बक्सर का युद्ध
baksar ka yuddh 1763 ee. se hi arambh ho chuka tha, kintu mukhy roop se yah yuddh 22 aktoobar, sanh 1764 ee. mean l da gaya. eest indiya kampani tatha bangal ke navab mir qasim ke madhy kee jh dapean hueean, jinamean mir kasim parajit hua. phalasvaroop vah bhagakar avadh a gaya aur sharan li. mir kasim ne yahaan ke navab shujauddaula aur mugal samrat shah alam dvitiy ke sahayog se aangrezoan ko bangal se bahar nikalane ki yojana banayi, kintu vah is kary mean saphal nahian ho saka. apane kuchh sahayogiyoan ki gaddari ke karan vah yah yuddh har gaya.
aangrezoan ki kootaniti
is yuddh mean ek or mugal samrat shah alam dvitiy, avadh ka navab shujauddaula tatha mir qasim the, doosari or aangrezi sena ka netritv unaka kushal senapati 'kaiptan munaro' kar raha tha. donoan senayean bihar mean baliya se lagabhag 40 kimi. door 'baksar' namak sthan par amane-samane a pahuanchian. 22 aktoobar, 1764 ko 'baksar ka yuddh' prarambh hua, kintu yuddh prarambh hone se poorv hi aangrezoan ne avadh ke navab ki sena se 'asad khaan', 'sahoomal' (rohatas ka soobedar) aur jainul abadin ko dhan ka lalach dekar alag kar diya. lagabhag tin ghante mean hi yuddh ka nirnay ho gaya, jisaki bazi aangrezoan ke hath mean rahi. shah alam dvitay turant aangrezi dal se ja mila aur aangrezoan ke sath sandhi kar li. mir qasim bhag gaya tatha ghoomata-phirata zindagi katata raha. dilli ke samip 1777 ee. mean ajnat avastha mean usaki mrityu ho gee.
bharatiy dasata ki shuruat
aisa mana jata hai ki, baksar ke yuddh ka sainik evan rajanitik mahatv plasi ke yuddh se adhik hai. mugal samrat shah alam dvitiy, bangal ka navab mir qasim evan avadh ka navab shujauddaula, tinoan ab poorn roop se kathaputali shasak ho gaye the. unhean aangrezi sena ke samaksh apane baunepan ka ahasas ho gaya tha. tho da bahut virodh ka svar marathoan aur sikkhoan me sunaee diya, kintu vah bhi samapt ho gaya. niahsandeh is yuddh ne bharatiyoan ki hatheli par dasata shabd likh diya, jise svatantrata prapt karane ke bad hi mitaya ja saka. pi.ee. rabart ne baksar ke yuddh ke bare mean kaha hai ki- "plasi ki apeksha baksar ko bharat mean aangrezi prabhuta ki janmabhoomi manana kahian adhik upayukt hai".
sandhi
mir qasim ko navab ke pad se hatakar ek bar punah mir jafar ko aangrezoan ne bangal ka navab banaya. 5 faravari, 1765 ee. ko mir jafar ki mrityu ho gee. usaki mrityu ke bad kampani ne usake ayogy putr najamuddaula ko bangal ka navab banakar faravari, 1765 ee. mean usase ek sandhi kar li. sandhi ki shartoan ke anusar raksha vyavastha, sena, vittiy mamale, vahy sambandhoan par niyantran adi ko aangrezoan apane adhikar mean kar liya tatha badale mean navab ko 53 lakh rupaye varshik peanshan dene ka vada kiya. aangrez sanrakshan prapt bangal ka pratham navab najamuddaula tha, tatha bangal ka antim navab mubarakuddaula (1770-1775 ee.) tha.
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sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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