan tatha mandir bhi the . poorv mean yah ganga ki or phaila tha aur dakshin mean chambal tak, ambala ke uttar mean paha doan aur pashchim mean maroosthal tak . " inake rajy ki koee vastavik simaean nahian thian . yah ilaqa kahane ko samrat ke sidhe shasan ke adhin tha, parantu vyavahar mean yah kuchh saradaroan mean banta hua tha . yah zaminean unhean, unake sainikoan ke bharan-poshan ke lie di gee haian . jat-log "dabang dehati the, jo sadharanataya shant hone par bhi, usase adhik rajasv dene vale nahian the, jitana ki unase jabaradasti aiantha ja sakata tha; aur unhoanne mitti ki divarean banakar apane gaanvoan ko aise qiloan ka roop de diya tha, jinhean keval topakhane dvara jita ja sakata tha."
• fadar vaiandel likhate haian, - "jatoan ne bharat mean kuchh varshoan se itana tahalaka machaya hua hai aur unake rajy-kshetr ka vistar itana adhik hai tatha unaka vaibhav itane tho de samay mean badh gaya hai ki mugal samrajy ki vartaman sthiti ko samajhane ke lie in logoan ke vishay mean jan lena avashyak hai, jinhoanne itani khyati prapt kar li hai. yadi koee un viplavoan par vichar kare jinhoanne is shatabdi mean samrajy ko itane prachand roop se jhakajhor diya hai, to vah avashy hi is nishkarsh par pahuanchega ki jat, yadi ve inake ekamatr karan n bhi hoan, to bhi kam-se-kam sabase mahattvapoorn karan avashy haian."
• "itihasakaroan ne jatoan ke vishay mean nahian likha . javaharalal neharoo, ke.em panikkar ne jatoan ke mukhy nayak soorajamal ke nam ka ullekh bhi nahian kiya . t aaud ne aspasht likha hai . jatoan mean itihas–buddhi lagabhag nahian hai . jat itihas mean kuchh deri se ate haian aur javahar sianh ki mrityu (sanh 1763) ke bad se sanh 1805 mean bharatapur ko jitane mean l aaurd lek ki har tak unaka vaibhav kam hota jata hai . muslim itihasakaroan ne jatoan ki prashansa nahian ki . brahman aur kayasth lekhak bhi likhane se katarate rahe . dosh jatoan ka hi hai . unaka itihas atulaniy hai, par jatoan ka koee itihasakar nahian hua . deshabhakti, sahas aur virata mean unaka sthan kisi se kam nahian hai."
• durjanasal 1824 ee. mean bharatapur ki gaddi par anadhikrit qabza karane vala jat saradar tha; jabaki vastavik adhikari mritak raja ka nabalig putr tha.

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sanbandhit lekh

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