बिस्मिल्लाह ख़ाँ

bismillah khaan
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poora nam	ustad bismillah khaan
janm	21 march 1916
janm bhoomi	dumaraanv, bihar
mrityu	21 agast, 2006 (90 varsh)
abhibhavak	paiangabar khaan
karm bhoomi	banaras
karm-kshetr	shahanaee vadak
mukhy filmean	‘sannadi apanna’ (kann d), ‘gooanj uthi shahanaee’ aur ‘jalasaghar’ (hiandi)
vidyalay	'banaras hindoo vishvavidyalay' aur 'shaantiniketan'
puraskar-upadhi	'bharat ratn', 'rostam puraskar', 'padm shri', 'padm bhooshan', 'padm vibhooshan', 'tanasen puraskar'
vishesh yogadan	1947 mean ajadi ki poorv sandhya par jab lalakile par desh ka jhanda phahara raha tha, tab bismillah khaan ki shahanaee bhi vahaan azadi ka sandesh baant rahi thi. tab se lagabhag har sal 15 agast ko pradhanamantri ke bhashan ke bad bismillah khaan ka shahanaee vadan ek pratha ban gayi.
nagarikata	bharatiy

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ustad bismillah khaan (aangrezi: Bismillah Khan, janm- 21 march, 1916, bihar; mrityu- 21 agast, 2006) 'bharat ratn' se sammanit prakhyat shahanaee vadak the. san 1969 mean 'eshiyaee sangit sammelan' ke 'rostam puraskar' tatha anek any puraskaroan se sammanit bismillah khaan ne shahanaee ko bharat ke bahar ek vishisht pahachan dilavane mean mukhy yogadan diya. varsh 1947 mean desh ki azadi ki poorv sandhya par jab lalakile par bharat ka tiranga phahara raha tha, tab bismillah khan ki shahanaee bhi vahaan azadi ka sandesh baant rahi thi. tab se lagabhag har sal 15 agast ko pradhanamantri ke bhashan ke bad bismillah khan ka shahanaee vadan ek pratha ban gayi.

jivan parichay

bismillah khaan ka janm 21 march, 1916 ko bihar ke dumaraanv namak sthan par hua tha. ustad bismillah khaan vishv ke sarvashreshth shahanaee vadak mane jate the. unake paradada shahanaee navaz ustad salar husain khaan se shuroo yah parivar pichhali paanch pidhiyoan se shahanaee vadan ka pratipadak raha hai. bismillah khaan ko unake chacha ali baksh 'vilayatu' ne sangit ki shiksha di, jo banaras ke pavitr vishvanath mandir mean adhikrit shahanaee vadak the.

namakaran tatha shiksha

ustad bismilla khaan ke nam ke sath ek dilachasp vakaya bhi ju da hua hai. unaka janm hone par unake dada rasool bakhsh khaan ne unaki taraf dekhate hue 'bismilla' kaha. isake bad unaka nam 'bismilla' hi rakh diya gaya. unaka ek aur nam 'kamarooddin' tha. unake poorvaj bihar ke bhojapur rajava de mean darabari sangitakar the. unake pita paiangabar khaan isi pratha se ju date hue dumarav riyasat ke maharaja keshav prasad sianh ke darabar mean shahanaee vadan ka kam karane lage. chhah sal ki umr mean bismilla ko banaras le jaya gaya. yahaan unaka sangit prashikshan bhi shuroo hua aur ganga ke sath unaka ju dav bhi. khaan sahab 'kashi vishvanath mandir' se ju de apane chacha ali bakhsh ‘vilayatu’ se shahanaee vadan sikhane lage.

jatil sangit rachana

bismillah khaan ne jatil sangit ki rachana, jise tab tak shahanaee ke vistar se bahar mana jata tha, mean parivarddhan karake apani pratibha ka pradarshan kiya aur shighr hi unhean is vady se aise jo da jane laga, jaisa kisi any vadak ke sath nahian hua. ustad bismillah khaan ne bharat ke pahale ganatantr divas samaroh ki poorv sandhya par nee dilli mean lal qile se atyadhik marmasparshi shahanaee vadak prastut kiya.

ullekhaniy tathy

[[chitr:Ustad-Bismillah-Khan-Stamp.jpg|thumb|left|200px|ustad bismilla khaan par jari dak tikat]] bismilla khaan ne 'bajari', 'chaiti' aur 'jhoola' jaisi lokadhunoan mean baje ko apani tapasya aur riyaz se khoob sanvara aur klasikal mausiqi mean shahanaee ko sammanajanak sthan dilaya. is bat ka bhi ullekh karana avashyak hai ki jis zamane mean balak bismillah ne shahanaee ki talim lena shuroo ki thi, tab gane bajane ke kam ko i़zjat ki nazaroan se nahian dekha jata tha. khaan sahab ki mata ji shahanaee vadak ke roop mean apane bachche ko kadapi nahian dekhana chahati thian. ve apane pati se kahati thian ki- "kyoan ap is bachche ko is halke kam mean jhok rahe haian".

ullekhaniy hai ki shahanaee vadakoan ko tab vivah adi mean bulavaya jata tha aur bulane vale ghar ke aangan ya otale ke age in kalakaroan ko ane nahian dete the. lekin bismillah khaan sahab ke pita aur mamoo adig the ki is bachche ko to shahanaee vadak banana hi hai. usake bad ki batean ab itihas haian.

videshoan mean vadan

afaganistan, yoorop, eeran, irak, kanada, pashchim afrika, amerika, bhootapoorv soviyat sangh, japan, haangakaang aur vishv bhar ki lagabhag sabhi rajadhaniyoan mean bismillah khaan ne shahanaee ka sarvashreshth pradarshan kiya. mazahabi shiya hone ke bavazood khaan sahab vidya ki hindoo devi sarasvati ke param upasak the. 'banaras hindoo vishvavidyalay' aur 'shaantiniketan' ne unhean d aauktaret ki manad upadhi pradan karake sammanit kiya tha. unaki shahanaee ki gooanj aj bhi logoan ke kanoan mean gooanjati hai.

shahanaee hi begam aur mausiki

thumb|200px|left|ustad bismillah khaan 'bharatiy shastriy sangit' aur sanskriti ki phija mean shahanaee ke madhur svar gholane vale prasiddh shahanaee vadak bismilla khaan shahanaee ko apani begam kahate the aur sangit unake lie unaka poora jivan tha. patni ke iantakal ke bad shahanaee hi unaki begam aur sangi-sathi donoan thi, vahian sangit hamesha hi unaka poora jivan raha. unake oopar likhi ek kitab ‘sur ki baradari’ mean lekhak yatindr mishr ne likha hai- "khaan sahab kahate the ki sangit vah chij hai, jisamean jat-pat kuchh nahian hai. sangit kisi majahab ka bura nahian chahata." kitab mean mishr ne banaras se bismillah khaan ke ju dav ke bare mean bhi likha hai. unhoanne likha hai ki- "khaan sahab kahate the ki unaki shahanaee banaras ka hissa hai. vah ziandagi bhar mangalagauri aur pakka mahal mean riyaj karate hue javan hue haian to kahian na kahian banaras ka ras unaki shahanaee mean tapakega hi."

jugalabandi

bismilla khaan ne mandiroan, raje-jarava doan ke mukhy dvaroan aur shadi-byah ke avasar par bajane vale lokavady shahanaee ko apane mamoo ustad marahoom alibakhsh ke nirdesh par 'shastriy sangit' ka vady banane mean jo athak parishram kiya, usaki doosari misal nahian milati. ustad vilayat khaan ke sitar aur pandit vi. ji. jog ke vayalin ke sath khaan sahab ki shahanaee jugalabandi ke el. pi. rik aaudars ne bikri ke sare rik aaurd to d dale. inhian elabams ke bad jugalabandiyoan ka daur chala. sangit-sur aur namaz in tin batoan ke alava bismillah khaan ke lie sare inam-iqaram, samman bemani the. unhoanne ekadhik bar kaha ki- "sirf sangit hi hai, jo is desh ki virasat aur tahazib ko ekakar karane ki taqat rakhata hai". barasoan pahale kuchh kattarapanthiyoan ne bismilla khaan ke shahanaee vadan par apatti ki. unhoanne aankhean bad kian aur us par "allah hoo" bajate rahe. tho di der bad unhoanne maulaviyoan se poochha- "maian allah ko pukar raha hooan, maian usaki khoj kar raha hooan. kya meri ye jijnasa haram hai". nishchit hi sab bezuban ho ge. sade pahanave mean rahane vale bismilla khaan ke baje mean pahale vah akarshan aur vajan nahian ata tha. unhean apane ustad se hidayat mili ki vyayam kie bina saans ke is baje se prabhav nahian paida kiya ja sakega. is par bismilla khaan ustad ki bat manakar subah-subah ganga ke ghat pahuanch jate aur vyayam se apane sharir ko gathila banate. yahi vajah hai ki ve barasoan poore bharat mean ghoomate rahe aur shahanaee ka tilism phailate rahe.

svatantrata divas par shahanaee

[[chitr:Bismillah-Khan-And-Gangubai-Hungal.jpg|thumb|200px|bismilla khaan aur gangoobaee hangal]] bharat ki ajadi aur khaan ki shahanaee ka bhi khas rishta raha hai. 1947 mean ajadi ki poorv sandhya par jab lalakile par desh ka jhanda phahara raha tha tab unaki shahanaee bhi vahaan ajadi ka sandesh baant rahi thi. tab se lagabhag har sal 15 agast ko pradhanamantri ke bhashan ke bad bismillah ka shahanaee vadan ek pratha ban gayi. khaan ne desh aur duniya ke alag alag hissoan mean apani shahanaee ki gooanj se logoan ko mohit kiya. apane jivan kal mean unhoanne eeran, irak, afaganistan, japan, amerika, kanada aur roos jaise alag-alag mulkoan mean apani shahanaee ki jaduee dhunean bikherian.

filmi safar

bismilla khaan ne kee filmoan mean bhi sangit diya. unhoanne kann d film ‘sannadi apanna’, hiandi film ‘gooanj uthi shahanaee’ aur satyajit re ki film ‘jalasaghar’ ke lie shahanaee ki dhunean chhe di. akhiri bar unhoanne ashutosh govarikar ki hindi film ‘svadesh’ ke git ‘ye jo desh hai tera’ mean shahanaee ki madhur tan bikheri thi.

sant sangitakar

sangitakaroan ka manana hai ki ustad bismillah khan sahab ki badaulat hi shahanaee ko pahachan mili hai aur aj usake videshoan tak mean divane haian. vo aise iansan aur sangitakar the ki unaki prashansa mean sangitakaroan ke pas bhi shabdoan ki kami nazar aee. pandit jasaraj hoan ya hariprasad chaurasiya sabhi ka manana hai ki vo ek sant sangitakar the.

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif vo ek aise pharishte the jo dharati par bar-bar janm nahian lete haian aur jab janm lete haian to apani amit chhap chho d jate hai. chitr:Blockquote-close.gif - pandit jasaraj

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pandit jasaraj ke shrimukh se

pandit jasaraj ka manana hai- unake jaisa mahanh sangitakar n paida hua hai aur n kabhi hoga. maian sanh 1946 se unase milata raha hooan. pahali bar unaka sangit sunakar maian pagal sa ho gaya tha. mujhe pata nahian tha ki sangit itana achchha bhi ho sakata hai. unake sangit mean madamast karane ki kala thi, vah mithas thi jo bahut hi kam logoan ke sangit mean sunane ko milati hai. maian unake bare mean jitana bhi kahooanga bahut kam hoga kyoanki vo ek aise iansan the jinhoanne kabhi dikhave mean yakin nahian kiya. vo hamesha sabako achchhi rah dikhate the aur batate the. vo aaul iandiya rediyo ko bahut manate the aur hamesha kaha karate ki mujhe aaul iandiya rediyo ne hi banaya hai. vo ek aise pharishte the jo dharati par bar-bar janm nahian lete haian aur jab janm lete haian to apani amit chhap chho d jate hai.

chitr:Blockquote-open.gif mera manana hai ki unaka nidhan nahian ho sakata kyoanki vo hamari atma mean is kadar rache base hue haian ki unako alag karana namumakin hai. chitr:Blockquote-close.gif - hariprasad chaurasiya

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hariprasad chaurasiya ke shrimukh se

baansuri vadak hariprasad chaurasiya ka kahana hai- bismilla khaan sahab bharat ki ek mahanh vibhooti the, agar ham kisi sant sangitakar ko janate hai to vo haian bismilla kha़n sahab. bachapan se hi unako sunata aur dekhata a raha hooan aur unaka ashirvad sada hamare sath raha. vo hamean disha dikhakar chale ge, lekin vo kabhi hamase alag nahian ho sakate haian. unaka sangit hamesha hamare sath rahega. unake margadarshan par anek kalakar chal rahe haian. shahanaee ko unhoanne ek nee pahachan di. shastriy sangit mean unhoanne shahanaee ko jagah dilaee isase b di bat kya ho sakati hai. yah unaki mehanat aur shahanaee ke prati samarpan hi tha ki aj shahanaee ko bharat hi nahian balki poore sansar mean suna aur saraha ja raha hai. unaki kami to hamesha hi rahegi. mera manana hai ki unaka nidhan nahian ho sakata kyoanki vo hamari atma mean is kadar rache base hue haian ki unako alag karana namumakin hai. [[chitr:Bismillah-Khan-2.jpg|thumb|250px|ke.ar. narayanan se puraskar prapt karate ustad bismilla khaan]]

samman evan puraskar

• san 1956 mean bismillah khaan ko sangit natak akadami puraskar se sammanit kiya gaya.
• san 1961 mean unhean padm shri se sammanit kiya gaya.
• san 1968 mean unhean padm bhooshan se sammanit kiya gaya.
• san 1980 mean unhean padm vibhooshan se sammanit kiya gaya.
• 2001 mean unhean bharat ratn se sammanit kiya gaya.
• madhy pradesh mean unhean sarakar dvara tanasen puraskar se bhi sammanit kiya gaya.

nidhan

bismilla khan ne ek sangitajn ke roop mean jo kuchh kamaya tha vo ya to logoan ki madad mean kharch ho gaya ya apane b de parivar ke bharan-poshan mean. ek samay aisa aya jab vo arthik roop se mushkil mean a ge the, tab sarakar ko unaki madad ke lie age ana p da tha. unhoanne apane aantim dinoan mean dilli ke iandiya get par shahanaee bajane ki ichchha vyakt ki thi lekin ustad ki yah ichchha poori nahian ho paee aur 21 agast, 2006 ko 90 varsh ki ayu mean inaka dehavasan ho gaya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• bismillah khaan : sangit hi jinaka dharm tha
• ustad bismilla khaan

sanbandhit lekh

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