भारतीय संस्कृति की विविधता

bhaugolik drishti se bharat vividhataoan ka desh hai, phir bhi saanskritik roop se ek ikaee ke roop mean isaka astitv prachinakal se bana hua hai. is vishal desh mean uttar ka parvatiy bhoo - bhag, jisaki sima poorv mean brahmaputr aur pashchim mean sindhu nadiyoan tak vistrit hai. isake sath hi ganga, yamuna, sataluj ki upajaoo krishi bhoomi, vindhy aur dakshin ka vanoan se achchhadit pathari bhoo - bhag, pashchim mean thar ka registan, dakshin ka tatiy pradesh tatha poorv mean asam aur meghalay ka ativrishti ka suramy kshetr sammilit hai. is bhaugolik vibhinnata ke atirikt is desh mean arthik aur samajik bhinnata bhi paryapt roop se vidyaman hai. vastut: in bhinnataoan ke karan hi bharat mean anek saanskritik upadharaean vikasit hokar pallavit aur pushpit huee haian. bharatiy sanskriti ki vividhata darshane vale tattv nimnalikhit haian -

bhaugolik vividhata

bhaugolik drishti se bharat mean vividhata darshit hoti hai. bharat ki is bhaugolik vividhata ke sambandh mean d aau. rajendr prasad ne apane bhashan mean spasht kaha hai ki -

‘yadi koee videshi, jise bharatiy paristhitiyoan ka jnan nahian hai, sare desh ki yatra kare to, vah vahaan ki bhinnataoan ko dekhakar yahi samajhega ki, yah ek desh nahian, balki chhote-chhote deshoan ka samooh hai aur ye desh ek-doosare se atyadhik bhinn hai. jitani adhik prakritik bhinnataean yahaan haian, utani anyatr kahian par nahian haian. desh ke ek chhor par use him mandit himalay dikhaee dega aur dakshin ki or badhane par ganga, yamuna evan brahmaputr ki ghatiyaan, phir vindhy, aravali, satapu da tatha nilagiri parvatashreniyoan ka pathar. is prakar agar vah pashchim se poorv ki or jayega to use vaisi hi vividhata aur vibhinnata milegi. use vibhinn prakar ki jalavayu milegi. himalay ki atyadhik thand, maidanoan ki grishmakal ki atyadhik garmi milegi. ek taraf asam ka samavarsha vala pradesh hai, to doosari or jaisalamer ka sookha kshetr, jahaan bahut kam varsha hoti hai. is prakar bhaugolik drishti se bharat mean sarvatr vividhata dikhaee p dati hai.’

rajanitik vividhata

aitihasik adhyayan se jnat hota hai ki maury, gupt tatha aangrezoan ke shasanakal ko yadi chho d diya jae to bharat kabhi sangathit nahian raha, balki bharat ke vibhinn bhagoan par ek hi samay mean kee nareshoan ne shasan kiya, udaharanarth - agar uttar bharat par harshavardhan ka shasan tha, to usi samay bangal mean pal vanshiy shasakoan ka tatha dakshin mean chalukyoan ka shasan tha. at: kaha ja sakata hai ki yahaan rajanitik ekata ka abhav raha hai.

saanskritik vividhata

bharat ke anek kshetroan mean saanskritik vividhata dikhaee p dati hai. yahaan vibhinn kshetroan ke vyaktiyoan mean saanskritik bhinnata milati hai. logoan ka sharirik gathan, khan-pan, rahan-sahan, vesh-bhoosha, yahaan tak ki manasikata bhi alag-alag prakar ki hai. udaharanarth - uttar bharat mean anek jagah yatha - dilli, mumbee, kolakata adi mean sabhy, shikshit evan shisht log milate haian, to asam tatha nagalaind mean apekshakrit kuchh kam susanskrit evan shisht log milate haian.

dharmik vividhata

bharat ke vibhinn bhagoan mean alag-alag dharm yatha - hindoo, muslim, sikkh, eesaee, bauddh, parasi tatha jain dharm ke anuyayi rahate haian. pratyek dharm bhi kee matoan mean banta hua hai, udaharanarth - hindoo dharm jise bharat ka sarvadhik prachin dharm mana jata hai, vaishnav, shaiv, sanatan, ary samaj, ram bhakt, krishna bhakt, kabir panthi, nath panthi adi matoan mean vibhajit hai. at: vibhinn dharm tatha matoan ke anuyayiyoan mean dharmik vividhata dikhaee deti hai.

bhasha ki vividhata

bharat ke vibhinn prantoan mean anek bhashaean astitv mean haian, jo bhinn-bhinn prantoan ko paraspar alag sa kar deti haian. saiman kamishan ki riport ke anusar, yahaan vyavahar mean laee jane vali bhashaoan ki sankhya lagabhag 222 hai. isake atirikt bharat ke vibhinn bhagoan mean lagabhag 545 bhashaean vyavahar mean laee jati haian. in vibhinn bhashaoan ke karan bharat mean vividhata darshit hoti hai. vartaman mean bharat ke sanvidhan dvara 22 bhashaoan ko manyata pradan ki gee hai. ye bhashaean haian - hindi, baangla, panjabi, gujarati, marathi, u diya, urdoo, sindhi, asamiya, kashmiri, tamil, telugu, kann d, malayalam, koankani, manipuri, nepali, sanskrit, dogari, santhali, bo doan v maithili. kuchh any bhashaoan ko bhi is soochi mean sammilit karane ki maang ki ja rahi hai.

arthik vividhata

bharat mean arthik drishti se bhi vividhata vyapt hai. yahaan dhan ka asaman vitaran hai. ek taraf aisa varg hai, jo athak parishram ke pashchath do vakt ki roti layaq paisa nahian kama pata hai, vahian doosari taraf aisa bhi varg hai, jisaki arthik sthiti itani sudridh tatha ay itani adhik hai ki is varg ke vyaktiyoan ki ganana vishv ke dhanadhy vyaktiyoan mean ki jati hai.

nishkarsh

at: uparyukt varnan ke adhar par kaha ja sakata hai ki bharat mean vividhata vyapt hai. isake pichhe anek vidvanh tark dete haian ki aisa isilie hai, kyoanki bharat ek rashtr n hokar afrika ki tarah bhaugolik ikaee hai, jahaan anek chhote-b de rajy haian, jinamean kee kshetroan mean paraspar bhinnata hai.  

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh