भारतीय प्रशासनिक सेवा
bharatiy prashasanik seva vah prashasakiy seva hai jise eest iandiya kampani ne bharat mean apana prashasan chalane ke lie chaloo kiya tha. pahale isaka nam kampani raj ki sivil sarvis tha, bad mean isaka nam badalakar bharatiy prashasanik seva (indiyan sivil sarvis) rakha gaya. isaka arambh atyant chhote roop mean hua. vyapariyoan ki sanstha ke roop mean kampani ne apani seva mean aangrez yuvakoan ko lipik ke pad par niyukt kiya. ye british yuvak am taur se prabandhakoan dvara manonit hote the aur kampani ke sheyar holdaroan se rishtedari ke adhar par chune jate the. unaki umr 20 varsh se kam hoti thi. unhean skooli shiksha ya to bilkul mili hi n ho ya kam mili hoti thi. unaka vetan bhi bahut kam hota tha.
qarar vali sivil seva
1757 ee. mean plasi ke yuddh ke bad jab kampani ke adhipaty mean bharat ka kafi b da kshetr a gaya, to usane navavijit kshetroan ka prashasan apane in lipikoan ke supurd kar diya. in navaniyukt afasaroan ne zabaradast bhrashtachar aur beeemani shuroo kar di. at: kampani ne unase ek qarar par hastakshar karane ko kaha, jisamean kampani ki seva eemanadari aur sachchaee ke sath karane ka vachan maanga gaya tha. isi adhar par aangrezi mean is qararashuda seva ko kaveneanted sivil sarvis (qarar vali sivil seva) kaha jane laga. bangal mean l aaurd klaiv ke doosari bar ke prashasanakal mean kampani ne pahali bar apane afasaroan ko ukt qarar karane ko badhy kiya. afasaroan ne shuroo mean to is nee vyavastha ka virodh kiya kintu aantat: unhean jhukana p da. l aaurd karnavalis ke prashasan kal mean yah kaveneanted sivil sarvis bharat mean kampani ke prashasan tantr ka ek niyamit aang ban gee.
aangrezoan ka ekadhikar
l aaurd karnavalis ne is seva mean sirf aangrezoan ko hi bharti kiya aur unake vetan bhi badha diye gaye. kampani ke aantargat sabhi mahattvapoorn sivil padoan par aangrezoan ki niyukti hoti aur zila kalektaroan, majistretoan, jajoan ke padoan par to jaise unaka ekadhikar ho gaya. bad ko jab vibhagiy sachivoan aur rajanayik ejeantoan ke pad chaloo kiye gaye to un par bhi aangrezoan ko hi niyukt kiya gaya. l aaurd velejali ne kaveneanted sivil sarvis ke sadasyoan ka bauddhik star ooancha uthane ke lie ek nishchit avadhi tak unake prashikshan ki vyavastha ki. isake lie usane kalakatta mean fort viliyam k aaulej ki sthapana ki. kintu 1805 ee. mean yah k aaulej band karana p da, kyoanki is par hone vale kharch par kampani ne aitaraz kiya. isake bad ke pachas varshoan mean kaveneanted sivil sarvis ke rangarootoan ko landan ke helebari k aaulej mean prashikshan diya jata raha. inamean se kuchh rangaroot to vastav mean atyant yogy aur saphal prashasak siddh hue, kintu samany tariqe se ausat sadasyoan mean bahut kamiyaan paee jati thian, kyoanki kaveneanted sivil sarvis mean kampani ke dayarektaroan dvara namajad logoan ki bharti hoti thi, jinhean yogy prashasak banane ke lie apekshit shiksha bilkul prapt nahian thi. phalat: svayan ianglaiannd mean hi yah maang uthi ki sarvottam medhavi british yuvakoan ko hi prashasak banakar bharat bheja jana chahie.
pratiyogita madhyam
ab 1853 ee. mean kaveneanted sivil sarvis mean, jo ab bharatiy prashasanik seva ke nam se pukari jane lagi, pravesh sarvajanik pratiyogita ke madhyam se sabake lie khol diya gaya. 1855 ee. mean landan mean bord aauf kantrol ki dekharekh mean pahali sarvajanik pratiyogita huee. sanh 1858 se yah pratiyogita sivil sarvis kamishnaroan ki dekharekh mean hone lagi. is prakar bharatiy prashasanik seva mean sabhi medhavi british yuvakoan ke lie pravesh ka dvar khul gaya. lekin chartar ekt, 1832 ee. aur 1858 ee. mean maharani ke ghoshanapatr ke bavajood bharatiy ab bhi pravesh se vanchit rahe. 1864 ee. mean pahali bar ek bharatiy (mahakavi ravindranath thakur ke b de bhaee satyendranath thakur) landan mean huee bharatiy prashasanik seva (indiyan sivil sarvis) ki pratiyogita mean saphal hue aur unhoanne bharatiy prashasanik seva mean sthan prapt kiya. kintu bharatiy prashasanik seva mean bharatiyoan ka pravesh atyalp raha aur 1876 mean adhikatam umr 23 varsh se ghatakar 19 varsh kar dene se yah pravesh asambhav nahian to aur kathin avashy bana diya gaya.
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bharatiyoan ki maang
baharahal is samay tak bharat mean pashchaty shiksha ka prasar ho gaya tha, isalie bharatiy vishvavidyalayoan ke naye snatakoan dvara bharatiy prashasanik seva (indiyan sivil sarvis) mean pravesh ki adhik suvidhaean maangana svabhavik tha. bharatiyoan ne yah maang karana shuroo kiya ki bharatiy prashasanik seva mean pravesh ke lie landan ke sath hi sath bharat mean bhi ek pratiyogita pariksha honi chahie aur pravesh ki adhikatam umr pahale ki tarah 23 varsh kar di jae. bad mean is maang par bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ne bhi zor diya aur shuroo ke pray: sabhi adhiveshanoan mean is maang ko doharaya gaya. lekin barabar nazaraandaz kiya jata raha.
aangrezoan ka paksh
1878 ee. mean bharatiy maang ko talane ke lie ek nee seva arambh ki gee, jise stetyootari sivil sarvis ka nam diya gaya aur isamean bharatiyoan ko bharti kiya gaya. is seva ke log kam mahattvavale kuchh ooanche padoan par, vishesh roop se nyayik padoan par, niyukt kiye gaye aur unhean ek se padoan par kary karane ke bavajood bharatiy prashasanik seva ke sadasyoan ke muqabale do-tihaee vetan diya jata raha. isalie is seva se bhi bharatiy maang santusht nahian huee aur 1885 ee. mean is seva ko samapt kar diya gaya. umr ki sima 1829 mean badhakar 23 varsh kar di gee, kintu bharatiy prashasanik seva (indiyan sivil sarvis) mean pravesh ke lie bharat mean bhi pratiyogita pariksha karane ki maang 1922 ee. tak nahian mani gee. briten aur bharat donoan hi sarakaroan ka bharasak prayas ab bhi yahi raha ki, bharatiy prashasanik seva mean bahuly aangrezoan ka hi bana rahe.
pradhanamantri ka bhashan
pradhanamantri l aaurd jarj ne agast 1922 mean kaman sabha (haus aauf kamans) mean apane ek bhashan mean bharatiy prashasanik seva ke aangrez naukarashahoan ko bharatiy sanvaidhanik dhaanche ka ispati chaukhata kaha aur bhavishyavani ki ki agar ap is ispati chaukhate ko hata lean to poora dhaancha hi dhah jaega. kintu 25 varshoan ke bad is ispati chaukhate ke bane rahane par bhi dhaancha dhah p da.
ghrinit prayas
asaliyat yah thi ki bharatiy prashasanik seva (indiyan sivil sarvis) ke british sadasyoan ne bharat ke vikas aur yahaan tak ki usake rajanitik bhavishy ke vikas mean bhi nisandeh mahattvapoorn yog diya, kintu ve apane ko bharat ka aang kabhi bhi n bana pae. ve bharat ke lie bahut manhage the. unhoanne amataur se bharatiyoan ko apane se hamesha hi nicha samajha. apane astitv ko bachane ke lie unaka antim prayas b da hi ghrinit tha. unhoanne bharat mean sampradayik tanav is had tak badha diya ki agast, 1947 mean akhirakar jab unhean paristhitiyoan ne bharat chho dane ko vivash kar diya to ve use do tuk doan mean banta hua aur lahoo-luhan chho dakar chale gaye.
prashikshan sansthan
is seva hetu chayanit abhyathiyoan ke prashikshan ki vyavastha uttarakhand rajy ke masoori namak sthan par hoti haian.
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rajy prashasanik seva
rajyoan ka dhaancha sanghatmak banaya gaya tha, tathapi sarvajanik sevarat karmachariyoan ki manamani padachyuti, sthanaantaran, padoan ke nyoonikaran adi se bachav ke lie sare desh mean ek jaisi vyavastha sanvidhan dvara ki gee. bharatiy prashasanik seva ke anuroop rajy star par prashasan ki sahayata ke liye rajy prashasanik sevaaian (stet sivil sarvis) hoti haian , jise rajy sivil seva ke roop mean bhi jana jata hai, yah rajy star ki sivil seva hai aur isamean rajy sarakar ki sthayi naukarashahi hoti haian.
1947 se 1950 ki avadhi mean in sevaoan ki sthapana tatha tatsanbandhi any nishchayoan ke sath hi sath sanvidhan sabha ne svatantr bharat ke lie ek sanvidhan ka nirman kar diya aur vibhinn riyasatoan ke vilayan ke bad desh mean rajanitik ekata sthapit ho gee. sanvidhan ka svaroop, jisake adhin ye lokasevaean thian, in rajanitik parivartanoan ko dhyan mean rakhakar sthir kiya gaya tha.
samast desh mean sarvajanik sevaoan aur padoan par bharati aur niyukti lokaseva ayogoan ke madhyam se karane ki vyavastha ki gee. seva ki sthitiyoan, unnati, sthanaantaran, anushasanik karravaee tatha sevakal mean huee kshati athava vivad adi ki avastha mean in karmachariyoan ke adhikaroan se sanbandhit niyamadi banane ke sanbandh mean bhi in ayogoan ki ray lena avashyak mana gaya.
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sivil seva divas
21 aprail ko sivil seva divas manaya jata hai. is divas ka uddeshy nagarikoan ke lie apane ap ko ek bar punah samarpit aur phir se vachanabaddh karana hai. ise sabhi sivil seva dvara manaya jata hai. is avasar par, kendriy aur rajy sarakaroan ke sabhi adhikariyoan ko bharat ke pradhanamantri dvara sarvajanik prashasan mean utkrishthata ke lie sammanit kiya jata hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bhattachary, sachchidanand bharatiy itihas kosh, dvitiy sanskaran-1989 (hindi), bharat diskavari pustakalay: uttar pradesh hindi sansthan, 72.
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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