प्रशान्त महासागर

thumb|250px|prashant mahasagar prashant mahasagar vishv ka sabase b da tatha sabase gahara samudr hai. tulanatmak bhaugaulik adhyayan se pata chalata hai ki, is mahasagar mean prithvi ka bhag kam tatha jaliy kshetr adhik hai. vaijnanik anveshakoan tatha sahasik navikoan dvara is mahasagar ke vishay mean jnan prapt karane ke anek prayatn kie ge, tatha ab bhi isaka adhyayan jari hai. sarvapratham 'petarabyuk' mahoday ne isake bare mean pata lagana aranbh kiya. isake pashchath‌ 'bailaboa', 'magemenadanya', 'h aauris', 'kuku' adi yooropiyanoan ne prayatn kiya. dvitiy vishv mahayuddh samapt hone par sanyukt rashtr ne isake bare mean kharch ke nimitt anek prayas kie, jo saphal vyapar tatha pooanji viniyog ke vikas ke liye labhadayak siddh hue. ab bhi nirantar prashant mahasagar ke garbh ke bare mean jnan prapt karane ke liye anveshan jari haian.

kshetraphal

isaka kshetraphal 6,36,34,000 varg mil, arthath atalaantik mahasagar ke dugune se bhi adhik hai. yah filipins tat se lekar panama 9,455 mil chau da tatha beriang jaladamaroomadhy se lekar dakshin aiantarkatika tak 10,492 mil lanba hai. isaka uttari kinara keval 36 mil ka beriang jaladamaroomadhy dvara arkatik sagar se ju da hai. isaka itane b de kshetr mean phaile hone ke karan yahaan ke nivasi, vanaspati, pashu tatha manushyoan ke rahan-sahan mean prithvi ke any bhagoan ke sagaroan ki apeksha b di vibhinnata hai. prashant mahasagar ki ausat gaharaee lagabhag 14,000 fut hai tatha adhikatam gaharaee lagabhag 35,400 fut hai, tab gvaim aur miandano ke madhy mean hai. yah mahasagar atalaantik mahasagar ka sahavarti hai.

bandaragahoan ka abhav

is mahasagar ke poorvi evan pashchimi kinaroan mean b da aantar hai. poorvi kinare par parvatoan ka kram phaila hai, ya samudri maidan bahut hi sankare hai. isi karan yahaan achchhe-achchhe bandaragahoan ka abhav hai, tatha sabhyata ki bhi adhik unnati nahian ho paee hai. beriang jaladamaroomadhy barf se jama rahata hai, jisase yatayat mean badha p dati hai. isake viparit is pashchimi kinare par parvat nahian hai. balki kee dvip, kha diyaan, prayadvip tatha delta haian. pashchimi kinare par japan, filipians, hiandeshiya adi ke lagabhag 7,000 dvip haian. isake kinare par vishv ki b di-b di nadiyaan isamean girati haian, jinake deltaoan mean ghani janasankhya basi hai.

akriti

prashant mahasagar ki akriti tribhujakar hai. isaka shirsh beriang jaladamaroomadhy par hai, jo gho de ke khur ki akriti ka hai aur jvalamukhi parvatoan tatha chhoti-chhoti paha diyoan se ghira hua besin banata hai. amarika ka pashchimi tat 'pyoojet sauand' (Puget Sound) se alaiska tak barphili chattanoan se yukt hai. uttar ki or alyooshain dvip ka vrittakhand hai, jo saiberiya ke samipavarti bhagoan se hota hua beriang sagar tak chala gaya hai. mukhy dvip prashant mahasagar ke pashchimi kinare se hokar kaimachaitaka prayadvip ke uttar aur astreliya ke uttar-poorv ki or phaile hue haian. ye hiandeshiya ke vrittakhand se ju d jate haian. bhoovijnaniyo ne is bat ka pata lagana chaha ki is mahasagar ka nirman praranbh mean kaise hua, lekin ve koee bhi sarvamany siddhaant n nikal pae. thumb|250px|left|prashant mahasagar

asaman sanrachana

jvar bhata yahaan ki mukhy visheshata hai. yah naukaoan ki yatra ko prabhavit karata hai. isaka kram is mahasagar ke vibhinn tatoan par ek sa nahian hai. isaka prabhav aur ooanchaee kahian adhik aur kahian bahut kam hoti hai, jaise koriya ke tat par isaki ooanchaee bhinn bhinn sthaloan par lagabhag 15 aur 30 fut ke bich mean hoti hai, jabaki alaiska tat par yahi ooanchaee lagabhag 45 fut tatha skaigane par 30 fut ke lagabhag tak hoti hai.

dharatal v gaharaee

prashant mahasagar ka dharatal pray: samatal hai. suvidha ki drishti se ise poorvi aur pashchimi do bhagoan mean baanta ja sakata hai. poorvi bhag dviparahit tatha amarika ke upaant bhag mean hai. isaka adhikatar bhag 18,000 fut gahara hai. isaki adhikatar gaharaee kam se kam 13,000 fut hai, tatha jisako elbetr aaus pathar kahate the. dakshini amarika ke pashchimi bhag mean sthit hai. is chabootare ki any shakhaean uttar ki or riyatat tatha pashchim mean tooamotoo, dvipasamooh, marakesas dvip tatha dakshin mean aiantarkatika tak phaili haian. is sagar ki satah mukhyataya pashchim mean kee b di-b di lanbi khaiyoan se bhari p di hai. kuchh mahattvapoorn khaiyoan ke nam tatha gaharaiyaan is prakar haian-

1. tyoosiarora - 32,644 fut
2. ranpa - 34,626 fut
3. nairo - 32,107 fut
4. eldrich - 30,990 fut adi.

uttari prashant mahasagar mean sabase adhik gaharaee 'alyooshain dvip' ke pas paee jati hai, jo 25,114 fut hai.

jvalamukhiy kshetr

thumb|250px|prashant mahasagar prashant mahasagar ka vah bhag, jo kark rekha tatha makar rekha ke madhy mean hai, 'madhy prashant mahasagar' kaha jata hai. kark ke uttari kshetr ko 'uttari prashant mahasagar' tatha makar ke dakshin sthit bhag ko 'dakshini prashant mahasagar' ke nam se sanbodhit kiya jata hai. aantararashtriy haidrographik byooro dvara ise do bhagoan mean vibhakt karane ke liye bhoomadhy rekha ka sahara liya gaya hai. 1500 p. de. poorvi prashant ke unhian bhagoan ke liye prayukt hota hai, jo bhoomadhy rekha ke dakshin mean hai. isaki khoj spenavasi 'baibaio' ne ki tatha isane prashant mahasagar ko panama namak sthan par 'dakshini sagar' nam diya. prashant mahasagar ke uttar, poorv evan pashchim se hota hua bhoopatal ka sabase kamazor bhag gujarata hai. isake karan yahaan par adhikatar bhookanp evan jvalamukhiyoan ke udgar hua karate haian. abhi bhi yahaan 300 aise jvalamukhi parvat haian, jinamean se nirantar udgar hua karate haian. is mahasagar mean chhitake dvipoan ka udbhav pravalavalay, jvalamukhi athava bhookanpoan ke dvara hua hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh