भिक्षुकोपनिषद

shukl yajurvediy is upanishad mean atm-kalyan aur lok-kalyan hetu bhiksha dvara jivan-yapan karane vale sannyasiyoan ka sankshep mean varnan kiya gaya hai. is upanishad mean kul paanch mantr haian. is upanishad mean bataya gaya hai ki moksh ki kamana rakhane vale bhikshuoan ki char shreniyaan hoti haian-'kutichak, bahoodak, hans aur paramahans.'

kutichakr

bhikshu gautam, bharadvaj, yajnavalky aur vasishth adi ke saman ath gras bhojan lekar yogamarg se moksh ke lie prayatn karate haian. isamean matr sharir ki raksha ke lie nyoonatak bhojan grahan karane ka vidhan hai.

bahoodak

bhikshu tridand, kamandalu, shikha, yajnopavit aur kashay vastr dharan karate haian. madhu-maans adi ka poornat: tyag karate haian. kisi sadachari vyakti ke ghar se bhiksha dvara ath gras bhojan grahan karake yogamarg dvara moksh ki prapti ke lie prayatnashil hote haian.

hans

bhikshu kisi gaanv mean ek ratri, nagar mean paanch ratri, tirthakshetr mean sat ratri se adhik nivas nahian karate. ve gomootr aur gobar ka ahar grahan karate hue nity chandrayan vrat ka palan karake yogamarg se moksh ki khoj karate haian.

paramahans

bhikshu sanvartak, aruni, shvetaketu, j dabharat, dattatrey, shukadev, vamadev aur haritak adi ki bhaanti ath gras bhojan grahan karake yogamarg mean vicharan karate hue moksh-prapti ke lie prayatnashil rahate haian. inaka nivas kisi vriksh ke niche, kisi shoony grih mean ya phir shmashan mean hota hai. unake lie 'dvait bhav' ka koee abhimat nahian hota. mitti aur sone mean koee bhed nahian hota. ve sabhi varnoan mean saman bhav se bhikshavritti karate haian aur sabhi jivoan mean apani 'atma' ke darshan karate haian. ve shuddh man se paramahans vritti ka palan karate hue sharir ka tyag karate haian.

sanbandhit lekh

shrutiyaan