बलिदान -प्रेमचंद

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is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav"

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manushy ki arthik avastha ka sabase zyada asar usake nam par p data hai. mauje bela ke mangaroo thakur jab se kansatebal ho ge haian, inaka nam mangalasianh ho gaya hai. ab unhean koee mangaroo kahane ka sahas nahian kar sakata. kalloo ahir ne jab se halake ke thanedar sahab se mitrata kar li hai aur gaanv ka mukhiya ho gaya hai, usaka nam kalikadin ho gaya hai. ab use kalloo kahean to aankhean lal-pili karata hai. isi prakar harakhachandr kurami ab harakhoo ho gaya hai. aj se bis sal pahale usake yahaan shakkar banati thi, kee hal ki kheti hoti thi aur karobar khoob phaila hua tha. lekin videshi shakkar ki amadani ne use matiyamet kar diya. dhir-dhire karakhana toot gaya, zamin toot gee, gahak toot ge aur vah bhi toot gaya. sattar varsh ka boodha, jo takiyedar mache par baitha hua nariyal piya karata, ab sir par tokari liye khad pheankane jata hai. parantu usake mukh par ab bhi ek prakar ki ganbhirata, batachit mean ab bhi ek prakar ki ak d, chal-dhal se ab bhi ek prakar ka svabhiman bhara hua hai. is par kal ki gati ka prabhav nahian p da. rassi jal gee, par bal nahian toota. bhale din manushy ke charitr par sadaiv ke lie apana chihn chho d jate haian. harakhoo ke pas ab keval paanch bigha zamin hai, keval do bail haian. ek hi hal ki kheti hoti hai.

lekin panchayatoan mean, apas ki kalah mean, usaki sammati ab bhi samman ki drishti se dekhi jati hai. vah jo bat kahata hai, belag kahata hai aur gaanv ke anapadhe unake samane muanh nahian khol sakate.

harakhoo ne apane jivan mean kabhi dava nahian khayi thi. vah bimar zaroor p data, kuaanr mas mean maleriya se kabhi n bachata tha. lekin das-paanch din mean vah bina dava khae hi changa ho jata tha. is varsh kartik mean bimar p da aur yah samajhakar ki achchha to hi jaooanga, usane kuchh paravah n ki. parantu ab ki jvar maut ka paravana lekar chala tha. ek saptah bita, doosara saptah bita, poora mahina bit gaya, par harakhoo charapaee se n utha. ab use dava ki zaroorat maloom huee. usaka l daka giradhari kabhi nim ki sikhe pilata, kabhi gurch ka sat, kabhi gadapoorana ki j d. par in aushadhiyoan se koee fayada n hota tha. harakhoo ko vishvas ho gaya ki ab sansar se chalane ke din a ge.

ek din mangalasianh use dekhane ge. bechara tooti khat par p da ram nam jap raha tha. mangalasianh ne kaha- baba, bina dava khae achchhe n hoange; kunain kyoan nahian khate ? harakhoo ne udasin bhav se kaha- to lete ana.

doosare din kalikadin ne akar kaha- baba, do-char din koee dava kha lo. ab tumhari javani ki deh tho de hai ki bina dava-darpan ke achchhe ho jaoge.

harakhoo ne usi mand bhav se kaha- to lete ana. lekin rogi ko dekh ana ek bat hai, dava lakar dena use doosari bat hai. pahali bat shishtachar se hoti hai, doosari sachchi samavedana se. n mangalasianh ne khabar li, n kalikadin ne, n kisi tisare hi ne. harakhoo dalan mean khat par p da rahata. mangal sianh kabhi najar a jate to kahata-bhaiya, vah dava nahian lae ?

mangalasianh katarakar nikal jate. kalikadin dikhaee dete, to unase bhi yahi prashn karata. lekin vah bhi najar bacha jate. ya to use soojhata hi nahian tha ki dava paisoan ke bina nahian ati, ya vah paisoan ko bhi jan se priy samajhata tha, athava jivan se nirash ho gaya tha. usane kabhi dava ke dam ki bat nahian ki. dava n ayi. usaki dasha dinoandin big dati gee. yahaan tak ki paanch mahine kasht bhogane ke bad usane thik holi ke din sharir tyag diya. giradhari ne usaka shav b di dhoomadham ke sath nikala ! kriyakarm b de hausale se kiya. kee gaanv ke brahmanoan ko nimantrit kiya.

bela mean holi n manayi gee, n abir n gulal u di, n daphali baji, n bhang ki naliyaan bahian. kuchh log man mean harakhoo ko kosate zaroor the ki is buddhe ko aj hi marana tha; do-char din bad marata.

lekin itana nirlajj koee n tha ki shok mean anand manata. vah sharir nahian tha, jahaan koee kisi ke kam mean sharik nahian hota, jahaan p dosi ko rone-pitane ki avaz hamare kanoan tak nahian pahuanchati.

harakhoo ke khet gaanvavaloan ki najar par chadhe hue the. paanchoan bigha zamin kuean ke nikat, khad-paans se ladi huee meand-baandh se thik thi. unamean tin-tin phasalean paida hoti thian. harakhoo ke marate hi un par charoan or se dhave hone lage. giradhari to kriya-karm mean phansa hua tha. udhar gaanv ke manachale kisan lala oankaranath ko chain n lene dete the, najarane ki b di-b di rakamean pesh ho rahi thian. koee sal-bhar ka lagan dene par taiyar tha, koee najarane ki dooni rakam ka dastavej likhane par tula hua tha. lekin oankaranath sabako talate rahate the. unaka vichar tha ki giradhari ke bap ne khetoan ko bis varsh tak jota hai, isalie giradhari ka hak sabase zyada hai. vah agar doosaroan se kam bhi najarana de, to khet usi ko dene chahie. astu, jab giradhari kriya-karm se nivritt ho gaya aur usase poochha- kheti ke bare mean kya kahate ho ?

giradhari ne rokar kaha- sarakar, inhian khetoan hi ka to asara hai, jotooanga nahian to kya karooanga.

oankaranath- nahian, zaroor joto khet tumhare haian. maian tumase chho dane ko nahian kahata. harakhoo ne use bis sal tak jota. un par tumhara hak hai. lekin tum dekhate ho, ab zamin ki dar kitani badh gee hai. tum ath rupaye bighe par jotate the, mujhe das rupaye mil rahe haian aur najarane ke sau alag. tumhare sath riyasat karake lagan vahi rakhata hooan, par najarane ke rupaye tumhean dene p deange.

giradhari- sarakar, mere ghar mean to is samay rotiyoan ka bhi thikana nahian hai. itane rupaye kahaan se laooanga ? jo kuchh jama-jatha thi, dada ke kam mean uth gee. anaj khalihan mean hai. lekin dada ke bimar ho jane se upaj bhi achchhi nahian huee. rupaye kahaan se laooan ?

oankaranath- yah sach hai, lekin maian isase zyada riayat nahian kar sakata.

giradhari-nahian sarakar ! aisa n kahie. nahian to ham bina mare mar jaeange. ap b de hokar kahate haian, to maian bail-bachhiya bechakar pachas rupaya la sakata hooan. isase beshi ki himmat meri nahian p dati.

oankaranath chidhakar bole- tum samajhate hoge ki ham ye rupaye lekar apane ghar mean rakh lete haian aur chain ki banshi bajate haian. lekin hamare oopar jo kuchh gujarati hai, ham bhi janate haian. kahian yah chanda, kahian vah chanda; kahian yah najar, kahian vah najar, kahian yah inam, kahian vah inam. inake mare kachoomar nikal jata hai. b de din mean saik doan rupaye daliyoan mean u d jate haian. jise dali n do, vahi muanh phulata hai. jin chijoan ke lie l dake tarasakar rah jate haian, unhean bahar se mangavakar daliyaan sajata hooan. us par kabhi qanoonagoan a ge, kabhi tahasiladar, kabhi dipti sahab ka lashkar a gaya. sab mere mehaman hote haian. agar n karooan to nakkoo banooan aur sabaki aankhoan mean kaanta ban jaooan. sal mean hazar barah sau modi ko isi rasad-khurak ke mad mean dene p date haian. yah sab kahaan se aean ? bas, yahi ji chahata hai ki chho dakar chala jaooan. lekin hamean paramatma ne isalie banaya hai ki ek se rupaya satakar lean aur doosare ko ro-rokar dean, yahi hamara kam hai. tumhare sath itani riyasat kar raha hooan. magar tum itani riyasat par bhi khush nahian hote to hari ichchha. nazarane mean ek paise ki bhi riayat n hogi. agar ek haphte ke aandar rupe dakhil karoge to khet jotane paoge, nahian to nahian. maian koee doosara prabandh kar dooanga.

lekin subhagi yoan chupachap baithanevali stri n thi. vah krodh se bhari huee kalikadin ke ghar gayi. aur usaki stri ko khoob lathe da- kal ka bani aj ka seth, khet jotane chale haian. dekhean, kaun mere khet mean hal le jata hai ? apana aur usaka lohoo ek kar dooan. p dosin ne usaka paksh liya, to kya gariboan ko kuchalate phireange ? subhagi ne samajha, maianne maidan mar liya. usaka chitt bahut shaant ho gaya. kintu vahi vayu, jo pani mean lahare paida karati haian, vrikshoan ki j d se ukha d dalati hai. subhagi to p dosiyoan ki panchayat mean apane dukh de roti aur kalikadin ki stri se chhe d-chhe d l dati.

idhar giradhari apane dvar par baitha hua sochata, ab mera kya hal hoga ? ab yah jivan kaise katega ? ye l dake kisake dvar par jaeange ? mazadoori ka vichar karate hi usaka hriday vyakul ho jata. itane dinoan tak svadhinata aur samman ko sukh bhogane ke bad adham chakari ki sharan lene ke badale vah mar jana achchha samajhata tha. vah ab tak grihasth tha, usaki ganana gaanv ke bhale adamiyoan mean thi, use gaanv ke mamale mean bolane ka adhikar tha. usake ghar mean dhan n tha, par man tha. naee, kumhar, purohit, bhat, chaukidar ye sab usaka muanh takate the. ab yah maryada kahaan ? ab kaun usaki bat poochhega ? kaun usake dvar aega ? ab use kisi ke barabar baithane ka, kisi ke bich mean bolane ka hak nahian raha. ab use pet ke lie doosaroan ki gulami karani p degi. ab pahar rat rahe, kaun bailoan ko naand mean lagaega. vah din ab kahaan, jab git gakar hal chalata tha. choti ka pasina e di tak ata tha, par jara bhi thakavat n ati thi. apane lahalahate hue khet ko dekhakar phoola n samata tha. khalihan mean anaj ka dher samane rakhe hue apane ko raja samajhata tha. ab anaj ko tokare bhar-bharakar kaun laega ? ab kheti kahaan ? bakhar kahaan ?

yahi sochate-sochate giradhari ki aankhoan se aansoo ki jh di lag jati thi. gaanv ke do-char sajjan, jo kalikadin se jalate the, kabhi-kabhi giradhari ko tasalli dene aya karate the, par vah unase bhi khulakar n bolata. use maloom hota tha ki maian sabaki najaroan mean gir gaya hooan.

agar koee samajhata tha ki tumane kriya-karm mean vyarth itane rupaye u da diye, to use bahut du:kh hota. vah apane us kam par jara bhi n pachhatata. mere bhagy mean jo kuchh likha hai vah hoga, par dada ke rrin se to urrin ho gaya; unhoanne apani ziandagi mean char ko khilakar khaya. kya marane ke pichhe unhean piande-pani ko tarasata ?

is prakar tin mas bit ge aur ashadh a pahuancha. akash mean ghataean ayian, pani gira, kisan hal-jue thik karane lage. badhee haloan ki marammat karane laga. giradhari pagal ki tarah kabhi ghar ke bhitar jata, kabhi bahar jata, apane haloan ko nikal dekhata, isaki muthiya toot gee hai, isaki phal dhili ho gee hai, jue mean saila nahian hai. dekhate-dekhate vah ek kshan apane ko bhool gaya. dau da huee badhee ke yahaan gaya aur bola- rajjoo, mere hal bhi big de hue hai, chalo bana do. rajjoo ne usaki or karun-bhav se dekha aur apana kam karane laga. giradhari ko hosh a gaya, niand se chauk p da, glani se usaka sir jhuk gaya, aankhean bhar ayian. chupachap ghar chala aya.

gaanv mean charoan or halachal machi huee thi. koee sanh ke bij khojata phirata tha, koee zamiandar ke chaupal se dhan ke bij liye ata tha, kahian salah hoti, kis khet mean kya bona chahie. giradhari ye batean sunata aur jalahin machhali ki tarah t dapata tha.

ek din sandhya samay giradhari kh da apane bailoan ko khujala raha tha ki mangalasianh aye aur idhar-udhar ki batean karake bole- goee ko baandhakar kab tak khilaoge ? nikal kyoan nahian dete?

giradhari ne malin bhav se kaha-haan, koee gahak aye to nikal dooan.

mangalasianh- ek gahak to hamian haian, hamian ko de do.

giradhari abhi kuchh uttar n dene paya tha ki tulasi baniya aya aur garajakar bola- giradhari ! tumhean rupaye dene haian ki nahian, vaisa kaho. tin mahine se hil-havala karate chale ate ho. ab kaun kheti karate ho ki tumhari phasal ko agore baith rahean ?

giradhari ne dinata se kaha-sah, jaise itane dinoan mane ho, aj aur man jao. kal tumhari ek-ek kau di chuka dooanga.

mangal aur tulasi ke isharoan se batean ki aur tulasi bhunabhunata hua chala gaya. tab giradhari mangalasianh se bola- tum inhean le lo, to ghar-ke-ghar hi mean rah jaooan. kabhi-kabhi aankh se dekh to liya karooanga.

mangalasianh- mujhe abhi to koee aisa kam nahian, lekin ghar par salah karooanga.

giradhari- mujhe tulasi ke rupaye dene hai, nahian to khilane ko to bhoosa hai.

mangalasianh- yah b da badamash hai, kahian nalish n kar de.

saral hriday giradhari dhamaki mean a gaya. karyakushal mangalasianh ko sasta sauda karane ka achchha suavasar mila. 80 rupaye ki jo di 60 rupaye mean thik kar li.

giradhari ne ab tak bailoan ko n jane kis asha se baandhakar khilaya tha. aj asha ka vah kalpit sootr bhi toot gaya. mangalasianh giradhari ki khat par baithe rupaye gin rahe the aur giradhari bailoan ke pas vishadamay netroan se unake muanh ki or tak raha tha. ah ! ye mere khetoan ke kamane vale, mere jivan ke adhar, mere annadata, meri man-maryada ki raksha karane vale, jinake lie pahar rat se uthakar chhaanti katata tha, jinake khali-dane ki chinta apane khane se zyada rahati thi, jinake lie sara din-bhar hariyali ukha da karata tha, ye meri asha ki do aankhean, mere irade ke do tare, mere achchhe dinoan ke do chihn, mere do hath, ab mujhase vida ho rahe haian.

jab mangalasianh ne rupaye ginakar rakh die aur bailoan ko le chale, tab giradhari unake kandhoan par sir rakhakar khoob phoot-phootakar roya. jaisa kanya mayake se vida hote samay maan-bap ke pairoan ko nahian chho dati, usi tarah giradhari in bailoan ko n chho data tha. subhagi bhi dalan mean p di ro rahi thi aur chhota l daka mangalasianh ko ek baans ki chh di se mar raha tha !

rat ko giradhari ne kuchh nahian khaya. charapaee par p da raha. prat:kal subhagi chilam bharakar le gayi, to vah charapaee par n tha. usane samajha, kahian gaye hoange. lekin jab do-tin gh di din chadh aya aur vah n lauta, to usane rona-dhona shuroo kiya. gaanv ke log jama ho ge, charoan or khoj hone lagi, par giradhari ka pata n chala.

giradhari udas aur nirash hokar ghar aya. 100 rupaye ka prabandh karana usake kaboo ke bahar tha. sochane laga, agar donoan bail bech dooan to khet hi lekar kya karooanga ? ghar bechooan to yahaan lene vala hi kaun hai ? aur phir bap dadoan ka nam doobata hai. char-paanch pe d haian, lekin unhean bechakar 25 rupaye ya 30 rupaye se adhik n mileange. udhar looan to deta kaun hai ? abhi baniye ke 50 rupaye sir par chadh haian. vah ek paisa bhi n dega. ghar mean gahane bhi to nahian haian, nahian unhian ko bechata. le dekar ek hansali banavayi thi, vah bhi baniye ke ghar p di huee hai. sal-bhar ho gaya, chhu dane ki naubat n ayi. giradhari aur usaki stri subhagi donoan hi isi chianta mean p de rahate, lekin koee upay n soojhata tha. giradhari ko khana-pina achchha n lagata, rat ko niand n ati. khetoan ke nikalane ka dhyan ate hi usake hriday mean hook-si uthane lagati. hay ! vah bhoomi jise hamane varshoan jota, jise khad se pata, jisamean me dean rakhian, jisaki me dean banayi, usaka maja ab doosara uthaega.

ve khet giradhari ke jivan ka aansh ho ge the. unaki ek-ek aangul bhoomi usake rakt mean rangi huee thi. unake ek-ek paramanu usake pasine se tar ho raha tha.

unake nam usaki jihva par usi tarah ate the, jis tarah apane tinoan bachchoan ke. koee chaubiso tha, koee baeeso tha, koee nalabela, koee talaiyavala. in namoan ke smaran hote hi khetoan ka chitr usaki aankhoan ke samane khianch jata tha. vah in khetoan ki charcha is, tarah karata, mano ve sajiv haian. mano usake bhale-bure ke sathi haian. usake jivan ki sari ashaean, sari ichchhaean, sare manasoobe, sari mithaiyaan, sare havaee kile, inhian khetoan par avalambit the.

inake bina vah jivan ki kalpana hi nahian kar sakata tha. aur ve hi sab hath se nikale jate haian. vah ghabarakar ghar se nikal jata aur ghantoan khetoan ki medoan par baitha hua rota, mano unase vida ho raha hai. is tarah ek saptah bit gaya aur giradhari rupaye ka koee bandobast n kar saka. athavean din use maloom hua ki kalikadin ne 100 rupaye najarane dekar 10 rupaye bighe par khet le liye. giradhari ne ek thandi saans li. ek kshan ke bad vah apane dada ka nam lekar bilakh-bilakhakar rone laga. us din ghar mean choolha nahian jala. aisa maloom hota tha, mano harakhoo aj hi mara hai.

sandhya ho gee thi. aandhera chha raha tha. subhagi ne diya jalakar giradhari ne sirahane rakh diya tha aur baithi dvar ki or tar rahi thi ki sahasa use pairoan ki ahat maloom huee. subhagi ka hriday dh dak utha. vah dau dakar bahar ayi idhar-udhar takane lagi. usane dekha ki giradhari bailoan ki naand ke pas sir jhukaean kh da hai.

subhagi bol uthi- ghar ao, vahaan kh de kya kar rahe ho, aj sare din kahaan rahe ?

yah kahate hue vah giradhari ki or chali. giradhari ne kuchh uttar n diya. vah pichhe hatane laga aur tho di door jakar gayab ho gaya. subhagi chillayi aur moorchchhit hokar gir p di.

doosare din kalikadin hal lekar apane ne khet par pahuanche, abhi kuchh aandhera tha. vah bailoan ko hal mean laga rahe the ki yakayak unhoanne dekha ki giradhari khet ki me d par kh da hai. vahi, mirjee, vahi pag di, vahi soanta.

kalikadin ne kaha- are giradhari ! marade adami, tum yahaan kh de ho, aur bechari subhagi hairan ho rahi hai. kahaan se a rahe ho ?

yah kahate hue bailoan ko chho dakar giradhari ki or chale. giradhari pichhe hatane laga aur pichhevale kuean mean kooand p da. kalikadin ne chikhamari aur hal-bail vahian chho dakar bhaga. sare gaanv mean shor mach gaya, log nana prakar ki kalpanaean karane lage ! kalikadin ko giradhari vale khetoan mean jane ki himmat n p di.

giradhari ko gayab hue chh: mahine bit chuke haian. usaka b da l daka ab ek eeant ke bhatte par kam karata hai aur 20 rupaye mahina ghar ata hai. ab vah kamij aur aangareji joota pahanata hai, ghar mean donoan joon tarakari pakati hai aur jau ke badale gehooan khaya jata hai, lekin gaanv mean usaka kuchh bhi adar nahian. ab vah majoor hai. subhagi ab paraye gaanv mean aye kutte ki bhaanti dabakati phirati hai. vah ab panchayat mean bhi nahian baithati, vah ab mazadoor ki maan hai.

kalikadin ne giradhari ke khetoan se istipha de diya hai, kyoanki giradhari abhi tak apane khetoan ke charoan taraph mandaraya karata hai. aandhera hote hi vah mean d par akar baith jata hai aur kabhi-kabhi rat ko udhar se usake rone ki avaz sunaee deti hai. vah kisi se bolata nahian, kisi ko chhe data nahian. use keval apane khetoan ko dekhakar santosh hota hai. diya jalane ke bad udhar ka rasta band ho jata hai.

lala oankaranath bahut chahate haian ki ye khet uth jaean, lekin gaanv ke log un khetoan ka nam lete darate haian.

sanbandhit lekh

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