भूर्जपत्र (लेखन सामग्री)

lekhan samagri vishay soochi

lekhan samagri    pashaniy shilalekh    eeant    svarn    rajat    kashth    kap da    dhatu    ta dapatr    bhoorjapatr    agarupatr    kagaz    qalam    syahi

thumb|250px|gilagit hastalipiyoan ka ek bhoorjapatr (lagabhag 600 ee.)

bhoorjapatr ek prachin bharat ki lekhan samagri hai. bhoorj namak vriksh himalay mean qarib 4,000 mitar ki ooanchaee par bahutayat mean milata hai. isaki bhitari chhal, jise kalidas ne ‘bhoorjatvakh’ kaha hai, kagaz ki tarah hoti hai. yah chhal kee mitar lambi nikal ati hai. alabarooni ne likha hai-

"madhy aur uttari bharat ke log tooz (bhoorj) vriksh ki chhal par likhate haian. usako bhoorj kahate haian. ve usake ek mitar lambe aur ek balisht chau de patre lete haian aur unako bhinn-bhinn prakar se taiyar karate haian. unako mazaboot banane ke lie ve un par tel lagate haian aur ghotakar chikana banate haian, aur phir un par likhate haian."

bhoorjapatr ko avashyakatanusar akar mean katakar us par syahi se likha jata tha. chhed banane ke lie bich mean tho di khali jagah chho d di jati thi. pustak ke oopar aur niche rakhi jane vali lak di ki pattikaoan mean bhi usi aandazamean chhed rahate the, taki unamean dori dalakar pustak ko baandh diya ja sake.

pustakean

bhoorjapatr par likhi adhikatar pustakean kashmir se aur kuchh u disa adi pradeshoan se mili haian. bhoorjapatr par likhi upalabdh sabase prachin pustak hai- 'dhammapad'. yah pustak madhy eshiya ke khotan sthan se mili hai, aur kharoshthi lipi mean likhi gee hai aur eesa ki doosari-tisari shatabdi ki hai. gilagit se prapt bhoorjapatr hastalipiyaan 600 ee. ke asapas ki guptakalin brahmi lipi mean haian. bhoorjapatr zyada tikaoo nahian hota. isilie adhik prachin bhoorjapatr pothiyaan zyada sankhya mean nahian mili haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh