भरतमुनि

chitr:Disamb2.jpg bharat

ek bahuvikalpi shabd hai any arthoan ke lie dekhean:- bharat (bahuvikalpi)

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thumb|250px|natyashastr

• bharatamuni 'natyashastr' ke prasiddh praneta hue haian. inaka samay vivadaspad haian. inhean 500 ee.poo. 100 ee sanh ke bich kisi samay ka mana jata hai. bharat b de pratibhashali the. itana spasht hai ki bharatamuni rachit natyashastr se parichay tha. inaka 'natyashastr' bharatiy naty aur kavyashastr ka adigranth hai. isamean natyashastr, sangit-shastr, chhandashastr, alankar, ras adi sabhi ka saangopaang pratipadan kiya gaya hai. 'bharatiy natyashastr' apane vishay ka adharabhoot granth mana jata hai. kaha gaya hai ki bharatamuni rachit pratham natak ka abhinay, jisaka kathanak 'devasur sangram' tha, devoan ki vijay ke bad indr ki sabha mean hua tha. vidvanoan ka mat hai ki bharatamuni rachit poora natyashastr ab upalabdh nahian hai. jis roop mean vah upalabdh hai, usamean log kafi kshepak batate haian.
• natayan bhinnaroocherjanasy bahudhapyekan samaradhanm' arthath - jagath mean logoan ki ruchi bhinn bhinn hoti hai, aise sabhi logoan ko prasann karane vala yadi kuchh hai to vah adhikaanshat: 'naty' hai. rrigved mean sarama pani, yam yami, agasty lopamudra, pururava urvashi, adi anek sanvad sooktoan mean natakoan ke bij hoan, yah sambhav hai. bharat naty shastr aisi dant katha hai ki treta yug mean log du:kh, apatti se pi dit ho rahe the. indr ki prarthana par brahma ne charoan varnoan aur vishesh roop se shoodroan ke manoranjan aur alaukik anand ke lie 'natyaved' namak paanchavean ved ka nirman kiya. is ved ka nirman rrigved mean se pathy vastu, samaved se gan, yajurved mean se abhinay aur atharvaved mean se ras lekar kiya gaya. bharatamuni ko usaka prayog karane ka kary sauanpa gaya. bharatamuni ne 'naty shastr' ki rachana ki aur apane putroan ko padhaya. is dant katha se itana to avashy phalit hota hai ki bharatamuni sanskrit natyashastr ke ady pravartak haian.

natyashastr ka rachanakal

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kalidas aur bhas natayashastr ke achchhe janakar the. panini ke pahale krishashv aur shilali ke natyasootr aur unake pahale bharat ka mool granth manean to ee.s. poorv 8vian se 10vian shatabdi ka rachanakal mana jayega. sankshep mean bharatanaty shastr ee.poorv ke kee shatabdi pahale racha gaya tha.

natyashastr ka svaroop

abhinav gupt ke matanusar naty shastr ke 36 adhyay haian. isamean kul 4426 shlok aur gadyabhag haian. natyashastr ki avritiyaan nirnay sagar pres, chaukhamba sanskrit granthamala (gayakava d prachy vidyamala) dvara prakashit huee hai. gujarati ke kavi nathuram suandaraji ki 'naty shastr' pustak hai, jisamean naty shastr ka sar diya gaya hai.

natyashastr ke tikakar

bharat ke hal hi mean upalabdh natyashastr par sarvadhik pramanik aur vidvattapoorn 'abhinav bharati' tika ke karta abhinav gupt haian. yah tika ee.san 1013 mean likhi gayi thi. abhinav gupt ke poorv natyashastr par udbhat tnollat, shankuk, kirtidhar, bhattanayak adi ne tikaean likhi thi. kalidas, ban, shriharsh, bhavabhooti adi sanskrit natyakar naty shastr ko sarvapraman moordhany manate the.

natyashastr ka vishay

naty shastr mean naty shastr se sanbandhit sabhi vishayoan ka avashyakatanusar vistar ke sath athava sankshep mean nirupan kiya gaya hai. vishayavastu, patr, prekshagrih, ras, vriti, abhinay, bhasha, nrity, git, vady, patroan ke paridhan, prayog ke samay ki jane vali dharmik kriya, natak ke alag alag varg, bhav, shaili, sootradhar, vidooshak, ganika, ganika, nayika adi patroan mean kis prakar ki kushalata apekshit hai, adi natak se sanbandhit sabhi vastuoan ka vichar kiya gaya hai. natyashastr ne jis tarah se aur jaisa nirupan naty svaroop ka kiya hai, use dekhate hue yadi 'n bhooto n bhavishyati' kahean to uchit hi hai, kyoanki aisa nirupan pichhale 2000 varshoan mean kisi ne nahian kiya.

natak ke katipay lakshan

1. du:khaant natk nahian hote.
2. gadyatmak sanvadoan ke sath bhav pradhan shlok ate haian.
3. nayak, raja, brahman adi patr sanskrit bolate haian, jabaki stri aur halke patr prakrit bolate haian.
4. anand aur shok doannoan ka mishran hota hai. vidooshak apane hav bhav aur moorkhata se darshakoan ka manoranjaman karata hai.
5. natak mean maran ka drishy nahian dikhaya jata.
6. kisi bhi prakar ki asambhav kriya - daant se katana, khujalana, choomana, khana, sona adi manch par nahian darshayi jati.
7. aitihasik, pauranik kathaoan mean se natak ki vastu lekar avashyak pherabadal kiya jata hai.
8. prem adhikaansh natakoan ka vishay hota hai.
9. natak ke aankoan ki sankhya chhoti b di hoti hai. patroan ki sankhya ki koee maryada nahian hoti.
10. prakriti ko bahut mahattv diya jata hai.

bharatamuni kahate haian - naty to samagr trilok ke bhav ka anukirtan hai. natak ka uddeshy du:kh se pi dit, thake, shok se pi dit logoan aur tapasviyoan ko uchit samay par vishraanti dena hai. natak mean sabhi kalaoan ka sangam hota hai. bharatamuni kahate haian ki prekshakoan ke manoranjan ke sath hi unake bauddhik aur adhyatmik vikas mean bhi natak nimitt banean.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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tika tippani aur sandarbh

bharatiy sanskriti ke sarjak, pej n. (35)

sanbandhit lekh

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